Terapia de nutrição enteral em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19: uma revisão

• Autor(a) principal: Maria Clara Figueiredo de Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Mariana Wanessa Santana de Souza, Ayeska Veloso Corrêa, Raquel Linhares Bello de Araújo
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMG
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.37111/braspenj.2022.37.4.15; http://hdl.handle.net/1843/70721; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5110-5203
• topic: Covid-19; SARS-CoV-2; Nutrição enteral; Terapia nutricional; Covid-19; SARS-CoV-2; Nutrição enteral; Terapia nutricional

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic began on December, 2019, when an outbreak of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan City, China. In a short time, the pathogen was identified and named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and this virus causes Coronavirus 2019 Disease (COVID-19). In Brazil, 39% of hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). These patients were at increased risk of malnutrition due to increased metabolic needs associated with a state of acute inflammation. In this scenario, the early start of nutritional therapy (NT) promotes numerous advantages for the hospitalized patient, such as an improvement in the immune response, a reduction of clinical complications, as well as reductions in costs, length of stay and even on the mortality rate. In order to produce a theoretical framework that contributes to a better understanding of NT and its use in patients with COVID-19, an integrative review was carried out. Methods: To this end, a search was performed in the CAPES, PubMed, Lilacs and Medline databases, using descriptors and free terms referring to enteral nutrition and COVID-19. Resultads: From a total of 167 articles, 12 manuscripts that specifically addressed the clinical and nutritional management of patients with COVID-19 or the use of enteral nutrition in patients with COVID-19 were selected. Conclusion: From these articles, nutritional approaches in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were identified, such as the choice of the nutritional assessment and screening method, management of health professionals in the care of these patients, the nutritional consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as well as nutritional therapy choices regarding enteral diet, composition and influence of macro and micronutrients in the evolution of patients with COVID-19.