Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19413 |
Resumo: | Biosurfactants are metabolic products of yeasts, fungi and bacteria that have high emulsifying capacity and the ability to reduce the surface and interfacial tensions. They have several advantages when compared to chemical surfactants, such as their stability to high temperature, pH and salinity, as well as biodegradability and low toxicity. The use of alternative carbon sources such as agroindustrial wastes for their production is an option to reduce the high costs attached and the environmental impact of the poor disposal of these wastes in the environment. The aim of this work was to select biosurfactant-producing bacteria, to evaluate the production from different substrates as well as to verify the stability of the produced biosurfactant and its application for oil removal from contaminated soil. Twenty bacteria isolated from a sugar-alcohol agroindustry were tested, eight of which were isolated from the soil and twelve isolated from the agroindustrial residue called filter cake. After the selection of the bacteria, the carbon and nitrogen sources were evaluated for the production of biosurfactants. Thus, five substrates were used: cane molasses, vinasse, cassava wastewater, coconut pulp and soybean oil as inductor, and four nitrogen sources: urea, yeast extract, sodium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. A 23factorial experimental design with three replications at central point was carried out in order to evaluate the influence of nitrogen source concentration, aeration and inductor ratio on cell concentration, reduction of surface tension and emulsification index in soybean oil and kerosene. The stability of the cell free broth was tested in terms of temperature (100°C e 120°C), salinity (0-14% m/v) and pH (2-8). The obtained biosurfactant was applied in tests of motor oil removal from contaminated sand. The best results were obtained with the bacteria JS20, isolated from soil. The final surface tension in a medium composed of glucose supplemented with residual soybean oil was 40.56 mN/m and emulsion index of 96.10 in motor oil; in a medium composed of molasses and residual soybean oil, the surface tension was 49.57 mN/m. For carbon and nitrogen sources, the best results were those obtained from cell growth and emulsion index. The medium formulated with molassesas carbon source supplemented with residual soybean oil or coconut pulp as inductor and using ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source were the ones that showed the best emulsification index (IE motor oil = 100%; IE soybean oil = 51%; IEkerosene=42.31%). The results obtained in the experimental design showed that the best condition for the production of biosurfactants was in medium composed of molasses (10 g/L of reducing sugars) supplemented with coconut pulp (20 g/L), 1 g/L of ammonium sulfate and 0.67 of aeration ratio. In this condition, it was obtained 100% of emulsion index in motor oil and 50% in kerosene. The cell free crude broth was stable over a wide range of pH, temperature and salinity. In oil removal from contaminated sand tests, it was possible to achieve a percentage removal of 78.71%. |
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Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativosTensão superficialResíduos agroindustriaisEmulsificaçãoMelaçoSurface tensionAgroindustrial wastesEmulsificationCane molassesCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICABiosurfactants are metabolic products of yeasts, fungi and bacteria that have high emulsifying capacity and the ability to reduce the surface and interfacial tensions. They have several advantages when compared to chemical surfactants, such as their stability to high temperature, pH and salinity, as well as biodegradability and low toxicity. The use of alternative carbon sources such as agroindustrial wastes for their production is an option to reduce the high costs attached and the environmental impact of the poor disposal of these wastes in the environment. The aim of this work was to select biosurfactant-producing bacteria, to evaluate the production from different substrates as well as to verify the stability of the produced biosurfactant and its application for oil removal from contaminated soil. Twenty bacteria isolated from a sugar-alcohol agroindustry were tested, eight of which were isolated from the soil and twelve isolated from the agroindustrial residue called filter cake. After the selection of the bacteria, the carbon and nitrogen sources were evaluated for the production of biosurfactants. Thus, five substrates were used: cane molasses, vinasse, cassava wastewater, coconut pulp and soybean oil as inductor, and four nitrogen sources: urea, yeast extract, sodium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. A 23factorial experimental design with three replications at central point was carried out in order to evaluate the influence of nitrogen source concentration, aeration and inductor ratio on cell concentration, reduction of surface tension and emulsification index in soybean oil and kerosene. The stability of the cell free broth was tested in terms of temperature (100°C e 120°C), salinity (0-14% m/v) and pH (2-8). The obtained biosurfactant