Características do trabalho e estresse ocupacional entre enfermeiros no modelo clínico hospitalar

• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Roseany Patricia da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/4935
• topic: Estresse ocupacional; Enfermagem; Serviços hospitalares; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM; Occupational stress; Nursing; Hospital services

ABSTRACT: Work plays an important role in the social life of individuals, as well as being a means of growth and building personal identity. Different approaches have been developed to evaluate the impact of high demand and control over nursing work, among which Karasek Demand versus Control theory stands out. The imbalance between psychological demands and control can lead to work overload, loss of skills and interest and may result in occupational stress. The objective of this study was to characterize the work condition and to identify, through a specific instrument, the level of stress of nurses, through the relation between psychological demand and control over work, and to evaluate social support as a factor to protect the effects presumed of the demand / control relationship, in a federal public teaching hospital, in Cuiabá-MT. This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design and a quantitative data approach, the sample of which was composed of full-time and in-service nurses in the nursing division of the referred hospital. Data collection took place in the first half of 2017, where two instruments were applied, the sociodemographic and professional questionnaire followed by the work stress scale, validated for Brasil (Job Stress Scale). The project was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research with Human Beings, with the opinion 252/2016. Data were tabulated and analyzed using absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies. Among the 85 nurses, 75 (88,3%) are female; 42 (49,4%) reported living with a partner. Age ranged from 24 to 55 years, with the mean age of 31 years (10,6%). Total of 48 (56%) reported having children. As to employment, 68 (80%) said they had only one, followed by 16 (18,8%) with two ties, and only one worker reported three links. Regarding the level of education, 66 (77,6%) reported having at least one specialization in the health area and only 13 (15.3%) have a master's degree. Regarding the health profile at work, 17 (20%) of the total state that they have some chronic disease; nine (10,6%) reported having suffered some type of work accident; and six (7,1%) reported having occupational disease, the most frequently cited being repetitive strain injuries (RSI). Of the 85 nurses, 37 (43,5%) were classified more expressively in the B2 economic classification. Regarding the demand and control characteristics, there was a prevalence of workers with a high labor demand (62,2%) and high control (60%), which in general characterized active work. Social support was high, with 48 (52,2%) among workers. It should be considered that the results bring relevant contributions, because to characterize the working conditions through the prognosticators that define the relation demand, control and social support, allows the managers and the workers themselves to seek measures to soften them and, thus improve the quality of life at work and patient care.