Efeito de 16 semanas de treinamento de força com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo na composição corporal, perfil lipídico e níveis séricos de irisina em mulheres idosas

• Autor(a) principal: Paz, Carlos Renato
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/31996
• topic: Treinamento de força; Treinamento resistido; Envelhecimento; Isquemia vascular; Marcadores bioquímicos; Irisina; Strength training; Resistance training; Aging; Vascular ischemia; Biochemical markers; Irisin; Entrenamiento de fuerza; Entrenamiento de resistencia; Envejecimiento; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA

Aging is accompanied by changes in body homeostasis, an increased risk of chronic non-communicable diseases and a decline in functional capacity. To delay or reduce this decline, the elderly population can adhere to strength training programs, as they promote morphofunctional and metabolic adaptations, in addition to inducing the production of irisin, a myokine related to weight loss and control of body composition. Its concentrations increase after performing strength exercises with high loads; however, it is not clear whether strength training with low loads associated with blood flow restriction (TFBC + RFS) can change body composition, lipid profile and levels irisin serum levels in elderly women. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the effect of strength training with low and moderate loads, with and without RFS on body composition, lipid profile and serum irisin levels in elderly women. Thirty-nine healthy women (65±3 years old) participated in this randomized and controlled clinical study, with sixteen weeks of intervention. Participants were randomized, according to age and muscular strength, into four groups: TFBC + RFS; moderate load strength training (TFCM); low load strength training (TFBC) and Control (CON), who did not perform exercises. The training consisted of performing the exercises: biceps curl, bench press, squat and 45º leg press, in three weekly sessions, with 3 sets of 10 repetitions, 60 seconds interval between sets 120 between exercises, load of 60% of a maximum repetition (1RM) for the TFCM group and 20% of 1RM for the TFBI, and TFBI + RFS groups, which trained with application of 50% RFS compression. Body composition was measured, broken down into body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), muscle mass (MM) and fat percentage (%BF) (InBody 570 Biospace®). Fasting blood samples were collected before and after the intervention to analyze the lipid profile: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (CHEMWELL- automated analyzer T from Labtest), and serum irisin levels (commercial ELISA kit, Enzyme Linked Inmuno Sobert Assay), according to the reagent manufacturer. Data normality was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test; multivariate ANOVA, difference between groups before and after intervention, with Tukey post hoc; the intragroup time effect was analyzed using Student's t test; the effect size with Cohen's d and the correlations with the Pearson test. Significance of P ≤ 0.05 was adopted. The results demonstrated that: the TFBC + RFS group significantly increased MM (p = 0.015); there were no changes in lipid variables and serum irisin levels in the experimental groups. It is concluded that 16 weeks of TFBC + RFS was efficient in positively altering the body composition of elderly women, promoting an increase in MM, while lipid variables and serum irisin levels remained unchanged. Further investigations with male populations and with a larger sample size are suggested.