Transtornos afetivos e do humor : efeitos promissores de moléculas orgânicas contendo selênio

• Autor(a) principal: Ramalho, Douglas Lisboa
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Monografias da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://bdm.ufmt.br/handle/1/2784
• topic: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA; Selênio; Estresse; Ansiedade; Depressão; Bipolaridade; Neuroinflamação; Selenium; Stress; Anxiety; Depression; Bipolarity; Neuroinflamation

The present work is a non-systematic, qualitative and exploratory review about organic containing-selenium compounds with pharmacological action in neuropsychiatric diseases, particularly affective and mood disorders. The methodology involved searching the keywords selenium, stress, anxiety, depression, bipolarity and neuroinflammation, in English and Portuguese, together or isolated, in periodic CAPES, Scielo and PubMed, selecting articles published between 2000 and 2021. Subsequently, the bibliography was expanded, taking into account some of the bibliographical references found and their relevance to this topic. Selenium is an essential mineral that is associated with the correct functioning of the main cellular and metabolic processes. In vitro and in vivo studies using different experimental models have demonstrated the beneficial effect of selenium molecules on the expression and secretion of inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. The interaction of organic compounds containing selenium in relation to inflammation biomarkers seems to follow several metabolic pathways, with different pharmacological actions being observed for a variety of classes, such as antihypertensive, antitumor, antiviral, immunosuppressive, antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, neuroprotective, anxiolytic and antidepressant. Currently, the special interest of compounds has been growing considerably in the field of mental health, since preclinical studies propose their capacity for modulating action on the serotonergic, dopaminergic and GABAergic systems, and neurogenesis, reinforcing the therapeutic potential in treatments of neuropsychiatric pathologies such as anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD). The detailed actions of each class of molecules are highlighted in the exploratory data of this review. Although more studies are necessary to better elucidate how organic molecules containing selenium can influence symptoms related to neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as their toxicity, which limits the development of clinical studies, promising preclinical investigations are currently in progress. Together, data collected by this review research suggest organoselenium molecules, mainly two of them: ebselen and diphenyl diselenide, are promising targets for the study and development of novel pharmacological strategies for the treatment of affective and mood disorders.