The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Stellena Mathiaparanam
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Adriana Nori de Macedo, Andrew Mente, Paul Poirier, Scott A. Lear, Andreas Wielgosz, Koon K.Teo, Salim Yusuf, Philip Britz-Mckibbin
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMG
Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132570
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/59992
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4125-3755
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8524-6314
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-755X
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-7022
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-3223
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-7675
Resumo: Outra Agência
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spelling 2023-10-24T21:58:46Z2023-10-24T21:58:46Z202214132570https://doi.org/10.3390/nu141325702072-6643http://hdl.handle.net/1843/59992https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4125-3755https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8524-6314https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-755Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-7022https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-3223https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-7675Outra AgênciaIodine is a trace micronutrient that is critical for normal thyroid function and human health. Inadequate dietary intake is associated with cognitive impairment, infertility, growth retardation and iodine deficiency disorders in affected populations. Herein, we examined the prevalence of iodine deficiency in adults (median age of 61 years) based on the analysis of 24 h urine samples collected from 800 participants in four clinical sites across Canada in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. Urinary iodide together with thiocyanate and nitrate were measured using a validated capillary electrophoresis assay. Protective/risk factors associated with iodine deficiency were identified using a binary logistic regression model, whereas daily urinary iodine concentration (24 h UIC, μg/L) and urinary iodine excretion (24 h UIE, μg/day) were compared using complementary statistical methods with covariate adjustments. Overall, our Canadian adult cohort had adequate iodine status as reflected by a median UIC of 111 μg/L with 11.9% of the population <50 μg/L categorized as having moderate to severe iodine deficiency. Iodine adequacy was also evident with a median 24 h UIE of 226 μg/day as a more robust metric of iodine status with an estimated average requirement (EAR) of 7.1% (< 95 μg/day) and a tolerable upper level (UL) of 1.8% (≥1100 μg/day) based on Canadian dietary reference intake values. Participants taking iodine supplements (OR = 0.18; p = 6.35 × 10−5), had greater 24 h urine volume (OR = 0.69; p = 4.07 × 10−4), excreted higher daily urinary sodium (OR = 0.71; p = 3.03 × 10−5), and/or were prescribed thyroxine (OR = 0.33; p = 1.20 × 10−2) had lower risk for iodine deficiency. Self-reported intake of dairy products was most strongly associated with iodine status (r = 0.24; p = 2.38 × 10−9) after excluding for iodine supplementation and T4 use. Participants residing in Quebec City (OR = 2.58; p = 1.74 × 10−4) and Vancouver (OR = 2.54; p = 3.57 × 10−4) were more susceptible to iodine deficiency than Hamilton or Ottawa. Also, greater exposure to abundant iodine uptake inhibitors from tobacco smoking and intake of specific goitrogenic foods corresponded to elevated urinary thiocyanate and nitrate, which were found for residents from Quebec City as compared to other clinical sites. Recent public health policies that advocate for salt restriction and lower dairy intake may inadvertently reduce iodine nutrition of Canadians, and further exacerbate regional variations in iodine deficiency risk.engUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisUFMGBrasilICX - DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICANutrientsDeficiência de iodoIodoNutriçãoMinerais na nutriçãoEpidemiologia - PesquisaIodo - AnáliseUrina - AnáliseUrina - ExameCanadaTicionatosIodine deficiencyIodine deficiency disordersUrinary iodine concentrationUrinary iodine excretionNutritionDietary intakeEpidemiological studiesIodine uptake inhibitorsThe prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adultsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/13/2570Stellena MathiaparanamAdriana Nori de MacedoAndrew MentePaul PoirierScott A. LearAndreas WielgoszKoon K.TeoSalim YusufPhilip Britz-Mckibbinapplication/pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGLICENSELicense.txtLicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82042https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/59992/1/License.txtfa505098d172de0bc8864fc1287ffe22MD51ORIGINALThe prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults.pdfThe prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults.pdfapplication/pdf1583316https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/59992/2/The%20prevalence%20and%20risk%20factors%20associated%20with%20iodine%20deficiency%20in%20canadian%20adults.pdfe5ca30782b8fd1ecd482b4f5550d0f17MD521843/599922023-10-24 18:58:46.686oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-10-24T21:58:46Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
title The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
spellingShingle The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
Stellena Mathiaparanam
Iodine deficiency
Iodine deficiency disorders
Urinary iodine concentration
Urinary iodine excretion
Nutrition
Dietary intake
Epidemiological studies
Iodine uptake inhibitors
Deficiência de iodo
Iodo
Nutrição
Minerais na nutrição
Epidemiologia - Pesquisa
Iodo - Análise
Urina - Análise
Urina - Exame
Canada
Ticionatos
title_short The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
title_full The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
title_fullStr The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
title_full_unstemmed The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
title_sort The prevalence and risk factors associated with iodine deficiency in canadian adults
author Stellena Mathiaparanam
author_facet Stellena Mathiaparanam
Adriana Nori de Macedo
Andrew Mente
Paul Poirier
Scott A. Lear
Andreas Wielgosz
Koon K.Teo
Salim Yusuf
Philip Britz-Mckibbin
author_role author
author2 Adriana Nori de Macedo
Andrew Mente
Paul Poirier
Scott A. Lear
Andreas Wielgosz
Koon K.Teo
Salim Yusuf
Philip Britz-Mckibbin
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Stellena Mathiaparanam
Adriana Nori de Macedo
Andrew Mente
Paul Poirier
Scott A. Lear
Andreas Wielgosz
Koon K.Teo
Salim Yusuf
Philip Britz-Mckibbin
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Iodine deficiency
Iodine deficiency disorders
Urinary iodine concentration
Urinary iodine excretion
Nutrition
Dietary intake
Epidemiological studies
Iodine uptake inhibitors
topic Iodine deficiency
Iodine deficiency disorders
Urinary iodine concentration
Urinary iodine excretion
Nutrition
Dietary intake
Epidemiological studies
Iodine uptake inhibitors
Deficiência de iodo
Iodo
Nutrição
Minerais na nutrição
Epidemiologia - Pesquisa
Iodo - Análise
Urina - Análise
Urina - Exame
Canada
Ticionatos
dc.subject.other.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Deficiência de iodo
Iodo
Nutrição
Minerais na nutrição
Epidemiologia - Pesquisa
Iodo - Análise
Urina - Análise
Urina - Exame
Canada
Ticionatos
description Outra Agência
publishDate 2022
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2023-10-24T21:58:46Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2023-10-24T21:58:46Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/1843/59992
dc.identifier.doi.pt_BR.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132570
dc.identifier.issn.pt_BR.fl_str_mv 2072-6643
dc.identifier.orcid.pt_BR.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4125-3755
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8524-6314
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-755X
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-7022
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-3223
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-7675
url https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132570
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/59992
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4125-3755
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8524-6314
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-755X
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-7022
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-3223
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-7675
identifier_str_mv 2072-6643
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.ispartof.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Nutrients
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv UFMG
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv Brasil
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv ICX - DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICA
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMG
instname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
instacron:UFMG
instname_str Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
instacron_str UFMG
institution UFMG
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UFMG
collection Repositório Institucional da UFMG
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/59992/1/License.txt
https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/59992/2/The%20prevalence%20and%20risk%20factors%20associated%20with%20iodine%20deficiency%20in%20canadian%20adults.pdf
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