was applied in tests of motor oil removal from contaminated sand. The best results were obtained with the bacteria JS20, isolated from soil. The final surface tension in a medium composed of glucose supplemented with residual soybean oil was 40.56 mN/m and emulsion index of 96.10 in motor oil; in a medium composed of molasses and residual soybean oil, the surface tension was 49.57 mN/m. For carbon and nitrogen sources, the best results were those obtained from cell growth and emulsion index. The medium formulated with molassesas carbon source supplemented with residual soybean oil or coconut pulp as inductor and using ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source were the ones that showed the best emulsification index (IE motor oil = 100%; IE soybean oil = 51%; IEkerosene=42.31%). The results obtained in the experimental design showed that the best condition for the production of biosurfactants was in medium composed of molasses (10 g/L of reducing sugars) supplemented with coconut pulp (20 g/L), 1 g/L of ammonium sulfate and 0.67 of aeration ratio. In this condition, it was obtained 100% of emulsion index in motor oil and 50% in kerosene. The cell free crude broth was stable over a wide range of pH, temperature and salinity. In oil removal from contaminated sand tests, it was possible to achieve a percentage removal of 78.71%.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESOs biossurfactantes são moléculas de origem biológica que possuem capacidade emulsificante e de reduzir tensões superficiais e interfaciais, podendo ser obtidos por leveduras, fungos e bactérias. Eles apresentam vantagens quando comparados aos surfactantes de origem química, como tolerância à alta temperatura, pH e salinidade, biodegradabilidade e baixa toxicidade. O emprego de substratos alternativos como resíduos agroindustriais para sua produção é opção para reduzir os custos e o impacto ambiental da má disposição destes resíduos no ambiente. O trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar bactérias produtoras de biossurfactantes, avaliar a produção a partir de diferentes substratos e verificar a estabilidade do biossurfactante produzido, bem como sua aplicação na remoção de óleo adsorvido em solos. Foram testadas 20 bactérias, sendo 8 isoladas do solo e 12 isoladas da torta de filtro de uma agroindústria sucroalcooleira. Após a seleção da bactéria, foi realizada a avaliação das fontes de carbono e nitrogênio para a produção de biossurfactantes. Assim, cinco substratos foram usados: melaço de cana, vinhaça, manipueira, polpa de coco, adicionados de óleo de soja como indutor, e quatro fontes de nitrogênio: ureia, extrato de levedura, nitrato de sódio e sulfato de amônio. Para avaliar a influência da concentração da fonte de nitrogênio, razão de aeração e do indutor na concentração de células, redução de tensão superficial e no índice de emulsificação em óleo de soja e em querosene foi realizado um planejamento experimental fatorial 23 com três repetições no ponto central. Foram realizados testes de estabilidade com o caldo bruto livre de células em relação à temperatura (100°C e 120°C), salinidade (0-14% m/v) e pH (3-10). O biossurfactante obtido foi aplicado em testes de remoção de óleo de motor usado adsorvido em areia da praia. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a linhagem JS20, apresentando tensão superficial final em meio composto de glicose suplementado com óleo de soja residual de 40,56 mN/m e índice de emulsificação em óleo de motor de 96,10%.; em meio com melaço e óleo de soja residual o valor foi de 49,57 mN/m. Para as fontes de carbono e nitrogênio foram considerados os melhores resultados obtidos para o crescimento celular e índice de emulsificação. Os meios formulados com melaço suplementado com óleo de soja residual e polpa de coco como indutor e utilizando sulfato de amônio como fonte de nitrogênio foram os que apresentaram os maiores índices de emulsificação (IEóleo de motor = 100%; IEóleo de soja =51,94% e IEquerosene = 42,31%) e de crescimento celular. Os resultados obtidos no planejamento experimental mostraram que a melhor condição para a produção de biossurfactantes foi em meio com melaço (10 g/L de AR) suplementado com polpa de coco (20g/L), 1 g/L de sulfato de amônio e 0,67 de razão de aeração, apresentando capacidade de emulsificação de 100% em óleo de motor e 50% em querosene. O caldo bruto livre de células foi estável em ampla faixa de pH, temperatura e salinidade. Em testes de remoção de óleo adsorvido em areia foi obtido um percentual de remoção de 78,71%.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilEngenharia QuímicaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia QuímicaUFPBSantos, Sharline Florentino de Melohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4846443214585734Ferreira, Andrea Lopes de Oliveirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5100549429375497Melo, Andressa Laís Maria de2021-02-15T22:40:33Z2020-03-272021-02-15T22:40:33Z2019-03-27info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19413porhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2021-08-12T19:50:50Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/19413Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2021-08-12T19:50:50Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos |
title |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos |
spellingShingle |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos Melo, Andressa Laís Maria de Tensão superficial Resíduos agroindustriais Emulsificação Melaço Surface tension Agroindustrial wastes Emulsification Cane molasses CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos |
title_full |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos |
title_fullStr |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos |
title_sort |
Bioprospecção de bactérias produtoras de biossurfactante em substratos alternativos |
author |
Melo, Andressa Laís Maria de |
author_facet |
Melo, Andressa Laís Maria de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Sharline Florentino de Melo http://lattes.cnpq.br/4846443214585734 Ferreira, Andrea Lopes de Oliveira http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100549429375497 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Melo, Andressa Laís Maria de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Tensão superficial Resíduos agroindustriais Emulsificação Melaço Surface tension Agroindustrial wastes Emulsification Cane molasses CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
topic |
Tensão superficial Resíduos agroindustriais Emulsificação Melaço Surface tension Agroindustrial wastes Emulsification Cane molasses CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
Biosurfactants are metabolic products of yeasts, fungi and bacteria that have high emulsifying capacity and the ability to reduce the surface and interfacial tensions. They have several advantages when compared to chemical surfactants, such as their stability to high temperature, pH and salinity, as well as biodegradability and low toxicity. The use of alternative carbon sources such as agroindustrial wastes for their production is an option to reduce the high costs attached and the environmental impact of the poor disposal of these wastes in the environment. The aim of this work was to select biosurfactant-producing bacteria, to evaluate the production from different substrates as well as to verify the stability of the produced biosurfactant and its application for oil removal from contaminated soil. Twenty bacteria isolated from a sugar-alcohol agroindustry were tested, eight of which were isolated from the soil and twelve isolated from the agroindustrial residue called filter cake. After the selection of the bacteria, the carbon and nitrogen sources were evaluated for the production of biosurfactants. Thus, five substrates were used: cane molasses, vinasse, cassava wastewater, coconut pulp and soybean oil as inductor, and four nitrogen sources: urea, yeast extract, sodium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. A 23factorial experimental design with three replications at central point was carried out in order to evaluate the influence of nitrogen source concentration, aeration and inductor ratio on cell concentration, reduction of surface tension and emulsification index in soybean oil and kerosene. The stability of the cell free broth was tested in terms of temperature (100°C e 120°C), salinity (0-14% m/v) and pH (2-8). The obtained biosurfactant was applied in tests of motor oil removal from contaminated sand. The best results were obtained with the bacteria JS20, isolated from soil. The final surface tension in a medium composed of glucose supplemented with residual soybean oil was 40.56 mN/m and emulsion index of 96.10 in motor oil; in a medium composed of molasses and residual soybean oil, the surface tension was 49.57 mN/m. For carbon and nitrogen sources, the best results were those obtained from cell growth and emulsion index. The medium formulated with molassesas carbon source supplemented with residual soybean oil or coconut pulp as inductor and using ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source were the ones that showed the best emulsification index (IE motor oil = 100%; IE soybean oil = 51%; IEkerosene=42.31%). The results obtained in the experimental design showed that the best condition for the production of biosurfactants was in medium composed of molasses (10 g/L of reducing sugars) supplemented with coconut pulp (20 g/L), 1 g/L of ammonium sulfate and 0.67 of aeration ratio. In this condition, it was obtained 100% of emulsion index in motor oil and 50% in kerosene. The cell free crude broth was stable over a wide range of pH, temperature and salinity. In oil removal from contaminated sand tests, it was possible to achieve a percentage removal of 78.71%. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-27 2020-03-27 2021-02-15T22:40:33Z 2021-02-15T22:40:33Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19413 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19413 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
embargoedAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Engenharia Química Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Engenharia Química Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química UFPB |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
instacron_str |
UFPB |
institution |
UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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