As representações sociais da evasão escolar para mães adolescentes: contribuição para a enfermagem

• Autor(a) principal: Padilha, Maria Angélica Silveira
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiaca
• Texto Completo: http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/handle/123456789/1863
• topic: Enfermagem; Gravidez na adolescência; Evasão escolar; Nursing; Pregnancy in adolescence; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Adolescence is the period between childhood and maturity with biological, psychological and sexual changes, which is a remarkable time in the life of a person. Maternity becomes more complex when associated to adolescence, for besides dealing with the doubts and conflicts of this age, the young girl still needs to face the impact of a pregnancy that may be meaningful for her. A teenager s life is influenced by the environment and education may play a fundamental role in social inclusion. This study aimed at understanding the social representations of pregnancy and school evasion for the teenage mother. It is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, which uses the Social Representation Theory as reference. The subjects of the study were five teenage mothers, who participated in focus groups in October 2010, at a Teaching Hospital in Pelotas-RS. The data were subjected to thematic analysis and the results showed that the teenage mothers attended public schools in the urban area; came from low-income families; had relatives with low education and during their school life had failed one or two years; suffered grade/age distortion and had evaded school due to pregnancy; did not have a professional occupation. The study also revealed that teenage mothers probably evade school because the school professionals are not prepared to deal with the symptoms of pregnancy - the girls claimed that the changes in their biological functions made it difficult to stay in school. It is also important to review the matter of genre, once the young mothers associated school evasion with social representations: taking care of the children is their responsibility and the financial support is a man s job. The adolescents acknowledged the importance of education as a source of economic rise, instead of seeing it as a true social empowerment taking place through school inclusion, since none of them thought about education as a future ambition to build a better world for themselves. Besides, they point out the lack of public policies to allow them to be in school. There should be improvement in this area, for there are few studies about the relation between nursing, teenage pregnancy and school evasion. Studies like this would make it possible to identify a more social view of teenage pregnancy, characterizing it as one of the causes for women s low education, and consequently, how difficult it is for her to enter the labor market and participate in the society. Nursing can perform a relevant social role in building public policies to motivate these adolescents to stay in and/or go back to school, as a way to guarantee their insertion in the society, avoiding a vicious circle in their life.