Fracionamento biomonitorado da própolis vermelha de Igarassu, Pernambuco, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Neves, Michelline Viviane Marques das
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6840
• topic: Fracionamento biomonitorado; Própolis vermelha; Perfil palinológico; Bioassay-guided fractionation; Red propolis; Palynological profile; Formononetin; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA

Propolis is an heterogeneous mixture of substances, produced by melliferous bees from plants in close proximity with the bee´s hives. It is usually classified according to its botanical origin and chemical composition that vary according to geographical origin. Studies have shown that red propolis have physicochemical and biological properties that are diverse from other propolis types. There is a scarcety of studies with Brazilian red propolis, and no study with the red propolis from Igarassu (PE, Brazil), and thus its botanical origin, chemical characterization, and pharmacological activities have not been determined. The aim of this study was to perform a bioassay-guided fractionation of two propolis samples, collected from Igarassu, in order to determine the substances responsible for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, antileukemic and leishmanicidal activities, as well as its palynological profile. The samples of propolis were collected in Igarassu-PE, in natura, in May 2012 in two apiaries. They were submitted to palynological analyses to identify the pollen types and their frequency in the samples. Then, samples in natura were powdered, extracted with 96% ethanol and concentrated to obtain the crude ethanol extract. This extract was dissolved in a mixture of methanol:water (1:1, v/v) and partitioned with hexane and ethyl acetate, obtaining the hexane, ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic fractions. The acetate fraction was submitted to column chromatography with Sephadex LH20 for isolation of the compounds. The propolis in natura was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The ethanol extract was evaluated for identification of compounds by HPLC-MS. The propolis in natura, ethanol extract, hexane fraction, ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic were submitted to HPLC analysis for identification and quantification of phenolic compounds. A total of 28 different pollen types belonging to 16 families and 30 genera were found in the samples. The most frequent were: Serjania and Dalbergia (sample 1 April 2011), Fabaceae 1 and Dalbergia (sample 2 April 2011), Stigmaphyllon (sample 1 and 2 May 2012). It was found the presence of flavonoids and steroids in propolis in natura. Twenty five compounds were identified in the crude ethanol extract of the samples 1 and 2. The major compounds belong to the class of flavonols, flavanas, isoflavones and prenylated benzophenones pterocarpans, demonstrating the usefulness of the technique of LC - Orbitrap - FTMS. The chemical profile of samples 1 and 2 of propolis are characterized by the presence of benzophenone. In propolis in natura, ethanol extract, hexane fraction, ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic, we were able to identify and quantify 8 substances, 1 phenolic acid and 7 flavonoids. In the ethyl acetate fraction of sample 1 the isoflavone formononetin was isolated. It is observed that during the fractionation, starting from propolis in natura crushed to formononetin isolated substance, there was an increase in fungistatic power. It is observed that with fractionation, starting from propolis in natura to formononetin isolated substance, there was an increase in fungistatic power. Regarding antioxidant activity against DPPH radical, it was observed that all samples showed antioxidant power, with the exception of isolated formononetin. In descending order, in relation to antioxidant power, the most nonpolar samples had higher activity than polar samples. Both propolis in natura as crude ethanol extract showed strong activity against Leishmania promastigotes of L. amazonensis. The antileukemic activity on the cell line HL- 60 also increased with fractionation.