Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/16386 |
Resumo: | This study aimed to evaluate the proliferation of enterobacteria, especially E. coli, in spineless cactus and to verify its association with cases of diarrhea in sheep, as well as to analyze the response of these animals when fed with rich diets spineless cactus chopped hours before supply. In the in vitro test, it used two spineless cactus cultivar forage (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck e Opuntia fícus-indica Mill), each cultivar being chopped into particles of approximately 4 cm2 and 2 cm2 and allocated in a controlled environment for up to 24 hours. The completely randomized design was used in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, with 2 varieties de spineless cactus, 2 particle sizes and 4 evaluation times (0, 6, 12 and 24 hours after chopped the spineless cactus). The variables analyzed were: internal and external temperature, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial proliferation data by counting lactic acid bacteria (LAB), enterobacteria and Escherichia coli, most likely number (MLN) total coliforms and biochemical profile tests of E. coli colonies. In the in vivo trial, 15 lambs were used, distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) composed of three treatments, chopped spineless cactus and immediately supplied to the animals; spineless cactus chopped eight hours before provided to animals and spineless cactus silage with five replications per treatment, consisting of five replicates. The total experimental period lasted 31 days, 10 of which to adapt the animals to diets and installations. The variables analyzed were dry matter intake, total weight gain, fecal scores, physiological variables, enterobacteria in Petri dishes. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), when significant (P < 0.05), the differences between means were analyzed by t-Student and Tukey tests, considering 5% of probability. In the in vitro trial, it was possible to observe a higher internal temperature of the evaluated material, when the varieties were submitted to smaller particle size (2 cm2), while the SCFAs increased until 12 hours after chopped, reducing at 24 hours. Higher enterobacterial and LAB counts were possible at both 12 and 24 hours after spineless cactus chopped with 2 cm2 particle in both varieties. However, the highest number of LAB detected was at 6 hours (4.65 CFU/g) and 12 hours (5.05 CFU / g). The hemoglobin of the animals varied from the first day (86.73 g/ dL) to the 21st day (77.26 g/ dL), however, the most important variable, the globular volume, had no significant effect. Sheep fed with chopped spineless cactus eight hours before supply had the higher fecal enterobacterial count on the 21st day of collection (8.48 CFU/g), while animals fed with xvi silage had lower values (4.95 CFU/g). Among the enterobacteria isolated in the feces, the presence of E. coli was confirmed by the biochemical profile test, an expected result, as these are common organisms of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, it can be concluded that spineless cactus management influences the development of total and fecal coliforms, especially when chopped at 2 cm2 and exposed to the environment for periods longer than seven hours, and the bacterial population can be controlled with the use of spineless cactus in the form of silage. |
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Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos.Escherichia coliCactáceasDiarreiaRuminantesCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMALThis study aimed to evaluate the proliferation of enterobacteria, especially E. coli, in spineless cactus and to verify its association with cases of diarrhea in sheep, as well as to analyze the response of these animals when fed with rich diets spineless cactus chopped hours before supply. In the in vitro test, it used two spineless cactus cultivar forage (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck e Opuntia fícus-indica Mill), each cultivar being chopped into particles of approximately 4 cm2 and 2 cm2 and allocated in a controlled environment for up to 24 hours. The completely randomized design was used in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, with 2 varieties de spineless cactus, 2 particle sizes and 4 evaluation times (0, 6, 12 and 24 hours after chopped the spineless cactus). The variables analyzed were: internal and external temperature, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial proliferation data by counting lactic acid bacteria (LAB), enterobacteria and Escherichia coli, most likely number (MLN) total coliforms and biochemical profile tests of E. coli colonies. In the in vivo trial, 15 lambs were used, distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) composed of three treatments, chopped spineless cactus and immediately supplied to the animals; spineless cactus chopped eight hours before provided to animals and spineless cactus silage with five replications per treatment, consisting of five replicates. The total experimental period lasted 31 days, 10 of which to adapt the animals to diets and installations. The variables analyzed were dry matter intake, total weight gain, fecal scores, physiological variables, enterobacteria in Petri dishes. