Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFMG |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03114 http://hdl.handle.net/1843/56339 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-6187 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-1934 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-2817 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-1186 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4206-0904 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-6933 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-6356 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-8192 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-5666 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5257-5314 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1441-6280 |
Resumo: | Cryptococcus species are responsible for important systemic mycosis and are estimated to cause millions of new cases annually. The available therapy is limited due to the high toxicity and the increasing rates of yeast resistance to antifungal drugs. Popularly known as “sucará,” Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) is a native plant from Brazil with little information on its pharmacological potential. In this work, we evaluated in vitro anticryptococcal effects of the leaf ethanolic extract of X. prockia and its fractions against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans. We also evaluated phenotypic alterations caused by ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (chosen according to its biological results). The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of EAF demonstrated the presence of phenolic metabolites that belong to three structurally related groups as majority compounds: caffeoylquinic acid, coumaroyl-glucoside, and caffeoyl-glucoside/deoxyhexosyl-caffeoyl glucoside derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against C. gattii and C. neoformans ranged from 8 to 64 mg/L and from 0.5 to 8 mg/L, for ethanolic extract and EAF, respectively. The EAF triggered an oxidative burst and promoted lipid peroxidation. EAF also induced a reduction of ergosterol content in the pathogen cell membrane. These effects were not associated with alterations in the cell surface charge or in the thermodynamic fingerprint of the molecular interaction between EAF and the yeasts evaluated. Cytotoxic experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that EAF was more selective for yeasts than was PBMCs. The results may provide evidence that X. prockia leaf extract might indeed be a potential source of antifungal agents. |
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2023-07-14T22:50:34Z2023-07-14T22:50:34Z202010https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.031141664-302Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/1843/56339https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-6187https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-1934https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-2817https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-1186https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4206-0904https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-6933https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-6356https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-8192https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-5666https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5257-5314https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1441-6280Cryptococcus species are responsible for important systemic mycosis and are estimated to cause millions of new cases annually. The available therapy is limited due to the high toxicity and the increasing rates of yeast resistance to antifungal drugs. Popularly known as “sucará,” Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) is a native plant from Brazil with little information on its pharmacological potential. In this work, we evaluated in vitro anticryptococcal effects of the leaf ethanolic extract of X. prockia and its fractions against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans. We also evaluated phenotypic alterations caused by ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (chosen according to its biological results). The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of EAF demonstrated the presence of phenolic metabolites that belong to three structurally related groups as majority compounds: caffeoylquinic acid, coumaroyl-glucoside, and caffeoyl-glucoside/deoxyhexosyl-caffeoyl glucoside derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against C. gattii and C. neoformans ranged from 8 to 64 mg/L and from 0.5 to 8 mg/L, for ethanolic extract and EAF, respectively. The EAF triggered an oxidative burst and promoted lipid peroxidation. EAF also induced a reduction of ergosterol content in the pathogen cell membrane. These effects were not associated with alterations in the cell surface charge or in the thermodynamic fingerprint of the molecular interaction between EAF and the yeasts evaluated. Cytotoxic experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that EAF was more selective for yeasts than was PBMCs. The results may provide evidence that X. prockia leaf extract might indeed be a potential source of antifungal agents.Espécies de Cryptococcus são responsáveis por importantes micoses sistêmicas e estima-se que causem milhões de novos casos