Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFMT |
Texto Completo: | http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/4791 |
Resumo: | Desiccation of soybean crops has been used, in some situations, to homogenize maturation, as well as to accelerate the senescence of plants and the natural drying process of the grains, thus enabling mechanized harvesting with reduced losses due to unevenness or due to weather, also reducing the crop cycle. Due to the lack of knowledge or the imminence of unstable climatic periods, which make harvesting impossible, some producers carry out desiccation in stages earlier than recommended (R7), which can lead to qualitative losses in the grains. Thus, it was evaluated the influence of desiccant’s application at different stages of maturation of soybeans on the physiological, physical and chemical qualities of the beans. Experiment area was installed in Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Sinop (MT), in 2018/2019 crop, with the cultivars BRS 7980 and M8372 IPRO, in a randomized block design, with four replications. Cultural treatments were carried out as recommended for the culture, but desiccation. For each cultivar evaluated, desiccation occurred in five phenological stages (R5.5, R6, R7.1 R7.3, R8.1), using the desiccant (Paraquat). After mechanized harvesting, beans were dried, cleaned and classified. Then, tests of germination rate, electrical conductivity, apparent specific mass, mass of a thousand grains and components of centesimal composition (crude fiber, ether extract, protein, ash and water) were accomplished. Carbohydrate content was determined by the difference between the grain mass and the sum of the analyzed components. The electrical conductivity to cultivate BRS 7980 showed lower values in stages R6, R7.1 and R7.3, compared to the others. As for the cultivar M8372 IPRO, its results did not differ statistically. Germination rate showed higher values in stages R6 and R7.1 to cultivate BRS 7980 and in stages R6, R7.1 and R7.3 to cultivate M8372 IPRO. For cultivars BRS 7980 and M8372 IPRO, there were a gradual reduction in bulk density and a gradual increase in mass of one thousand grains as the phenological stages advanced. Generally, color only varied in intensity (Cr) for the cultivar BRS 7980 in stages R7.1, R7.3 and R9. For the cultivar BRS 7980, there was no difference between the phenological stages for the content of crude fiber, protein, ash, water and carbohydrates. Ether extract content was lower in the R5.5 stage, in relation to the others evaluated. M8372 IPRO cultivar did not show variation for the contents: ash, water and carbohydrates. Ether extract content, as for the cultivar BRS 7980, was lower at stage 5.5, but it was possible to highlight the stage with the highest content of this component: R8.1. However, the highest protein content was observed at the R6 stage in relation to the other stages. |
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Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de sojaGlycine max L.MerrillPropriedades físicasMaturação fisiológicaPós-colheitaCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIAGlycine maxPhysical propertiesMaturationPost harvestDesiccation of soybean crops has been used, in some situations, to homogenize maturation, as well as to accelerate the senescence of plants and the natural drying process of the grains, thus enabling mechanized harvesting with reduced losses due to unevenness or due to weather, also reducing the crop cycle. Due to the lack of knowledge or the imminence of unstable climatic periods, which make harvesting impossible, some producers carry out desiccation in stages earlier than recommended (R7), which can lead to qualitative losses in the grains. Thus, it was evaluated the influence of desiccant’s application at different stages of maturation of soybeans on the physiological, physical and chemical qualities of the beans. Experiment area was installed in Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Sinop (MT), in 2018/2019 crop, with the cultivars BRS 7980 and M8372 IPRO, in a randomized block design, with four replications. Cultural treatments were carried out as recommended for the culture, but desiccation. For each cultivar evaluated, desiccation occurred in five phenological stages (R5.5, R6, R7.1 R7.3, R8.1), using the desiccant (Paraquat). After mechanized harvesting, beans were dried, cleaned and classified. Then, tests of germination rate, electrical conductivity, apparent specific mass, mass of a thousand grains and components of centesimal composition (crude fiber, ether extract, protein, ash and water) were accomplished. Carbohydrate content was determined by the difference between the grain mass and the sum of the analyzed components. The electrical conductivity to cultivate BRS 7980 showed lower values in stages R6, R7.1 and R7.3, compared to the others. As for the cultivar M8372 IPRO, its results did not differ statistically. Germination rate showed higher values in stages R6 and R7.1 to cultivate BRS 7980 and in stages R6, R7.1 and R7.3 to cultivate M8372 IPRO. For cultivars BRS 7980 and M8372 IPRO, there were a gradual reduction in bulk density and a gradual increase in mass of one thousand grains as the phenological stages advanced. Generally, color only varied in intensity (Cr) for the cultivar BRS 7980 in stages R7.1, R7.3 and R9. For the cultivar BRS 7980, there was no difference between the