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), when significant (P < 0.05), the differences between means were analyzed by t-Student and Tukey tests, considering 5% of probability. In the in vitro trial, it was possible to observe a higher internal temperature of the evaluated material, when the varieties were submitted to smaller particle size (2 cm2), while the SCFAs increased until 12 hours after chopped, reducing at 24 hours. Higher enterobacterial and LAB counts were possible at both 12 and 24 hours after spineless cactus chopped with 2 cm2 particle in both varieties. However, the highest number of LAB detected was at 6 hours (4.65 CFU/g) and 12 hours (5.05 CFU / g). The hemoglobin of the animals varied from the first day (86.73 g/ dL) to the 21st day (77.26 g/ dL), however, the most important variable, the globular volume, had no significant effect. Sheep fed with chopped spineless cactus eight hours before supply had the higher fecal enterobacterial count on the 21st day of collection (8.48 CFU/g), while animals fed with xvi silage had lower values (4.95 CFU/g). Among the enterobacteria isolated in the feces, the presence of E. coli was confirmed by the biochemical profile test, an expected result, as these are common organisms of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, it can be concluded that spineless cactus management influences the development of total and fecal coliforms, especially when chopped at 2 cm2 and exposed to the environment for periods longer than seven hours, and the bacterial population can be controlled with the use of spineless cactus in the form of silage.O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a proliferação de enterobactérias, em especial da E. coli, na palma forrageira e verificar sua associação com casos de diarreia em ovinos, além de analisar a resposta desses animais quando submetidos à alimentação com dietas ricas em palma, picada horas antes do fornecimento. No ensaio in vitro utilizou duas cultivares de palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck e Opuntia fícus-indica Mill), sendo cada cultivar picada em partículas de aproximadamente 4 cm2 e 2 cm2 e alocadas em ambiente controlado por até 24 horas. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) em um arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 x 4, sendo 2 variedades, 2 tamanhos de partículas e 4 horários de avaliação (0, 6, 12 e 24 horas após o corte). As variáveis analisadas foram: temperatura interna e externa, ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (AGCC) e dados de proliferação microbiana, por meio da contagem de bactérias produtoras de ácido lático (BAL), enterobactérias e Escherichia coli, número mais provável (NMP) de coliformes totais, testes de perfil bioquímico das colônias de E. coli. No ensaio in vivo foram utilizados 15 cordeiros, distribuídos em um DIC composto por três tratamentos, palma forrageira processada e fornecida de imediato aos animais; palma forrageira processada oito horas antes do fornecimento aos animais e a silagem de palma, com cinco repetições por tratamento, compostos por 5 repetições. O período experimental total teve duração de 31 dias, onde 10 destes foram destinados à adaptação dos animais à dietas e instalações. As variáveis analisadas foram: ingestão de matéria seca, ganho de peso total, escore fecal, variáveis fisiológicas, hemograma completo e microbiologia das fezes por meio da contagem de enterobactérias em placas de Petri. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA), quando significativos (P < 0,05), as diferenças entre médias analisadas pelos testes t-Student e Tukey, considerando 5% de probabilidade. No ensaio in vitro, foi possível observar maior temperatura interna do material avaliado, quando as variedades foram submetidos a um tamanho de partícula menor (2 cm2), já os AGCC apresentaram aumento até às 12 horas após picado, reduzindo às 24 horas. Foi possível maior contagem de enterobactérias e BAL, tanto às 12 e 24 horas após o picagem da palma com a partícula de 2 cm2, nas duas variedades de palma. No entanto, a maior número de BAL detectada foi às 6 horas (4,65 UFC/g) e 12 horas (5, 05 UFC/g). A hemoglobina dos animais variou do primeiro dia (86,73 g/dL) para o 21º dia (77,26 g/dL), contudo, o volume globular variável xiv mais importante não apresentou efeito significativo. Os ovinos alimentados com a palma picada oito horas antes do fornecimento apresentaram maior contagem de enterobactérias nas fezes no 21º dia da coleta (8,48 UFC/g), enquanto que os animais alimentados com a silagem tiveram menor número (4,95 UFC/g). Dentre as enterobactérias isoladas nas fezes, foi confirmada a presença de E. coli, através do teste do perfil bioquímico, resultado esperado, pois estes são organismos comuns do trato gastrointestinal. Assim, pode-se concluir que forma de manejo da palma forrageira influencia o desenvolvimento de coliformes totais e fecais, especialmente quando picada a 2 cm2 e expostas ao ambiente por períodos maiores que sete horas, podendo a população bacteriana ser controlada com a utilização da palma na forma de silagem.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilZootecniaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaUFPBOliveira, Juliana Silva dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5658789208591676Santos, Edson Maurohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2285702285716050Paulino, Raniere de Sá2019-11-08T13:35:33Z2019-10-182019-11-08T13:35:33Z2019-08-06info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/16386porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2019-11-09T06:11:33Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/16386Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2019-11-09T06:11:33Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. |