anualmente. A terapia disponível é limitada devido à alta toxicidade e às crescentes taxas de resistência das leveduras aos antifúngicos. Popularmente conhecida como “sucará”, Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) é uma planta nativa do Brasil com poucas informações sobre seu potencial farmacológico. Neste trabalho, avaliamos os efeitos anticriptocócicos in vitro do extrato etanólico da folha de X. prockia e suas frações contra Cryptococcus gattii e Cryptococcus neoformans. Também avaliamos as alterações fenotípicas causadas pela fração acetato de etila (EAF) (escolhida de acordo com seus resultados biológicos). A análise de cromatografia líquida-espectrometria de massa (LC-MS) de EAF demonstrou a presença de metabólitos fenólicos que pertencem a três grupos estruturalmente relacionados como compostos majoritários: ácido cafeoilquínico, cumaroil-glucosídeo e derivados de cafeoil-glicosídeo/desoxihexosil-cafeoil glicosídeo. Os valores de concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) contra C. gattii e C. neoformans variaram de 8 a 64 mg/L e de 0,5 a 8 mg/L, para extrato etanólico e EAF, respectivamente. O EAF desencadeou uma explosão oxidativa e promoveu a peroxidação lipídica. O EAF também induziu uma redução do conteúdo de ergosterol na membrana celular do patógeno. Esses efeitos não foram associados a alterações na carga da superfície celular ou na impressão digital termodinâmica da interação molecular entre EAF e as leveduras avaliadas. Experimentos citotóxicos com células mononucleares de sangue periférico (PBMCs) demonstraram que EAF foi mais seletivo para leveduras do que PBMCs. Os resultados podem fornecer evidências de que o extrato da folha de X. prockia pode de fato ser uma fonte potencial de agentes antifúngicos.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisengUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisUFMGBrasilICB - DEPARTAMENTO DE MICROBIOLOGIAFrontiers in MicrobiologyCryptococcus gattiiCryptococcus neoformansSalicaceaeAntifúngicosProdutos biológicosBiodiversidadeCryptococcus sppXylosma prockiaAntifungal agentsNatural productsBiodiversityEvaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus sppAvaliação da atividade antifúngica in vitro que Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) deixa contra Cryptococcus spp.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03114/fullMariany Lopes da Costa FollyGabriella Freitas FerreiraMaiara Rodrigues SalvadorAna A. SathlerGuilherme F. da SilvaJoice Castelo Branco SantosJulliana Ribeiro Alves SantosWallace Ribeiro Nunes NetoJoão Francisco Silva RodriguesElizabeth Soares FernandesLuís Cláudio Nascimento da SilvaGustavo José Cota de FreitasÂngelo Márcio Leite DenadaiIvanildes V. RodriguesLeonardo M. MendonçaAndrea Souza MonteiroDaniel Assis SantosGabriela M. CabreraGastón Ezequiel SilessKaren Luise Langapplication/pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGLICENSELicense.txtLicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82042https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/56339/1/License.txtfa505098d172de0bc8864fc1287ffe22MD51ORIGINALEvaluation of in vitro Antifungal Activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) Leaves Against Cryptococcus spp.pdfEvaluation of in vitro Antifungal Activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) Leaves Against Cryptococcus spp.pdfapplication/pdf4003018https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/56339/2/Evaluation%20of%20in%20vitro%20Antifungal%20Activity%20of%20Xylosma%20prockia%20%28Turcz.%29%20Turcz.%20%28Salicaceae%29%20Leaves%20Against%20Cryptococcus%20spp.pdfab716cc57a27fa2e9cb65f7a5a9ae1feMD521843/563392023-07-14 19:50:34.468oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-07-14T22:50:34Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp |
dc.title.alternative.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Avaliação da atividade antifúngica in vitro que Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) deixa contra Cryptococcus spp. |
title |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp |
spellingShingle |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp Mariany Lopes da Costa Folly Cryptococcus spp Xylosma prockia Antifungal agents Natural products Biodiversity Cryptococcus gattii Cryptococcus neoformans Salicaceae Antifúngicos Produtos biológicos Biodiversidade |
title_short |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp |
title_full |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp |
title_sort |
Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) leaves against Cryptococcus spp |
author |
Mariany Lopes da Costa Folly |
author_facet |
