Envolvimento do sistema canabinoide nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais crônicas

• Autor(a) principal: Priscila Alves Lima
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMG
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/34304
• topic: Sistema canabinoide; Canabinoides; Inflamação; Doenças Crônicas Intestinais; Colite ulcerativa; Doença de Crohn; Canabinoides; Inflamação; Doenças inflamatórias intestinais; Colite ulcerativa; Doença de Crohn

The endocannabinoid system is widely expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, participating in the control of homeostasis in this location. Cannabinoids usually have an inhibitory effect on the gastrointestinal tract, generating anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, antisecretory and antiproliferative effects. Therefore, several of these substances are being studied for the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The pathophysiology of these diseases is not completely understood and its therapeutic approach is still controversial. Therefore, this review studied the involvement of the cannabinoid system in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and compiled possible therapeutic approaches with the use of cannabinoids. Agonist substances of cannabinoid system, such as cannabidiol, cannabigerol, HU-210, WIN- 55,212-2 and JHW133, inhibitors of metabolizing enzymes, such as PF 3845 and URB597, and inhibitors of endocannabinoid reuptake, such as VDM- 11, are seen as potential drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Studies in experimental models of intestinal inflammation and also in humans have shown that these substances are capable of reducing macroscopic and microscopic damage from inflammation, intestinal inflammatory infiltrate, intestinal motility, levels of inflammatory cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators, such as, inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) and also reactive oxygen species (ROS) besides to increase expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 and IL-4. In this way, based on the evidences presented by this revision cannabinoids could be a potential therapeutic approaches for inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.