Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23038 |
Resumo: | The water is a fundamental element for the promotion of life and well-being, its availability is essential for the maintenance and development of populations, whether in supplying their basic needs or making economic activities viable. Factors such as population and economic growth have intensified the demand for water, as a result of this, the water issue has become increasingly relevant, especially in the face of the current context of climate change on the planet, intensifying the occurrence of extreme events, such as floods and droughts. Therefore, water resources management and conservation is fundamental and requires a greater attention from population and public managers, mainly in lands prone to water scarcity, these including the Brazilian semiarid (SAB), the driest region in the country. For this reason, historically, numerous public policies focusing on water storage, availability and distribution have been developed in the SAB. Among them are the dams policy promoted by DNOCS and SUDENE, the Projects of transfers between basins (PISF - Integration Program of the São Francisco River), policies for living with drought through Social Water Social Technologies - TSH (P1MC and the P1 + 2). However, in years of prolonged drought, these water works need to be complemented, and in view of this, the federal government's emergency program for the distribution of drinking water, Pipa Operation (OP), was created. The aim of this study is to conduct a multiscale spatial analysis, focus on the impacts of drought, the scope of this phenomenon and OP, in the first moment on macro-scale way, focusing on the states that compose the Brazilian semiarid region and Paraíba's State, and later in micro-regional scale, with the focus on Paraíba's Seridó, in order to deepen the consequences of drought, water policies and the actions of this emergency public policy in the region. The methodology of this work consisted of bibliographic analysis, documentary research, mapping and spatial analysis of information regarding to the Decrees of Emergency Situation and/or State of Public Calamity due to dry and drought, available through the S2iD platform, and from the OP, provided by the Northeast Military Command (CMNE), from 2012 to 2016. The data on wells and desalinators from the federal government, in addition to cisterns, obtained using Google Earth Pro images. According to the analyzed data, the drought was present in 1,483 municipalities in the states that are part of the SAB while the OP was present in 940 brazilian municipalities. In Paraíba’s state, the drought was present in 203 of the 223 municipalities. While OP was present in 173 municipalities in the state. Regarding to Paraíba’s Seridó, both, drought and OP. were present in all 15 municipalities that compose the region. In May 2016, 202 water tank trucks were in charge of transporting water to 1,361 supply points, responsible to attend 47,328 inhabitants, distributed throughout the region. These were supplied by 8 catchment points, composed by 7 reservoirs and a transposition channel, belonging both to the semi-arid region, as well as in others Paraíba’s regions. Regarding to TSH’s, Paraíba’s Seridó had 12,662, with plaque cisterns being the most common. The results indicate the scope of the OP, being fundamental for supply water to population. However, the perpetuation of this policy is emphasized, which, at first, was designed to be emergency. The TSH’s had a strong growth, especially the plaque type, demonstrating the importance of this policy in democratizing water access, as well as creating an important water reserve for local populations. |
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Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibanoAbastecimento de águaCarro-pipaEstiagem e secaOperação PipaSeridó paraibanoWater supplyWater tank truckDry and droughtPipa OperationParaíba’s seridóCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIASThe water is a fundamental element for the promotion of life and well-being, its availability is essential for the maintenance and development of populations, whether in supplying their basic needs or making economic activities viable. Factors such as population and economic growth have intensified the demand for water, as a result of this, the water issue has become increasingly relevant, especially in the face of the current context of climate change on the planet, intensifying the occurrence of extreme events, such as floods and droughts. Therefore, water resources management and conservation is fundamental and requires a greater attention from population and public managers, mainly in lands prone to water scarcity, these including the Brazilian semiarid (SAB), the driest region in the country. For this reason, historically, numerous public policies focusing on water storage, availability and distribution have been developed in the SAB. Among them are the dams policy promoted by DNOCS and SUDENE, the Projects of transfers between basins (PISF - Integration Program of the São Francisco River), policies for living with drought through Social Water Social Technologies - TSH (P1MC and the P1 + 2). However, in years of prolonged drought, these water works need to be complemented, and in view of this, the federal government's emergency program for the distribution of drinking water, Pipa Operation (OP), was created. The aim of this study is to conduct a multiscale spatial analysis, focus on the impacts of drought, the scope of this phenomenon and OP, in the first moment on macro-scale way, focusing on the states that compose the Brazilian semiarid region and Paraíba's State, and later in micro-regional scale, with the focus on Paraíba's Seridó, in order to deepen the consequences of drought, water policies and the actions of this emergency public policy in the region. The methodology of this work consisted of bibliographic