Mariany Lopes da Costa Folly Gabriella Freitas Ferreira Maiara Rodrigues Salvador Ana A. Sathler Guilherme F. da Silva Joice Castelo Branco Santos Julliana Ribeiro Alves Santos Wallace Ribeiro Nunes Neto João Francisco Silva Rodrigues Elizabeth Soares Fernandes Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva Gustavo José Cota de Freitas Ângelo Márcio Leite Denadai Ivanildes V. Rodrigues Leonardo M. Mendonça Andrea Souza Monteiro Daniel Assis Santos Gabriela M. Cabrera Gastón Ezequiel Siless Karen Luise Lang |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Gabriella Freitas Ferreira Maiara Rodrigues Salvador Ana A. Sathler Guilherme F. da Silva Joice Castelo Branco Santos Julliana Ribeiro Alves Santos Wallace Ribeiro Nunes Neto João Francisco Silva Rodrigues Elizabeth Soares Fernandes Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva Gustavo José Cota de Freitas Ângelo Márcio Leite Denadai Ivanildes V. Rodrigues Leonardo M. Mendonça Andrea Souza Monteiro Daniel Assis Santos Gabriela M. Cabrera Gastón Ezequiel Siless Karen Luise Lang |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Mariany Lopes da Costa Folly Gabriella Freitas Ferreira Maiara Rodrigues Salvador Ana A. Sathler Guilherme F. da Silva Joice Castelo Branco Santos Julliana Ribeiro Alves Santos Wallace Ribeiro Nunes Neto João Francisco Silva Rodrigues Elizabeth Soares Fernandes Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva Gustavo José Cota de Freitas Ângelo Márcio Leite Denadai Ivanildes V. Rodrigues Leonardo M. Mendonça Andrea Souza Monteiro Daniel Assis Santos Gabriela M. Cabrera Gastón Ezequiel Siless Karen Luise Lang |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Cryptococcus spp Xylosma prockia Antifungal agents Natural products Biodiversity |
topic |
Cryptococcus spp Xylosma prockia Antifungal agents Natural products Biodiversity Cryptococcus gattii Cryptococcus neoformans Salicaceae Antifúngicos Produtos biológicos Biodiversidade |
dc.subject.other.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Cryptococcus gattii Cryptococcus neoformans Salicaceae Antifúngicos Produtos biológicos Biodiversidade |
description |
Cryptococcus species are responsible for important systemic mycosis and are estimated to cause millions of new cases annually. The available therapy is limited due to the high toxicity and the increasing rates of yeast resistance to antifungal drugs. Popularly known as “sucará,” Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) is a native plant from Brazil with little information on its pharmacological potential. In this work, we evaluated in vitro anticryptococcal effects of the leaf ethanolic extract of X. prockia and its fractions against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans. We also evaluated phenotypic alterations caused by ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (chosen according to its biological results). The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of EAF demonstrated the presence of phenolic metabolites that belong to three structurally related groups as majority compounds: caffeoylquinic acid, coumaroyl-glucoside, and caffeoyl-glucoside/deoxyhexosyl-caffeoyl glucoside derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against C. gattii and C. neoformans ranged from 8 to 64 mg/L and from 0.5 to 8 mg/L, for ethanolic extract and EAF, respectively. The EAF triggered an oxidative burst and promoted lipid peroxidation. EAF also induced a reduction of ergosterol content in the pathogen cell membrane. These effects were not associated with alterations in the cell surface charge or in the thermodynamic fingerprint of the molecular interaction between EAF and the yeasts evaluated. Cytotoxic experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that EAF was more selective for yeasts than was PBMCs. The results may provide evidence that X. prockia leaf extract might indeed be a potential source of antifungal agents. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-14T22:50:34Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-14T22:50:34Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/56339 |
dc.identifier.doi.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03114 |
dc.identifier.issn.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
1664-302X |
dc.identifier.orcid.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-6187 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-1934 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-2817 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-1186 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4206-0904 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-6933 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-6356 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-8192 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-5666 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5257-5314 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1441-6280 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03114 http://hdl.handle.net/1843/56339 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-6187 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-1934 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-2817 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-1186 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4206-0904 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-6933 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-6356 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-8192 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-5666 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5257-5314 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1441-6280 |
identifier_str_mv |
1664-302X |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
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eng |
dc.relation.ispartof.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
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UFMG |
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Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
ICB - DEPARTAMENTO DE MICROBIOLOGIA |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
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