Percepção de fatores de risco ambientais e comportamentais de quedas de idosos

• Autor(a) principal: Blaz, Bruna Soares Vasques
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/3723
• topic: Percepção; Fatores de risco; Quedas; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM; Perception; Risk factors; Falls

ABSTRACT: The increase of the elderly population brings to the fore the discussion of disabling events, of which falls are highlighted. In this context, the perception of risk is based on the person's interpretation of the risks, based on the set of beliefs, values and life experiences that give meaning to each of the dangerous events. Thus, knowing the perception that the elderly have in relation to risk factors for falls is a relevant element to prevent falls. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perception that the elderly have about environmental and behavioral risk factors for falls. METHOD: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. The study population consists of 306 elderly people enrolled in the Healthy Longevity Program (PLS) of UFMT and the nonprobabilistic convenience-type sample with 190 elderly. Elderly patients aged 60 and over who did not present cognitive alteration after Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) or speech and language alterations were included. Data collection was carried out from May to August 2016 through the application of validated questionnaires and scales using the techniques of structured interview and vignette by images. The data were organized into a database with double typing. The dependent variable of the study is the perception of the elderly in relation to environmental and behavioral risk factors for falls, and the independent variables are the sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and falls. Descriptive, bivariate analysis and multiple analysis were performed by the Poisson Regression method to identify the factors associated with PR of falls. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Júlio Muller, opinion nº. 1.375.300/2015. RESULTS: Of the 190 elderly people surveyed, the majority (90.5%) were female, aged 60-69 years (67.3%), had more than 11 years of study (58.9%), another social group besides PLS (57.4%), exercising (59.5%), did not fall in the last 12 months (78.4%), had low risk for falls (52.1%) and had little concern In fall (59.5%). The elderly pointed beyond the environmental and behavioral factors for the occurrence of falls, the intrinsic ones. The prevalence of satisfactory PR of fall risk factors was 64.2% and 35.8% of PR unsatisfactory. There was a significant association of the unsatisfactory PR variable with the following variables: monthly income (p=0.006, PR=2.05), risk of falls (p=0.008, PR=1.75) and another social group besides PLS (p=0.042, PR=1.46), adjusted for gender, age and sensory problems. CONCLUSION: This result has important implications for the planning and implementation of programs for the prevention of falls in the elderly, especially in those with poor PR due to being more exposed to risk factors for falls and, therefore, a higher risk of falls.