Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática de mulheres sobre o controle glicêmico frente à Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional

• Autor(a) principal: Queiroz, Viviane Cordeiro de
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/28130
• topic: Diabetes Mellitus; Controle glicêmico - Gestantes; Conhecimentos - Enfermagem; Atitudes - Prática - Saúde; Enfermagem - Atenção Primária em Saúde; Diabetes Gestacional; Health knowledge; Attitudes and practice; Glycemic control; Diabetes gestational; Primary Health Care; Nursing; Conocimientos; Actitudes y prácticas de salud; Control glucémico; Diabetes gestacional; Atención primaria de salud; Enfermería; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is an alteration characterized by glucose intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia, during the gestational period and is associated with increased pregnancy complications and long-term metabolic risks for the woman and baby. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice on glycemic control among pregnant women users of an Integrated Family Health Unit in João Pessoa-PB. Method: This is an evaluative, descriptive, cross-sectional knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey conducted with 98 pregnant women assisted in an Integrated Family Health Unit that belongs to the V Health Sanitary District and covers a subnormal settlement in the municipality of João Pessoa, between July and September 2022, approved by the Research Ethics Committee under protocol number 5.428.279. A form with 44 questions was applied, analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and associations using the Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Tests, with significance ≤ 0.05, as well as the odds ratio and confidence interval. Results: The constructs knowledge, attitude and practice towards glycemic control proved predominantly unsatisfactory, in 61 (62.2%), 66 (67.3%) and 76 (77.6%) participants, respectively. As the main reasons reported for not having glycemic control, 37 (60.6%) women did not think it was necessary, 15 (24.5%) said they did not have financial resources, and 9 (14.7%) verbalized that they had not been oriented. The odds ratio for unsatisfactory knowledge was twice as high in non-white women, who were also more likely to have an unsatisfactory attitude (p=0.020), with 10 times more chance of reaching this outcome (OR=10.577; CI = 1.175-95.183). Among diabetic pregnant women, the younger ones (p=0.024) are eight times more likely to have unsatisfactory knowledge (OR=8.000; CI = 1.279-50.040) and more than six consultations may increase twice the chance of satisfactory attitude (OR=2.000; CI = 1.076-3.717). Regarding practice, women in the age group 18-25 years and those with up to nine years of education have 1.8 times greater chance of unsatisfactory behaviors among diabetic women (OR=1.800; CI = 1.003-3.229). Conclusion: Younger pregnant women and those with low education had higher chances of unsatisfactory knowledge and practice, respectively. Satisfactory attitude related to glycemic control may increase with adequate frequency of pregnant women in routine consultations. Nurses need to develop GDM programs that focus on people with low education. Special attention should be given to primigravidae and those under 26 years of age.