title |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. |
spellingShingle |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. Paulino, Raniere de Sá Escherichia coli Cactáceas Diarreia Ruminantes CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL |
title_short |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. |
title_full |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. |
title_fullStr |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. |
title_sort |
Manejo de utilização da palma forrageira sobre a qualidade microbiológica, desempenho e distúrbios nutricionais em ovinos. |
author |
Paulino, Raniere de Sá |
author_facet |
Paulino, Raniere de Sá |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Juliana Silva de http://lattes.cnpq.br/5658789208591676 Santos, Edson Mauro http://lattes.cnpq.br/2285702285716050 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Paulino, Raniere de Sá |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Escherichia coli Cactáceas Diarreia Ruminantes CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL |
topic |
Escherichia coli Cactáceas Diarreia Ruminantes CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL |
description |
This study aimed to evaluate the proliferation of enterobacteria, especially E. coli, in spineless cactus and to verify its association with cases of diarrhea in sheep, as well as to analyze the response of these animals when fed with rich diets spineless cactus chopped hours before supply. In the in vitro test, it used two spineless cactus cultivar forage (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck e Opuntia fícus-indica Mill), each cultivar being chopped into particles of approximately 4 cm2 and 2 cm2 and allocated in a controlled environment for up to 24 hours. The completely randomized design was used in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, with 2 varieties de spineless cactus, 2 particle sizes and 4 evaluation times (0, 6, 12 and 24 hours after chopped the spineless cactus). The variables analyzed were: internal and external temperature, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial proliferation data by counting lactic acid bacteria (LAB), enterobacteria and Escherichia coli, most likely number (MLN) total coliforms and biochemical profile tests of E. coli colonies. In the in vivo trial, 15 lambs were used, distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) composed of three treatments, chopped spineless cactus and immediately supplied to the animals; spineless cactus chopped eight hours before provided to animals and spineless cactus silage with five replications per treatment, consisting of five replicates. The total experimental period lasted 31 days, 10 of which to adapt the animals to diets and installations. The variables analyzed were dry matter intake, total weight gain, fecal scores, physiological variables, enterobacteria in Petri dishes. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), when significant (P < 0.05), the differences between means were analyzed by t-Student and Tukey tests, considering 5% of probability. In the in vitro trial, it was possible to observe a higher internal temperature of the evaluated material, when the varieties were submitted to smaller particle size (2 cm2), while the SCFAs increased until 12 hours after chopped, reducing at 24 hours. Higher enterobacterial and LAB counts were possible at both 12 and 24 hours after spineless cactus chopped with 2 cm2 particle in both varieties. However, the highest number of LAB detected was at 6 hours (4.65 CFU/g) and 12 hours (5.05 CFU / g). The hemoglobin of the animals varied from the first day (86.73 g/ dL) to the 21st day (77.26 g/ dL), however, the most important variable, the globular volume, had no significant effect. Sheep fed with chopped spineless cactus eight hours before supply had the higher fecal enterobacterial count on the 21st day of collection (8.48 CFU/g), while animals fed with xvi silage had lower values (4.95 CFU/g). Among the enterobacteria isolated in the feces, the presence of E. coli was confirmed by the biochemical profile test, an expected result, as these are common organisms of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, it can be concluded that spineless cactus management influences the development of total and fecal coliforms, especially when chopped at 2 cm2 and exposed to the environment for periods longer than seven hours, and the bacterial population can be controlled with the use of spineless cactus in the form of silage. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-11-08T13:35:33Z 2019-10-18 2019-11-08T13:35:33Z 2019-08-06 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/16386 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/16386 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Zootecnia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Zootecnia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UFPB |
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reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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UFPB |
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UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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1801842955585060864 |