phenological stages for the content of crude fiber, protein, ash, water and carbohydrates. Ether extract content was lower in the R5.5 stage, in relation to the others evaluated. M8372 IPRO cultivar did not show variation for the contents: ash, water and carbohydrates. Ether extract content, as for the cultivar BRS 7980, was lower at stage 5.5, but it was possible to highlight the stage with the highest content of this component: R8.1. However, the highest protein content was observed at the R6 stage in relation to the other stages.CAPESA dessecação de lavouras de soja tem sido utilizada, em algumas situações, para acelerar a senescência das plantas e o processo de secagem natural dos grãos, possibilitando, assim, escalonar e condicionar a cultura à colheita mecanizada com menor índice de perdas. Por desconhecimento ou na iminência de períodos climáticos instáveis que impossibilitem a colheita, alguns produtores realizam a dessecação em estádios anteriores ao recomendado (R7), o que pode acarretar perdas qualitativas nos grãos. Dessa forma, buscou-se avaliar a influência da aplicação de dessecante em diferentes estádios de maturação dos grãos de soja nas qualidades fisiológicas, físicas e químicas dos grãos. O experimento foi instalado na área experimental da Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Sinop (MT), na safra 2018/2019, com as cultivares BRS 7980 e M8372 IPRO, em um delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x6 (2 cultivares x 6 épocas de dessecação), com quatro repetições. Os tratos culturais foram realizados conforme o recomendado para a cultura, à exceção da dessecação. Para cada cultivar avaliada, a dessecação ocorreu em cinco estádios fenológicos (R5.5, R6, R7.1 R7.3, R8.1), utilizando-se o dessecante Diquate. Após a colheita mecanizada, os grãos foram secos, limpos e classificados. Em seguida, foram realizados testes de germinação, condutividade elétricas da solução com exsudados dos grãos, massa especifica aparente, massa de mil grãos, cor (croma e hue) e composição centesimal (fibra bruta, extrato etéreo, proteína, cinzas, carboidratos e água). Observou-se que a condutividade elétrica da cultivar BRS 7980 apresentou menores valores nos estádios R6, R7.1 e R7.3, comparativamente aos demais e não diferiram entre os estádios avaliados para acultivar M8372 IPRO. A taxa de germinação apresentou maiores valores nos estádios R6 e R7.1 para cultivar BRS 7980 e nos estádios R6, R7.1 e R7.3 para cultivar M8372 IPRO. As cultivares BRS 7980 e M8372 IPRO apresentaram redução gradativa da massa específica aparente e aumento gradual de massa de mil grãos à medida que se avançaram os estádios fenológicos. De modo geral, a cor não variou ou não mostrou tendência alguma à medida que se avançaram os estádios fenológicos para as duas cultivares. Para a cultivar BRS 7980 não houve diferença entre os estádios fenológicos para o teor de fibra bruta, proteína, cinzas, água e carboidratos. O teor de extrato etéreo foi menor no estádio R5.5, em relação aos demais avaliados. Quanto à cultivar M8372 IPRO, não houve variação dos teores de cinzas, água e carboidratos. O teor de extrato etéreo, assim como para a cultivar BRS 7980, foi menor no estádio 5.5, porém foi possível destacar o estádio com maior teor deste componente (estádio R8.1). O teor de proteínas mais elevado foi observado no estádio R6 em relação aos demais estádios.Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrasilInstituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais (ICAA) – SinopUFMT CUS - SinopPrograma de Pós-Graduação em AgronomiaBotelho, Fernando Mendeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7043270039396151Botelho, Fernando Mendes013.108.716-98http://lattes.cnpq.br/7043270039396151Botelho, Silvia de Carvalho Campos051.147.696-50http://lattes.cnpq.br/2737299121720299013.108.716-98Ramos Junior, Edison Ulisses267.585.178-70http://lattes.cnpq.br/4237290291197996Schopf, Pedro Alexandre2023-10-19T17:37:32Z2021-01-262023-10-19T17:37:32Z2020-12-07info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisSCHOPF, Pedro Alexandre. Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja. 2020. 44 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Sinop, 2020.http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/4791porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMTinstname:Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)instacron:UFMT2023-10-20T07:01:17Zoai:localhost:1/4791Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://ri.ufmt.br/oai/requestjordanbiblio@gmail.comopendoar:2023-10-20T07:01:17Repositório Institucional da UFMT - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja |
title |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja |
spellingShingle |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja Schopf, Pedro Alexandre Glycine max L.Merrill Propriedades físicas Maturação fisiológica Pós-colheita CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Glycine max Physical properties Maturation Post harvest |
title_short |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja |
title_full |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja |
title_fullStr |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja |
title_full_unstemmed |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja |
title_sort |
Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja |
author |
Schopf, Pedro Alexandre |
author_facet |
