Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos.

• Autor(a) principal: Paulino, Raniere de Sá
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/16386
• topic: Escherichia coli; Cactáceas; Diarreia; Ruminantes; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL

This study aimed to evaluate the proliferation of enterobacteria, especially E. coli, in spineless cactus and to verify its association with cases of diarrhea in sheep, as well as to analyze the response of these animals when fed with rich diets spineless cactus chopped hours before supply. In the in vitro test, it used two spineless cactus cultivar forage (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck e Opuntia fícus-indica Mill), each cultivar being chopped into particles of approximately 4 cm2 and 2 cm2 and allocated in a controlled environment for up to 24 hours. The completely randomized design was used in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, with 2 varieties de spineless cactus, 2 particle sizes and 4 evaluation times (0, 6, 12 and 24 hours after chopped the spineless cactus). The variables analyzed were: internal and external temperature, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial proliferation data by counting lactic acid bacteria (LAB), enterobacteria and Escherichia coli, most likely number (MLN) total coliforms and biochemical profile tests of E. coli colonies. In the in vivo trial, 15 lambs were used, distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) composed of three treatments, chopped spineless cactus and immediately supplied to the animals; spineless cactus chopped eight hours before provided to animals and spineless cactus silage with five replications per treatment, consisting of five replicates. The total experimental period lasted 31 days, 10 of which to adapt the animals to diets and installations. The variables analyzed were dry matter intake, total weight gain, fecal scores, physiological variables, enterobacteria in Petri dishes. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), when significant (P < 0.05), the differences between means were analyzed by t-Student and Tukey tests, considering 5% of probability. In the in vitro trial, it was possible to observe a higher internal temperature of the evaluated material, when the varieties were submitted to smaller particle size (2 cm2), while the SCFAs increased until 12 hours after chopped, reducing at 24 hours. Higher enterobacterial and LAB counts were possible at both 12 and 24 hours after spineless cactus chopped with 2 cm2 particle in both varieties. However, the highest number of LAB detected was at 6 hours (4.65 CFU/g) and 12 hours (5.05 CFU / g). The hemoglobin of the animals varied from the first day (86.73 g/ dL) to the 21st day (77.26 g/ dL), however, the most important variable, the globular volume, had no significant effect. Sheep fed with chopped spineless cactus eight hours before supply had the higher fecal enterobacterial count on the 21st day of collection (8.48 CFU/g), while animals fed with xvi silage had lower values (4.95 CFU/g). Among the enterobacteria isolated in the feces, the presence of E. coli was confirmed by the biochemical profile test, an expected result, as these are common organisms of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, it can be concluded that spineless cactus management influences the development of total and fecal coliforms, especially when chopped at 2 cm2 and exposed to the environment for periods longer than seven hours, and the bacterial population can be controlled with the use of spineless cactus in the form of silage.