analysis, documentary research, mapping and spatial analysis of information regarding to the Decrees of Emergency Situation and/or State of Public Calamity due to dry and drought, available through the S2iD platform, and from the OP, provided by the Northeast Military Command (CMNE), from 2012 to 2016. The data on wells and desalinators from the federal government, in addition to cisterns, obtained using Google Earth Pro images. According to the analyzed data, the drought was present in 1,483 municipalities in the states that are part of the SAB while the OP was present in 940 brazilian municipalities. In Paraíba’s state, the drought was present in 203 of the 223 municipalities. While OP was present in 173 municipalities in the state. Regarding to Paraíba’s Seridó, both, drought and OP. were present in all 15 municipalities that compose the region. In May 2016, 202 water tank trucks were in charge of transporting water to 1,361 supply points, responsible to attend 47,328 inhabitants, distributed throughout the region. These were supplied by 8 catchment points, composed by 7 reservoirs and a transposition channel, belonging both to the semi-arid region, as well as in others Paraíba’s regions. Regarding to TSH’s, Paraíba’s Seridó had 12,662, with plaque cisterns being the most common. The results indicate the scope of the OP, being fundamental for supply water to population. However, the perpetuation of this policy is emphasized, which, at first, was designed to be emergency. The TSH’s had a strong growth, especially the plaque type, demonstrating the importance of this policy in democratizing water access, as well as creating an important water reserve for local populations.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESA água é um elemento fundamental para a promoção da vida e do bem-estar, a sua disponibilidade é essencial para a manutenção e desenvolvimento das populações, seja no suprimento de suas necessidades básicas ou viabilizando as atividades econômicas. Fatores como o crescimento populacional e econômico tem intensificado a demanda por água, em função disto a questão hídrica tem se tornado cada vez mais relevante, principalmente no atual contexto de mudanças climáticas, intensificando a ocorrência de eventos extremos, como as inundações e as secas. Diante isso, a gestão e conservação dos recursos hídricos são fundamentais e necessitam de uma maior preocupação da população e dos gestores públicos, em especial nas regiões propensas à escassez hídrica, como o Semiárido brasileiro (SAB), região mais seca do país. Por isso, historicamente, inúmeras políticas públicas com enfoque no armazenamento, disponibilidade e distribuição de água foram desenvolvidas no SAB. Dentre elas, a política de açudagem promovida pelo DNOCS e SUDENE, os projetos de integração entre bacias (PISF – Programa de Integração do Rio São Francisco), as políticas de convivência com a seca por meio das Tecnologias Sociais Hídricas - TSH (P1MC e o P1+2). Entretanto, em anos de estiagem prolongada, essas obras hídricas necessitam de complementação, e diante isso, foi criado o programa emergencial de distribuição de água potável do governo federal, a Operação Pipa (OP). O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma análise espacial multiescalar, abordando os impactos da seca, a abrangência deste fenômeno e da OP, em um primeiro momento de maneira macroescalar, com enfoque nos estados que compõem o SAB e na Paraíba e, posteriormente em escala microrregional, com o enfoque no Seridó Paraibano, com o intuito de aprofundar as consequências da seca, as políticas hídricas e as ações desta política pública emergencial na região. A metodologia deste trabalho consistiu na consulta bibliográfica, documental, mapeamento e na analise espacial das informações referentes aos decretos de Situação de Emergência e/ou Estado de Calamidade Pública em razão da estiagem e da seca, disponíveis pela plataforma S2iD, da OP, fornecidas pelo Comando Militar do Nordeste (CMNE), no período de 2012 a 2016. Os dados sobre os poços e dessalinizadores, oriundos do governo federal, além das cisternas, obtidas por meio das imagens do Google Earth Pro. De acordo com os dados analisados, a seca esteve presente em 1.483 municípios dos estados que integram o SAB, já a OP esteve presente em 940 municípios brasileiros. Na Paraíba a seca esteve presente em 203 dos 223 municípios. Já a OP esteve presente em 173 municípios do estado. Com relação ao Seridó Paraibano, tanto a seca e a OP estiveram presente em todos os 15 municípios da região. Em maio de 2016, 202 carros-pipa eram responsáveis por 1.361 pontos de abastecimento, encarregados por atender 47.328 habitantes, distribuídos na região. Estes por sua vez eram abastecidos por 8 pontos de captação, sendo eles 7 açudes e um canal de transposição, pertencentes tanto à região semiárida, como também em outras regiões da Paraíba. Com relação às TSH’s, o Seridó Paraibano dispunha de 12.662, sendo as cisternas de placa as mais comuns. Os resultados indicam a abrangência da OP, sendo fundamental para o fornecimento de água para os habitantes da região. Entretanto, ressalta-se a “perenização” desta política que, a princípio, foi concebida para ser emergencial. As TSH’s tiveram um crescimento acentuado, em especial as de placa, demonstrando a importância dessa política na democratização ao acesso a água, bem como na criação de uma importante reserva hídrica para as populações locais.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilGeografiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em GeografiaUFPBVianna , Pedro Costa Guedeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7287720554802177Farias, Thiago da Silva2022-06-08T18:06:00Z2021-08-282022-06-08T18:06:00Z2021-05-28info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23038porAttribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2022-08-09T14:11:00Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/23038Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2022-08-09T14:11Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano |
title |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano |
spellingShingle |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano Farias, Thiago da Silva Abastecimento de água Carro-pipa Estiagem e seca Operação Pipa Seridó paraibano Water supply Water tank truck Dry and drought Pipa Operation Paraíba’s seridó CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS |
title_short |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano |
title_full |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano |
title_fullStr |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano |
title_full_unstemmed |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano |
title_sort |
Do macro ao micro: uma análise espacial multiescalar dos impactos da seca, as políticas hídricas e os fixos e fluxos da operação pipa no seridó paraibano |
author |
Farias, Thiago da Silva |
author_facet |
Farias, Thiago da Silva |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Vianna , Pedro Costa Guedes http://lattes.cnpq.br/7287720554802177 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Farias, Thiago da Silva |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Abastecimento de água Carro-pipa Estiagem e seca Operação Pipa Seridó paraibano Water supply Water tank truck Dry and drought Pipa Operation Paraíba’s seridó CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS |
topic |
Abastecimento de água Carro-pipa Estiagem e seca Operação Pipa Seridó paraibano Water supply Water tank truck Dry and drought Pipa Operation Paraíba’s seridó CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS |
description |
The water is a fundamental element for the promotion of life and well-being, its availability is essential for the maintenance and development of populations, whether in supplying their basic needs or making economic activities viable. Factors such as population and economic growth have intensified the demand for water, as a result of this, the water issue has become increasingly relevant, especially in the face of the current context of climate change on the planet, intensifying the occurrence of extreme events, such as floods and droughts. Therefore, water resources management and conservation is fundamental and requires a greater attention from population and public managers, mainly in lands prone to water scarcity, these including the Brazilian semiarid (SAB), the driest region in the country. For this reason, historically, numerous public policies focusing on water storage, availability and distribution have been developed in the SAB. Among them are the dams policy promoted by DNOCS and SUDENE, the Projects of transfers between basins (PISF - Integration Program of the São Francisco River), policies for living with drought through Social Water Social Technologies - TSH (P1MC and the P1 + 2). However, in years of prolonged drought, these water works need to be complemented, and in view of this, the federal government's emergency program for the distribution of drinking water, Pipa Operation (OP), was created. The aim of this study is to conduct a multiscale spatial analysis, focus on the impacts of drought, the scope of this phenomenon and OP, in the first moment on macro-scale way, focusing on the states that compose the Brazilian semiarid region and Paraíba's State, and later in micro-regional scale, with the focus on Paraíba's Seridó, in order to deepen the consequences of drought, water policies and the actions of this emergency public policy in the region. The methodology of this work consisted of bibliographic analysis, documentary research, mapping and spatial analysis of information regarding to the Decrees of Emergency Situation and/or State of Public Calamity due to dry and drought, available through the S2iD platform, and from the OP, provided by the Northeast Military Command (CMNE), from 2012 to 2016. The data on wells and desalinators from the federal government, in addition to cisterns, obtained using Google Earth Pro images. According to the analyzed data, the drought was present in 1,483 municipalities in the states that are part of the SAB while the OP was present in 940 brazilian municipalities. In Paraíba’s state, the drought was present in 203 of the 223 municipalities. While OP was present in 173 municipalities in the state. Regarding to Paraíba’s Seridó, both, drought and OP. were present in all 15 municipalities that compose the region. In May 2016, 202 water tank trucks were in charge of transporting water to 1,361 supply points, responsible to attend 47,328 inhabitants, distributed throughout the region. These were supplied by 8 catchment points, composed by 7 reservoirs and a transposition channel, belonging both to the semi-arid region, as well as in others Paraíba’s regions. Regarding to TSH’s, Paraíba’s Seridó had 12,662, with plaque cisterns being the most common. The results indicate the scope of the OP, being fundamental for supply water to population. However, the perpetuation of this policy is emphasized, which, at first, was designed to be emergency. The TSH’s had a strong growth, especially the plaque type, demonstrating the importance of this policy in democratizing water access, as well as creating an important water reserve for local populations. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-28 2021-05-28 2022-06-08T18:06:00Z 2022-06-08T18:06:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23038 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23038 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Geografia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Geografia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia UFPB |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
instacron_str |
UFPB |
institution |
UFPB |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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1801842994615156736 |