Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Karla Carolina Silveira
Data de Publicação: 2011
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6878
Resumo: Based on the conception that beliefs concerning sexuality play an important role in the behavior of adolescents, it was used the Foucault‟s perspective in order to identify the characteristics and analyze the possible associations among the pregnancy in the adolescence, the STDs/AIDS, and the situations of vulnerability of adolescents who live in the state of Paraíba. The sample comprised 8.741 adolescents, been 62% female, in the age range of 12 to 20 years old (average of 16 years old), enrolled in public schools of 34 cities classified based on the demographic size according to the city social indicators. It was used a self-report structured questionnaire and the group technique of focal discussion. In order to analyze the quantitative date, it was used descriptive statistics, been used position and variability measures, besides it, it was performed bivariate tests. The analysis of the group‟s content was performed based on Categories which were determined based on the emerged themes. According to the results, three thematic categories have emerged. The first, which was denominated Sexual Practice (sub-categories: Sexual Initiation and Determinant Factors); the second was denominated Prevention (sub-categories: The Use of Condom and Contraceptive Methods); and the third category, Vulnerability to AIDS (sub-categories: Perception of Vulnerability and Information). Concerning to the Sexual Practice, 2.732 participants declared have an active sexual life (31%), with initiation in 15,6 years old to the women and 14,6 years old to men, with significant statistical difference in relation to the sex (64% male p < 0,001) and the size of the cities (minor indices in medium size cities). The differentiation of gender was also obtained in relation to the first sexual partner, mainly related to the age (average of 21 years old to women and 16 years old to men p < 0,05), been justified by the higher experience, responsibility, especially in the case of an undesired pregnancy. As factors which predispose to precocious sexual initiation, it was mentioned: the influence of couples, of media, the beliefs and cultural norms, and the use of alcohol. In the second category, Prevention, the nonsystematic use of condom was related to the inexperience, to the existence of negative beliefs, to the unpredictability of the action, to the difficult of obtainment and access, to the lack of information and sort of affective relationship. Only 59% of the adolescents declared to have some knowledge about contraceptive methods, been highlighted the male condom (43%) and the pill (33%), and the major knowledge by the female adolescents (80%). It was described the occurrence of 195 cases of pregnancy and 75 cases of abort. The reasons which led the pregnancy in adolescents are the lack of care, difficulty in the access to the contraceptive method and the guarantee of continuation of the relationship. In the category Vulnerability to AIDS, 83% of the adolescents who had already sexual relations did not think themselves as vulnerable and 15% of the total declared not receive information concerning HIV/AIDS. As sources of information were mentioned school (59%), family (22%), media (18%), and health professionals (16%); this last source with a higher percentage to the women and in the rural area. It is concluded that the normative social speech, mainly associated to the gender roles, reveal beliefs and behaviors in this stage of life, causing more female difficulty to the prevention. It was also observed that the information passed to this population still are presented as biological and moralist, putting in evidence the necessity of interventions which comprises beliefs and norms assumed by this population.
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spelling Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanosAIDSGravidezAdolescênciaVulnerabilidadeAIDSPregnancyAdolescenceVulnerabilityCIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIABased on the conception that beliefs concerning sexuality play an important role in the behavior of adolescents, it was used the Foucault‟s perspective in order to identify the characteristics and analyze the possible associations among the pregnancy in the adolescence, the STDs/AIDS, and the situations of vulnerability of adolescents who live in the state of Paraíba. The sample comprised 8.741 adolescents, been 62% female, in the age range of 12 to 20 years old (average of 16 years old), enrolled in public schools of 34 cities classified based on the demographic size according to the city social indicators. It was used a self-report structured questionnaire and the group technique of focal discussion. In order to analyze the quantitative date, it was used descriptive statistics, been used position and variability measures, besides it, it was performed bivariate tests. The analysis of the group‟s content was performed based on Categories which were determined based on the emerged themes. According to the results, three thematic categories have emerged. The first, which was denominated Sexual Practice (sub-categories: Sexual Initiation and Determinant Factors); the second was denominated Prevention (sub-categories: The Use of Condom and Contraceptive Methods); and the third category, Vulnerability to AIDS (sub-categories: Perception of Vulnerability and Information). Concerning to the Sexual Practice, 2.732 participants declared have an active sexual life (31%), with initiation in 15,6 years old to the women and 14,6 years old to men, with significant statistical difference in relation to the sex (64% male p < 0,001) and the size of the cities (minor indices in medium size cities). The differentiation of gender was also obtained in relation to the first sexual partner, mainly related to the age (average of 21 years old to women and 16 years old to men p < 0,05), been justified by the higher experience, responsibility, especially in the case of an undesired pregnancy. As factors which predispose to precocious sexual initiation, it was mentioned: the influence of couples, of media, the beliefs and cultural norms, and the use of alcohol. In the second