Prevalence and associated factors of congenital abnormalities in newborns

• Autor(a) principal: Pinto Junior, Elzo Pereira
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Outros Autores: Luz, Leandro Alves da, Guimarães, Marina Aguiar Pires, Tavares, Lívia Teixeira, Brito, Tatiana Ribeiro Santos, Souza, Gabriela Di Filippo
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por; eng
• Título da fonte: Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde
• Texto Completo: https://ojs.unifor.br/RBPS/article/view/6467
• topic: Congenital Abnormalities; Risk Factors; Newborn; Epidemiology; Health Information Systems.; Anomalías Congénitas; Factores de Riesgo; Recién Nacido; Epidemiología; Sistemas de Información en Salud.; Anomalias Congênitas; Fatores de Risco; Recém-nascido; Epidemiologia; Sistemas de Informação em Saúde.

Objective: To describe the prevalence and analyze the associated factors of congenital abnormalities in newborns (NBs). Methods: Cross-sectional study based on 33,141 Live Birth Certificates (LBCs) of babies whose mothers were living in Salvador, Bahia, in 2014. A descriptive analysis was initially performed, followed by bivariate analysis of the association between congenital abnormalities and maternal, pregnancy, and newborns characteristics, with estimation of prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). After the bivariate analysis, the multivariate logistic regression was performed. Results: The prevalence of congenital abnormalities was 1.0%, and the leading causes were conditions related to the musculoskeletal system (52.1%). The multivariate analysis evidenced higher prevalence of abnormalities in male newborns (PR=1.40; 95%CI: 1.12-1.74), with low birth weight (PR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.77-3.08) and unsatisfactory five-minute Apgar score (PR=3.34; 95%CI: 2.30-4.82), whose mothers were under 18 or over 35 years of age (PR=1.69; 95%CI: 1.17-2.43) and underwent cesarean delivery (PR=1.46; 95%CI: 1.17-1.83). Conclusion: A low prevalence of congenital abnormalities was found, and this outcome was associated with mothers at an extreme age and adverse clinical condition at birth, such as low weight and unsatisfactory Apgar score.