A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Nadaf, Vania Cristhina
Data de Publicação: 2013
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6932
Resumo: The increasing extent of human life and the number of elderly in the population, aging has become a privileged theme and one of the great challenges of contemporary society. Aging has been considered as a period of great adversity and increased stress (higher familiarity with the risk) may also be considered as a new stage of life that might be positively experienced. Studies have demonstrated that for such positive experience, the resilience is critical, since it is linked to intrapsychic processes of protection and risk and social interaction, which has relevance in the process of adapting and overcoming the diversity of this stage of life. Tied to the resilience it is the measure of life satisfaction, characterized as performing a cognitive judgment of some specific domains of life and reflects how persons perceives their lives concerning the present, the past and their expectations to the future. This construct is also comprehended as essential cognitive component that complements happiness. The need of studying these constructs, this research was emerged aimed at examining the associations between the capacity of resilience and perceived stress with the cognitive component Subjective well-being (SWB) - the satisfaction with life - in a sample of elderly in Cuiabá, in the state of Mato Grosso. The theoretical model of human development, with a deep influence of Psychosocial Theory of Erikson (1972) and Grotberg s model that defines resilience as a concept associated to human and growth development. Method: This research is characterized as a cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was divided into two studies; the first consisted in adapting the Resilience Scale for Adults - RSA (Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvinge & Martinussen, 2003) that was submitted to a number of 200 elder participants. In the second study, the sample consisted of 379 elder participants who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the RSA scale (Hjemdal, et al. 2006), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Cohen, Karmack & Mermelsteinm (1983), Satisfaction with life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, 1985), and scale Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) Zigmond & Snaith of (1983). The data were processed by the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 for the statistical analysis. The results obtained in the study I showed the predominance of women (n = 146) with an average of 67.23 years (SD = 5.9). The findings concerning the Factorial Analysis done in the study I indicated two dimensions - Family Cohesion (alpha = 0.95) and Optimism (alpha = 0.88) and two items were eliminated, thus, the RSA totalized (alpha = 0.91) adapted with 31 items for the elderly people. The results of the study II indicated that the sample has an average score of resilience and the majority of the elderly people answered to be satisfied with their lives. The results also revealed that elderly participants who had higher averages on assessments of RSA and SWLS had lower scores on scales PSS and HADS- Anxiety and depression. The hypothesis of the study I was not confirmed, suggesting that resilience may be measured differently for the elderly people, for the reason that the resilience at this life stage may be reflected in their positive adaptation processes in a psychological mature stage. In study II, the results confirmed the hypothesis of this research, the women had higher scores in RSA and its dimensions, and only in the optimism dimension this difference was significant. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded the need to advance in further research XIX to better understand the effects and consequences of the capacity of resilience in old age, as the findings of this study revealed the notion of a protective and promoter factor of welfare in this life phase. Old age brings losses concerning health, labor capacity, purchasing power and interpersonal relationships. Consequently, the constant presence of the item life satisfaction after 60 years reveals that resilience as a process of adaptation and overcoming the adversities imposed by life, became fundamental to not only to maintain the sense of certainty of having quality life, but also in the way these losses are absorbed and resignified in the lives of the elderly people.