category, Prevention, the nonsystematic use of condom was related to the inexperience, to the existence of negative beliefs, to the unpredictability of the action, to the difficult of obtainment and access, to the lack of information and sort of affective relationship. Only 59% of the adolescents declared to have some knowledge about contraceptive methods, been highlighted the male condom (43%) and the pill (33%), and the major knowledge by the female adolescents (80%). It was described the occurrence of 195 cases of pregnancy and 75 cases of abort. The reasons which led the pregnancy in adolescents are the lack of care, difficulty in the access to the contraceptive method and the guarantee of continuation of the relationship. In the category Vulnerability to AIDS, 83% of the adolescents who had already sexual relations did not think themselves as vulnerable and 15% of the total declared not receive information concerning HIV/AIDS. As sources of information were mentioned school (59%), family (22%), media (18%), and health professionals (16%); this last source with a higher percentage to the women and in the rural area. It is concluded that the normative social speech, mainly associated to the gender roles, reveal beliefs and behaviors in this stage of life, causing more female difficulty to the prevention. It was also observed that the information passed to this population still are presented as biological and moralist, putting in evidence the necessity of interventions which comprises beliefs and norms assumed by this population.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESPartindo do pressuposto de que as concepções conferidas à sexualidade têm papel decisivo no comportamento dos adolescentes, fez-se uso da perspectiva foucaultiana com o objetivo de identificar as características e analisar as possíveis associações entre a gravidez na adolescência e as DSTs/AIDS às situações de vulnerabilidade de adolescentes residentes no Estado da Paraíba. A amostra foi composta por 8.741 adolescentes, sendo 62 % do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 12 a 20 anos (média de 16 anos), matriculados em escolas públicas de 34 cidades classificados pelo porte demográfico de acordo com os indicadores sociais municipais. Como instrumento foi utilizado um questionário estruturado auto-aplicável e a técnica de grupo de discussão focal. Para análise dos dados quantitativos, utilizou-se de estatística descritiva, com a utilização de medidas de posição e de variabilidade, além da realização de testes bivariados. A análise dos conteúdos dos grupos foi realizada com base em Categorias determinadas a partir dos temas suscitados. A partir dos resultados, emergiram três categorias temáticas. A primeira denominada Prática Sexual (sub-categorias: Iniciação Sexual e Fatores Determinantes); a segunda denominada Prevenção (sub-categorias: Uso de Preservativo e Métodos Anticoncepcionais); e a terceira categoria, Vulnerabilidade à AIDS (sub-categorias: Percepção de Vulnerabilidade e Informações). No que se refere à Prática Sexual, 2.732 participantes declaram ter vida sexual ativa (31%), com iniciação aos 15,6 anos para o sexo feminino e aos 14,6 anos para o masculino, com diferença estatisticamente significante em relação ao sexo (64% masculino - p<0,001) e porte das cidades (menor índice em cidades de médio porte). A diferenciação de gênero também se manteve em relação ao primeiro parceiro sexual, principalmente em relação à idade (média de 21 anos para o feminino e 16 anos para o masculino - p<0,05), justificado pela maior experiência, responsabilidade, principalmente no caso de uma gravidez indesejada. Como fatores que predispõem à iniciação sexual precoce, foram citados: a influência dos pares, da mídia, as crenças e normas culturais e, o uso de álcool. Na segunda categoria, Prevenção, o uso assistemático do preservativo foi relacionado à inexperiência, a existência de crenças negativas, a imprevisibilidade do ato, a dificuldade de obtenção ou acesso, falta de informações e tipo de vínculo afetivo. Apenas 59% dos adolescentes afirmaram possuir algum conhecimento dos métodos contraceptivos, destacando-se o preservativo masculino (43%) e a pílula (33%), e o maior conhecimento pelas adolescentes (80%). Foi relatada a ocorrência de 195 casos de gravidez e 75 casos de aborto. Os motivos que levam a gravidez na adolescência é o descuido, dificuldade no acesso ao anticoncepcional e a garantia da manutenção do relacionamento. Na categoria Vulnerabilidade à AIDS, 83% dos adolescentes que já tiveram relação sexual não se percebem vulneráveis e 15% do total relataram não receber informações sobre o HIV/AIDS. Como fontes de informação foram citadas a escola (59%), família (22%), mídia (18%) e profissionais de saúde (16%), este último com maior percentual para o feminino e na zona rural. Conclui-se que os discursos sociais normalizantes, principalmente vinculados aos papeis de gênero, demarcam crenças e comportamentos nesta fase da vida, provocando maior dificuldade feminina na prevenção. Observou-se também que as informações repassadas a essa população ainda se apresentam de forma biológica e moralista, colocando em pauta a necessidade de intervenções que abordem as crenças e normas assumidas por essa população.Universidade Federal da Paraí­baBRPsicologia SocialPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia SocialUFPBSaldanha, Ana Alayde Werbahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3894708493299308Ribeiro, Karla Carolina Silveira2015-05-14T13:16:03Z2018-07-23T20:02:57Z2011-10-212018-07-23T20:02:57Z2011-12-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfRIBEIRO, Karla Carolina Silveira. Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos. 2011. 162 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia Social) - Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, João Pessoa, 2011.https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6878porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2018-09-06T01:42:47Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:tede/6878Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2018-09-06T01:42:47Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
title Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
spellingShingle Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
