Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFMG |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/1843/33326 |
Resumo: | During contests for access to females, males may pay several costs that change according to the time invested in the interaction or the behaviors adopted during contest. For this reason, it may be that males increase their investment in contests when the expected benefits obtained with victory are higher. The benefits could vary according to female traits or to the cost that males have pay to find females. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that males of the golden orb-web spider, Triconephila clavipes, invest more in contests for access to virgin and more fecund females and when access to females is harder. To test these hypotheses, we recorded the occurrence, duration and adoption of more aggressive behaviors (i.e., escalation) during the contests between males for access to mated and virgin females. In each contest, we also estimated female fecundity and recorded if the female web occurred isolated or in aggregation with other female webs (information used as a proxy for the cost that loser males would have to pay to find new females). We found that the occurrence and duration of contests were unrelated to female traits. However, the probability of escalation during the contests was higher in two situations: 1) when females were adults (and probably mated) and 2) when females were aggregated. These results indicate that males of T. clavipes adjust investment in contests, but contrarily to our predictions. We suggest that the investment in contests is higher for adult than juvenile females because males are defending mated females to avoid sperm competition, and in female aggregations due to the high turnover of rival males, which prevents an establishment of dominance hierarchy. |
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Paulo Enrique Cardoso Peixotohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3149228650359524Reisla Silva OliveiraGlauco MachadoAdalberto José dos Santoshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2884217884530990Amanda Vieira da Silva2020-04-28T17:24:18Z2020-04-28T17:24:18Z2020-02-19http://hdl.handle.net/1843/33326During contests for access to females, males may pay several costs that change according to the time invested in the interaction or the behaviors adopted during contest. For this reason, it may be that males increase their investment in contests when the expected benefits obtained with victory are higher. The benefits could vary according to female traits or to the cost that males have pay to find females. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that males of the golden orb-web spider, Triconephila clavipes, invest more in contests for access to virgin and more fecund females and when access to females is harder. To test these hypotheses, we recorded the occurrence, duration and adoption of more aggressive behaviors (i.e., escalation) during the contests between males for access to mated and virgin females. In each contest, we also estimated female fecundity and recorded if the female web occurred isolated or in aggregation with other female webs (information used as a proxy for the cost that loser males would have to pay to find new females). We found that the occurrence and duration of contests were unrelated to female traits. However, the probability of escalation during the contests was higher in two situations: 1) when females were adults (and probably mated) and 2) when females were aggregated. These results indicate that males of T. clavipes adjust investment in contests, but contrarily to our predictions. We suggest that the investment in contests is higher for adult than juvenile females because males are defending mated females to avoid sperm competition, and in female aggregations due to the high turnover of rival males, which prevents an establishment of dominance hierarchy.Durante as brigas por acesso às fêmeas, machos podem pagar diversos custos que mudam de acordo com o tempo investido na interação e com os comportamentos adotados durante a briga. Por essa razão, é possível que os machos aumentem o investimento em brigas quando os benefícios potenciais a serem obtidos com a vitória forem altos. Os benefícios podem variar de acordo com características das fêmeas ou com o custo que os machos pagam para encontrar fêmeas. Neste estudo, testamos as hipóteses de que os machos da aranha de teia dourada, Triconephila clavipes, investem mais em brigas por acesso a fêmeas virgens e mais fecundas e quando o acesso às fêmeas mais é difícil. Para testar essas hipóteses, gravamos a ocorrência, duração e adoção de comportamentos mais agressivos (i.e., escalonamento) durante as brigas entre machos para acessar fêmeas virgens e acasaladas. Em cada briga, também estimamos a fecundidade da fêmea e gravamos se a teia da fêmea ocorria de maneira isolada ou agregada com as teias de outras fêmeas (informação usada como um estimador para o custo que os machos perdedores deveriam pagar para encontrar novas fêmeas). Encontramos que a ocorrência e duração das brigas não foram relacionadas com atributos das fêmeas. Entretanto, a probabilidade de escalonamento durante as brigas foi maior em duas situações: 1) quando as fêmeas eram adultas (e provavelmente acasaladas) e 2) quando as fêmeas estavam agregadas. Esses resultados indicam que machos de T. clavipes ajustam o investimento em brigas, mas ao contrário do esperado. Sugerimos que o investimento em brigas é maior por fêmeas adultas do que por juvenis porque os machos estão defendendo fêmeas acasaladas para evitar competição espermática e em fêmeas agregadas devido à alta troca de machos rivais, o que impede o estabelecimento de uma hierarquia de dominância.