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spelling A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhiceResiliênciaBem-estar subjetivoEstresseEnvelhecimentoIdososResilienceWubjective well-beingStressAgingElderly peopleCIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIAThe increasing extent of human life and the number of elderly in the population, aging has become a privileged theme and one of the great challenges of contemporary society. Aging has been considered as a period of great adversity and increased stress (higher familiarity with the risk) may also be considered as a new stage of life that might be positively experienced. Studies have demonstrated that for such positive experience, the resilience is critical, since it is linked to intrapsychic processes of protection and risk and social interaction, which has relevance in the process of adapting and overcoming the diversity of this stage of life. Tied to the resilience it is the measure of life satisfaction, characterized as performing a cognitive judgment of some specific domains of life and reflects how persons perceives their lives concerning the present, the past and their expectations to the future. This construct is also comprehended as essential cognitive component that complements happiness. The need of studying these constructs, this research was emerged aimed at examining the associations between the capacity of resilience and perceived stress with the cognitive component Subjective well-being (SWB) - the satisfaction with life - in a sample of elderly in Cuiabá, in the state of Mato Grosso. The theoretical model of human development, with a deep influence of Psychosocial Theory of Erikson (1972) and Grotberg s model that defines resilience as a concept associated to human and growth development. Method: This research is characterized as a cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was divided into two studies; the first consisted in adapting the Resilience Scale for Adults - RSA (Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvinge & Martinussen, 2003) that was submitted to a number of 200 elder participants. In the second study, the sample consisted of 379 elder participants who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the RSA scale (Hjemdal, et al. 2006), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Cohen, Karmack & Mermelsteinm (1983), Satisfaction with life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, 1985), and scale Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) Zigmond & Snaith of (1983). The data were processed by the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 for the statistical analysis. The results obtained in the study I showed the predominance of women (n = 146) with an average of 67.23 years (SD = 5.9). The findings concerning the Factorial Analysis done in the study I indicated two dimensions - Family Cohesion (alpha = 0.95) and Optimism (alpha = 0.88) and two items were eliminated, thus, the RSA totalized (alpha = 0.91) adapted with 31 items for the elderly people. The results of the study II indicated that the sample has an average score of resilience and the majority of the elderly people answered to be satisfied with their lives. The results also revealed that elderly participants who had higher averages on assessments of RSA and SWLS had lower scores on scales PSS and HADS- Anxiety and depression. The hypothesis of the study I was not confirmed, suggesting that resilience may be measured differently for the elderly people, for the reason that the resilience at this life stage may be reflected in their positive adaptation processes in a psychological mature stage. In study II, the results confirmed the hypothesis of this research, the women had higher scores in RSA and its dimensions, and only in the optimism dimension this difference was significant. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded the need to advance in further research XIX to better understand the effects and consequences of the capacity of resilience in old age, as the findings of this study revealed the notion of a protective and promoter factor of welfare in this life phase. Old age brings losses concerning health, labor capacity, purchasing power and interpersonal relationships. Consequently, the constant presence of the item life satisfaction after 60 years reveals that resilience as a process of adaptation and overcoming the adversities imposed by life, became fundamental to not only to maintain the sense of certainty of having quality life, but also in the way these losses are absorbed and resignified in the lives of the elderly people.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESCom o aumento da duração da vida humana e do número de idosos na população, o envelhecimento passou a ser um tema privilegiado e um dos grandes desafios da sociedade contemporânea. Considerado como um período de grandes adversidades e de aumento do estresse (maior convivência com o risco) pode ser também considerado como uma nova etapa da vida que pode ser vivenciada de forma positiva. Estudos têm comprovado que para tal vivência positiva, a resiliência é fundamental, uma vez que está ligada a processos intrapsíquicos de proteção e risco e de interação social, o que a torna importante neste processo de adaptação e superação das adiversidades desta etapa da vida. Aliada à resiliência, tem-se a medida da satisfação com a vida, com a qual se realiza um julgamento cognitivo de alguns domínios específicos da vida e reflete como a pessoa percebe a sua vida em relação ao presente, ao passado e às suas perspectivas em relação ao futuro, e é vista como o componente cognitivo fundamental, que complementa a felicidade. Da necessidade de estudar esses construtos, surgiu