Ribeiro, Karla Carolina Silveira
AIDS
Gravidez
Adolescência
Vulnerabilidade
AIDS
Pregnancy
Adolescence
Vulnerability
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
title_short Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
title_full Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
title_fullStr Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
title_full_unstemmed Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
title_sort Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos
author Ribeiro, Karla Carolina Silveira
author_facet Ribeiro, Karla Carolina Silveira
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Saldanha, Ana Alayde Werba
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3894708493299308
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Ribeiro, Karla Carolina Silveira
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv AIDS
Gravidez
Adolescência
Vulnerabilidade
AIDS
Pregnancy
Adolescence
Vulnerability
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
topic AIDS
Gravidez
Adolescência
Vulnerabilidade
AIDS
Pregnancy
Adolescence
Vulnerability
CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
description Based on the conception that beliefs concerning sexuality play an important role in the behavior of adolescents, it was used the Foucault‟s perspective in order to identify the characteristics and analyze the possible associations among the pregnancy in the adolescence, the STDs/AIDS, and the situations of vulnerability of adolescents who live in the state of Paraíba. The sample comprised 8.741 adolescents, been 62% female, in the age range of 12 to 20 years old (average of 16 years old), enrolled in public schools of 34 cities classified based on the demographic size according to the city social indicators. It was used a self-report structured questionnaire and the group technique of focal discussion. In order to analyze the quantitative date, it was used descriptive statistics, been used position and variability measures, besides it, it was performed bivariate tests. The analysis of the group‟s content was performed based on Categories which were determined based on the emerged themes. According to the results, three thematic categories have emerged. The first, which was denominated Sexual Practice (sub-categories: Sexual Initiation and Determinant Factors); the second was denominated Prevention (sub-categories: The Use of Condom and Contraceptive Methods); and the third category, Vulnerability to AIDS (sub-categories: Perception of Vulnerability and Information). Concerning to the Sexual Practice, 2.732 participants declared have an active sexual life (31%), with initiation in 15,6 years old to the women and 14,6 years old to men, with significant statistical difference in relation to the sex (64% male p < 0,001) and the size of the cities (minor indices in medium size cities). The differentiation of gender was also obtained in relation to the first sexual partner, mainly related to the age (average of 21 years old to women and 16 years old to men p < 0,05), been justified by the higher experience, responsibility, especially in the case of an undesired pregnancy. As factors which predispose to precocious sexual initiation, it was mentioned: the influence of couples, of media, the beliefs and cultural norms, and the use of alcohol. In the second category, Prevention, the nonsystematic use of condom was related to the inexperience, to the existence of negative beliefs, to the unpredictability of the action, to the difficult of obtainment and access, to the lack of information and sort of affective relationship. Only 59% of the adolescents declared to have some knowledge about contraceptive methods, been highlighted the male condom (43%) and the pill (33%), and the major knowledge by the female adolescents (80%). It was described the occurrence of 195 cases of pregnancy and 75 cases of abort. The reasons which led the pregnancy in adolescents are the lack of care, difficulty in the access to the contraceptive method and the guarantee of continuation of the relationship. In the category Vulnerability to AIDS, 83% of the adolescents who had already sexual relations did not think themselves as vulnerable and 15% of the total declared not receive information concerning HIV/AIDS. As sources of information were mentioned school (59%), family (22%), media (18%), and health professionals (16%); this last source with a higher percentage to the women and in the rural area. It is concluded that the normative social speech, mainly associated to the gender roles, reveal beliefs and behaviors in this stage of life, causing more female difficulty to the prevention. It was also observed that the information passed to this population still are presented as biological and moralist, putting in evidence the necessity of interventions which comprises beliefs and norms assumed by this population.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2011-10-21
2011-12-01
2015-05-14T13:16:03Z
2018-07-23T20:02:57Z
2018-07-23T20:02:57Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv RIBEIRO, Karla Carolina Silveira. Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos. 2011. 162 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia Social) - Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, João Pessoa, 2011.
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6878
identifier_str_mv RIBEIRO, Karla Carolina Silveira. Adolescência e sexualidade: vulnerabilidade às DSTS, HIV/AIDS e a gravidez em adolescentes paraibanos. 2011. 162 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia Social) - Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, João Pessoa, 2011.
url https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6878
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba
BR
Psicologia Social
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social
UFPB
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba
BR
Psicologia Social
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social
UFPB
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reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
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repository.name.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
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