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoengUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservacao e Manejo da Vida SilvestreUFMGBrasilICB - DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA GERALEcologiaAranhasComportamento sexual animalagonistic interactionsmale-male contestsresource valuefemale traitsmate searchingintrasexual selectionWeb wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easierGuerra nas teias: machos da aranha de teia dourada Trichonephila clavipes escalonam mais em brigas por fêmeas acasaladas e quando o acesso às fêmeas é mais fácilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGORIGINALAmanda Vieira da Silva.pdfAmanda Vieira da Silva.pdfapplication/pdf1060768https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/33326/3/Amanda%20Vieira%20da%20Silva.pdf1fa3411db997e67e896a8164ae6a5de7MD53LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82119https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/33326/4/license.txt34badce4be7e31e3adb4575ae96af679MD54TEXTAmanda Vieira da Silva.pdf.txtAmanda Vieira da Silva.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain64967https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/33326/5/Amanda%20Vieira%20da%20Silva.pdf.txt06b9713bf32a93b73254f871a318f903MD551843/333262020-04-29 03:28:19.237oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2020-04-29T06:28:19Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier |
dc.title.alternative.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Guerra nas teias: machos da aranha de teia dourada Trichonephila clavipes escalonam mais em brigas por fêmeas acasaladas e quando o acesso às fêmeas é mais fácil |
title |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier |
spellingShingle |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier Amanda Vieira da Silva agonistic interactions male-male contests resource value female traits mate searching intrasexual selection Ecologia Aranhas Comportamento sexual animal |
title_short |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier |
title_full |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier |
title_fullStr |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier |
title_full_unstemmed |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier |
title_sort |
Web wars: males of the golden orb-web spider Trichonephila clavipes escalate more in contests for mated females and when access to females is easier |
author |
Amanda Vieira da Silva |
author_facet |
Amanda Vieira da Silva |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Paulo Enrique Cardoso Peixoto |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3149228650359524 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Reisla Silva Oliveira |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Glauco Machado |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Adalberto José dos Santos |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2884217884530990 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Amanda Vieira da Silva |
contributor_str_mv |
Paulo Enrique Cardoso Peixoto Reisla Silva Oliveira Glauco Machado Adalberto José dos Santos |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
agonistic interactions male-male contests resource value female traits mate searching intrasexual selection |
topic |
agonistic interactions male-male contests resource value female traits mate searching intrasexual selection Ecologia Aranhas Comportamento sexual animal |
dc.subject.other.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Ecologia Aranhas Comportamento sexual animal |
description |
During contests for access to females, males may pay several costs that change according to the time invested in the interaction or the behaviors adopted during contest. For this reason, it may be that males increase their investment in contests when the expected benefits obtained with victory are higher. The benefits could vary according to female traits or to the cost that males have pay to find females. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that males of the golden orb-web spider, Triconephila clavipes, invest more in contests for access to virgin and more fecund females and when access to females is harder. To test these hypotheses, we recorded the occurrence, duration and adoption of more aggressive behaviors (i.e., escalation) during the contests between males for access to mated and virgin females. In each contest, we also estimated female fecundity and recorded if the female web occurred isolated or in aggregation with other female webs (information used as a proxy for the cost that loser males would have to pay to find new females). We found that the occurrence and duration of contests were unrelated to female traits. However, the probability of escalation during the contests was higher in two situations: 1) when females were adults (and probably mated) and 2) when females were aggregated. These results indicate that males of T. clavipes adjust investment in contests, but contrarily to our predictions. We suggest that the investment in contests is higher for adult than juvenile females because males are defending mated females to avoid sperm competition, and in female aggregations due to the high turnover of rival males, which prevents an establishment of dominance hierarchy. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-04-28T17:24:18Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2020-04-28T17:24:18Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-19 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/33326 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/33326 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservacao e Manejo da Vida Silvestre |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFMG |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
ICB - DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA GERAL |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMG instname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) instacron:UFMG |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) |
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UFMG |
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UFMG |
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Repositório Institucional da UFMG |
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