esta pesquisa que teve como objetivo analisar as ligações existentes entre a capacidade da resiliência e a percepção do Estresse com o componente cognitivo do Bem-estar Subjetivo (BES) a satisfação com a vida - em uma amostra de idosos de Cuiabá, tendo como referencial teórico o modelo do desenvolvimento humano, com forte influência da teoria psicossocial de Erikson (1972) e o modelo de Grotberg que define a resiliência como um conceito ligado ao desenvolvimento e ao crescimento humano. Método: a pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa. Foi dividido em dois estudos, o primeiro estudo consistiu na adaptação da Escala de Resiliência para Adultos - RSA (por Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvinge & Martinussen, 2003), do qual participaram 200 idosos. No segundo estudo, a amostra foi constituída de 379 idosos que responderam um questionário sociodemográfico, a escala RSA (Hjemdal, et al. 2006), a escala Perceived Stress Scale (PSS Escala de Estresse Percebido) de Cohen, Karmack & Mermelsteinm (1983), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) Escala de Satisfação Com a Vida (ESV), de Diener (1985), e a escala Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) de Zigmond & Snaith (1983). Os dados foram compilados utilizando-se o SPSS versão 21 para análises estatísticas. Como resultado, obteve-se no Estudo I um predomínio de mulheres (n= 146) e com uma média de 67,23 anos (DP= 5,9). Na Análise Fatorial realizada no I estudo, emergiram duas dimensões Coesão Familiar (Alfa = 0,95) e Otimismo (Alfa=0,88) e dois itens foram eliminados ficando assim a RSA total (Alfa = 0,91) adaptada para idosos com 31 itens. Os resultados do II Estudo apontam que a amostra tem um nível de resiliência médio e que a maioria dos idosos avalia estar satisfeita com a vida. Os resultados também demonstraram que os idosos que apresentaram maiores médias nas avaliações da RSA e da ESV apresentaram menores pontuações nas escalas PSS e HADS- Ansiedade e Depressão. A hipótese do Estudo I não foi confirmada, o que sugere que a resiliência pode ser medida de forma diferente para os idosos, pois a resiliência nesta fase pode refletir o processo de adaptação positiva em uma fase de maior amadurecimento psicológico. No estudo II, os resultados confirmaram as hipóteses do trabalho, as mulheres tiveram maiores pontuações nas RSA e nas suas dimensões, sendo que, somente na dimensão otimismo essa diferença foi significativa. Dos resultados que se XVII obteve, concluiu-se haver necessidade de se investir em outras pesquisas para melhor entender os efeitos e consequências da capacidade da resiliência na velhice, pois os resultados trazem a ideia que é um fator protetor e promotor de bem-estar neste período. A velhice acarreta perdas no que tange à saúde, à capacidade laboral, ao poder aquisitivo e às relações interpessoais. Portanto, a continuidade da presença do quesito satisfação com a vida após os 60 anos demonstra que a resiliência enquanto processo de adaptação e superação das condições adversas que a vida impõe tornou-se fundamental para não só a manutenção do sentimento da certeza de ter qualidade de vida, mas também para a forma como essas perdas são absorvidas e ressignificadas na vida dos idosos.Universidade Federal da Paraí­baBRPsicologia SocialPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia SocialUFPBTorres, Ana Raquel Rosashttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1834839774850674Calvo, Bernardino Fernándezhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4082400623552153Nadaf, Vania Cristhina2015-05-14T13:16:17Z2018-07-23T20:03:20Z2014-07-012018-07-23T20:03:20Z2013-04-18info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfNADAF, Vania Cristhina. A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice. 2013. 269 f. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia Social) - Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, João Pessoa, 2013.https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6932porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2018-09-06T02:06:52Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:tede/6932Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2018-09-06T02:06:52Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
title A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
spellingShingle A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
Nadaf, Vania Cristhina
Resiliência
Bem-estar subjetivo
Estresse
Envelhecimento
Idosos
Resilience
Wubjective well-being
Stress
Aging
Elderly people
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
title_short A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
title_full A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
title_fullStr A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
title_full_unstemmed A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
title_sort A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice
author Nadaf, Vania Cristhina
author_facet Nadaf, Vania Cristhina
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Torres, Ana Raquel Rosas
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1834839774850674
Calvo, Bernardino Fernández
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4082400623552153
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Nadaf, Vania Cristhina
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Resiliência
Bem-estar subjetivo
Estresse
Envelhecimento
Idosos
Resilience
Wubjective well-being
Stress
Aging
Elderly people
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
topic Resiliência
Bem-estar subjetivo
Estresse
Envelhecimento
Idosos
Resilience
Wubjective well-being
Stress
Aging
Elderly people
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
