O olhar cosmopolita: a atualidade da proposta kantiano para a paz perpétua.

• Autor(a) principal: Freitas, Rita de Cássia Souza Tabosa
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5612
• topic: Cosmopolitismo; paz; guerra; direitos humanos; realismo político; Cosmopolitanism; peace; war; human rights; political realism; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA

Objective, in this research work, discuss the proposal cosmopolitan Kantian perpetual peace and its current two hundred years after it was written. During the course of the study identified at least three major models of cosmopolitanism: the Imperial, the messianic, Republican, to which Kant joins. Cosmopolitanism is his first formulations in antiquity, at the time of the Hellenistic and Roman empires, which will be taken up by medieval Christianity, the messianic version. It is however in modern times that the cosmopolitan ideal reappear with strength, especially in the Enlightenment period in the work of thinkers such as Abbé de Saint‐Pierre, Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant, who gave the most complete formulation philosophically. It fell to associate the theme cosmopolitan Kant to the problem of peace and the constitutionalization of international law by proposing a World Federation of Free States, which promoted legal equality between the different peoples who inhabit the earth, under the aegis of a new international law cosmopolitical. The update of this discussion occurred in the twentieth century, as a possible solution to the immense problems of a world traumatized by two world wars and the atomic terror. The proposal is part of the cosmopolitan globalization process of recent decades in the international legal sphere, as an effective mechanism for building a global civil society of peace, and to prepare the way for a World Federation of States, provided by Kant. Philosophers of law and politics as Kelsen, Habermas and Bobbio, seeking to update and reinterpret the Kantian proposal in the light of the new phenomena of war and peace in the era of globalization, they oppose the realist thinkers such as Danilo Zolo, who question the theoretical validity and practical feasibility of this project. The thesis I defend is that cosmopolitanism is not an impossible utopia, but a realizable possibility, at least in a philosophical and legal approach, when faced with political and legal challenges of contemporary international relations, since some conditions are created for its implementation.