NANOCÁPSULAS DE SINVASTATINA REVERTE DEFICIT DE MEMÓRIA EM RATOS

• Autor(a) principal: Guerino, Bruna Costabeber
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional Universidade Franciscana
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:8080/handle/UFN-BDTD/549
• topic: Estatinas; Cognição; Nanopartículas; Neuroproteção.; Cognition; nanoparticles; neuroprotection; statins; Biociências e Nanomateriais

The statins are drugs used to treat hypercholesterolemia because their mechanism of action is to inhibit the enzyme HMG CoA reductase what is part of cholesterol biosynthesis. Studies have shown that statins have pleiotropic effects and action in the central nervous system (CNS) simvastatin (SIN) is evaluated as a prevention strategy in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers and Parkinson’s. SIN is metabolized rapidly in the body with nonspecifically delivery to tissues. An alternative solution to these problems is to use nanocarriers that take the drugs to their target site. The nanocapsules systems are considered vectors for the administration of lipophilic substances by having a large surface area. The objective is to evaluate the effect of simvastatin nanocoated memory and type behavior anxious rats. The suspensions of simvastatin nanocapsules (NS) were produced by the interfacial deposition technique preformed polymer described by Fessi et al (1989) adapted by Venturini et al (2011). NS were characterized by dynamic light scattering (Zetasizer), Zeta potential, pH determination, drug content and encapsulation efficiency. The rats Wistar adult young (3 months, 250g-300g), midle aged (8 months, 450-500g) and adult old (12 to 13 months, 500g-700g) were from the central University vivarium Federal de Santa Maria and all procedures were performed after approval of CEUA (nº002/ 2016 protocol). First it performed a chronic treatment at the dose of 15 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg and SIN or NS rats young adults orally (v.o.) for 21 days and 30 min before testing of the inhibitory avoidance task (EI) was administered scopolamine amnesia-inducing (ESC) at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg. After this protocol was performed an acute treatment in young-adult rats with SIN or NS at a dose of 15mg/kg and 30 min before the EI test was administered i.p ESC or 75 min the other amnesic inducer ketamine (CET). The third protocol rats middle age was performed an acute treatment with SIN or NS v.o. at a dose of 15 mg/kg and the animals were evaluated for aversive memory in EI. In the last protocol adults age animal were treated chronically v.o. with SIN or NS at a dose of 15 mg/kg were evaluated in open field task, Plus Maze and EI. The results show that NS presented the particle diameter of 226.9 ± 16.4 nm, polydispersity 0.165 ± 0.04, zeta potential (mV) -8.4 ± 1.07) 6.67 ± 0.27 pH, efficiency encapsulation 77.7% and content of 85%. These parameters are in accordance with the methodology. Chronic treatment with SIN could reverse the damage caused by the ESC in memory at both doses compared to the SAL group. Acute doses of NS reverse the damage 11 caused in the memory of both the ESC and CET as compared to SAL groups. The SIN has a tendency effect not as expressive as the NS. In the acute treatment dose with NS or SIN adult-aged rats NS could be effective in reversing the natural memory loss. Since SIN had no effect. Chronic treatment with NS and SIN adults-old rats could reverse the natural loss of memory in the test of EI. There was no significant difference in locomotor and exploratory activity of animals. The adult aged treated with NS for a longer time in the open arms in elevated cross maze and the number of dips was greater than salt and SIN, indicating an anxiolytic effect of NS. We conclude that the NS has a more significant effect on acute doses and an anxiolytic effect on chronic treatment in adults-old mice.