description The increasing extent of human life and the number of elderly in the population, aging has become a privileged theme and one of the great challenges of contemporary society. Aging has been considered as a period of great adversity and increased stress (higher familiarity with the risk) may also be considered as a new stage of life that might be positively experienced. Studies have demonstrated that for such positive experience, the resilience is critical, since it is linked to intrapsychic processes of protection and risk and social interaction, which has relevance in the process of adapting and overcoming the diversity of this stage of life. Tied to the resilience it is the measure of life satisfaction, characterized as performing a cognitive judgment of some specific domains of life and reflects how persons perceives their lives concerning the present, the past and their expectations to the future. This construct is also comprehended as essential cognitive component that complements happiness. The need of studying these constructs, this research was emerged aimed at examining the associations between the capacity of resilience and perceived stress with the cognitive component Subjective well-being (SWB) - the satisfaction with life - in a sample of elderly in Cuiabá, in the state of Mato Grosso. The theoretical model of human development, with a deep influence of Psychosocial Theory of Erikson (1972) and Grotberg s model that defines resilience as a concept associated to human and growth development. Method: This research is characterized as a cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was divided into two studies; the first consisted in adapting the Resilience Scale for Adults - RSA (Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvinge & Martinussen, 2003) that was submitted to a number of 200 elder participants. In the second study, the sample consisted of 379 elder participants who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the RSA scale (Hjemdal, et al. 2006), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Cohen, Karmack & Mermelsteinm (1983), Satisfaction with life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, 1985), and scale Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) Zigmond & Snaith of (1983). The data were processed by the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 for the statistical analysis. The results obtained in the study I showed the predominance of women (n = 146) with an average of 67.23 years (SD = 5.9). The findings concerning the Factorial Analysis done in the study I indicated two dimensions - Family Cohesion (alpha = 0.95) and Optimism (alpha = 0.88) and two items were eliminated, thus, the RSA totalized (alpha = 0.91) adapted with 31 items for the elderly people. The results of the study II indicated that the sample has an average score of resilience and the majority of the elderly people answered to be satisfied with their lives. The results also revealed that elderly participants who had higher averages on assessments of RSA and SWLS had lower scores on scales PSS and HADS- Anxiety and depression. The hypothesis of the study I was not confirmed, suggesting that resilience may be measured differently for the elderly people, for the reason that the resilience at this life stage may be reflected in their positive adaptation processes in a psychological mature stage. In study II, the results confirmed the hypothesis of this research, the women had higher scores in RSA and its dimensions, and only in the optimism dimension this difference was significant. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded the need to advance in further research XIX to better understand the effects and consequences of the capacity of resilience in old age, as the findings of this study revealed the notion of a protective and promoter factor of welfare in this life phase. Old age brings losses concerning health, labor capacity, purchasing power and interpersonal relationships. Consequently, the constant presence of the item life satisfaction after 60 years reveals that resilience as a process of adaptation and overcoming the adversities imposed by life, became fundamental to not only to maintain the sense of certainty of having quality life, but also in the way these losses are absorbed and resignified in the lives of the elderly people.
publishDate 2013
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2013-04-18
2014-07-01
2015-05-14T13:16:17Z
2018-07-23T20:03:20Z
2018-07-23T20:03:20Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv NADAF, Vania Cristhina. A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice. 2013. 269 f. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia Social) - Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, João Pessoa, 2013.
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6932
identifier_str_mv NADAF, Vania Cristhina. A resiliência: um processo potencial de proteção e adaptação do bem-estar psicológico na velhice. 2013. 269 f. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia Social) - Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, João Pessoa, 2013.
url https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6932
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language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba
BR
Psicologia Social
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social
UFPB
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba
BR
Psicologia Social
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social
UFPB
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
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instname_str Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
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