A influência da categorização pelo sotaque na discriminação

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Luana Elayne Cunha de
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6988
• topic: Sotaque; Categorização Social; Preconceito; Discriminação; Accent; Social categorization; Prejudice; Discrimination; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA

This work aims to investigate the role played by accent on the relationship between categorization and discrimination and the psychological mechanism underlying this relation. To this end, three main hypotheses were formulated that guide the execution of four empirical studies. In a scenario of decision-making in recruitment and selection for hiring an employee, four studies were conducted in Portugal. We manipulated candidate s accent, which was Portuguese accent or Brazilian immigrant accent. Then, the participants indicated which applicant should be hired (discrimination measure). Study 1 aims to test the hypothesis that the influence of the categorization of a target by his accent (national vs. immigrant) on discrimination is moderated by prejudice. Seventy-two university students participated in this study (Mage = 21.8, SD = 4.27; 34 male and 37 female), they were randomly allocated to one of two conditions (Portuguese accent vs. Brazilian accent) of a between-subjects unifactorial design. The results showed that the influence of categorization of the target by accent on discrimination is moderated by prejudice, b = .51, t (67) = 2.67, p ˂ .05, η2p = .31, and occur only in more prejudiced participants. Study 2 intended to replicate the previous one and test the hypothesis that the previous tested path is mediated by assessment of candidate s accent, because we believe that the assessment of accent triggers a process of perceives the outgroup member s accent as worst. One hundred and twenty-nine university students participated in this study (Mage = 23.7, SD = 4.83; 60 male and 64 female), they were randomly allocated to one of two conditions, Portuguese accent vs. Brazilian accent. The results reinforce the evidence that categorization of a target assessed by his accent triggers discrimination against this target, and also showed that the influence of categorization by accent on discrimination is mediated by individuals perception of the quality of accent (Z = 2.46, p ˂ .05). Study 3 intended to replicate the previous ones by using a within-subject design and test the alternative hypothesis that the influence of targets categorization on discrimination is due to using stereotypical information. One hundred and five university students participated in this study (Mage = 24.1, SD = 4.37; 58 male and 47 female). The results corroborated our predictions that the influence of categorization by accent on discrimination is moderated by prejudice and mediated only by assessment of accent (Z = 1.98, p ˂ .05). Study 4 seeks to test the hypothesis that the mediation occur because the accent s quality assessment acts as a legitimizing factor of discrimination. Subjects were 27 female and 12 male university students (Mage = 20.5, SD = 3.67), randomly allocated to one of two conditions (justification without mentioned accent vs. justification based on candidate s accent) in a unifactorial between-subjects design. The results showed that the participants judge as more legitimate the condition in it was justified based on accent (M = 4.30, SD = 1.31) than in the other condition (M = 3.25, SD = 1.18), t(35) = -2.54, p ˂ .05. In this sense, the results supports our hypothesis that accent can be legitimate as an argument to justify discrimination. Hence, the implications of these results should be considered as the first step to analyze the role of accent on discrimination.