Schopf, Pedro Alexandre |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Botelho, Fernando Mendes http://lattes.cnpq.br/7043270039396151 Botelho, Fernando Mendes 013.108.716-98 http://lattes.cnpq.br/7043270039396151 Botelho, Silvia de Carvalho Campos 051.147.696-50 http://lattes.cnpq.br/2737299121720299 013.108.716-98 Ramos Junior, Edison Ulisses 267.585.178-70 http://lattes.cnpq.br/4237290291197996 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Schopf, Pedro Alexandre |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Glycine max L.Merrill Propriedades físicas Maturação fisiológica Pós-colheita CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Glycine max Physical properties Maturation Post harvest |
topic |
Glycine max L.Merrill Propriedades físicas Maturação fisiológica Pós-colheita CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Glycine max Physical properties Maturation Post harvest |
description |
Desiccation of soybean crops has been used, in some situations, to homogenize maturation, as well as to accelerate the senescence of plants and the natural drying process of the grains, thus enabling mechanized harvesting with reduced losses due to unevenness or due to weather, also reducing the crop cycle. Due to the lack of knowledge or the imminence of unstable climatic periods, which make harvesting impossible, some producers carry out desiccation in stages earlier than recommended (R7), which can lead to qualitative losses in the grains. Thus, it was evaluated the influence of desiccant’s application at different stages of maturation of soybeans on the physiological, physical and chemical qualities of the beans. Experiment area was installed in Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Sinop (MT), in 2018/2019 crop, with the cultivars BRS 7980 and M8372 IPRO, in a randomized block design, with four replications. Cultural treatments were carried out as recommended for the culture, but desiccation. For each cultivar evaluated, desiccation occurred in five phenological stages (R5.5, R6, R7.1 R7.3, R8.1), using the desiccant (Paraquat). After mechanized harvesting, beans were dried, cleaned and classified. Then, tests of germination rate, electrical conductivity, apparent specific mass, mass of a thousand grains and components of centesimal composition (crude fiber, ether extract, protein, ash and water) were accomplished. Carbohydrate content was determined by the difference between the grain mass and the sum of the analyzed components. The electrical conductivity to cultivate BRS 7980 showed lower values in stages R6, R7.1 and R7.3, compared to the others. As for the cultivar M8372 IPRO, its results did not differ statistically. Germination rate showed higher values in stages R6 and R7.1 to cultivate BRS 7980 and in stages R6, R7.1 and R7.3 to cultivate M8372 IPRO. For cultivars BRS 7980 and M8372 IPRO, there were a gradual reduction in bulk density and a gradual increase in mass of one thousand grains as the phenological stages advanced. Generally, color only varied in intensity (Cr) for the cultivar BRS 7980 in stages R7.1, R7.3 and R9. For the cultivar BRS 7980, there was no difference between the phenological stages for the content of crude fiber, protein, ash, water and carbohydrates. Ether extract content was lower in the R5.5 stage, in relation to the others evaluated. M8372 IPRO cultivar did not show variation for the contents: ash, water and carbohydrates. Ether extract content, as for the cultivar BRS 7980, was lower at stage 5.5, but it was possible to highlight the stage with the highest content of this component: R8.1. However, the highest protein content was observed at the R6 stage in relation to the other stages. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-12-07 2021-01-26 2023-10-19T17:37:32Z 2023-10-19T17:37:32Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
SCHOPF, Pedro Alexandre. Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja. 2020. 44 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Sinop, 2020. http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/4791 |
identifier_str_mv |
SCHOPF, Pedro Alexandre. Épocas de dessecação na qualidade pós-colheita de grãos de soja. 2020. 44 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Sinop, 2020. |
url |
http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/4791 |
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por |
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por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Brasil Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais (ICAA) – Sinop UFMT CUS - Sinop Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Brasil Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais (ICAA) – Sinop UFMT CUS - Sinop Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia |
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reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMT instname:Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) instacron:UFMT |
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Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) |
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UFMT |
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UFMT |
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Repositório Institucional da UFMT - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) |
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jordanbiblio@gmail.com |
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