The impact of patient navigation on glycemic control, adherence to self-care and knowledge about diabetes : an intervention study

• Autor(a) principal: Foppa, Luciana
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Nemetz, Betina, Matos, Rosimeri de, Schneiders, Josiane, Teló, Gabriela Heiden, Schaan, Beatriz D'Agord
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRGS
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/265756
• topic: Diabetes mellitus; Prevalência; Retinopatia diabética; Revisão sistemática; Metanálise; Patient navigation; Office nursing; Diabetes mellitus, type 1; Process assessment, health care; Health education

Background Patient navigation helps with better adherence to treatment, as well as better knowledge about diabetes and greater interest in performing, monitoring, and seeking health care. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the efect of patient navigation on glycemic control, disease knowledge, adherence to self-care in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods This is an intervention study using a single group pre-test post-test design, carried out in a tertiary public teaching hospital in Southern Brazil. Participants over 18 years of age and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were included. In total, three teleconsultations and one face-to-face consultation were carried out, with three-month intervals, until completing one year of follow-up. The nurse navigator conducted diabetes education based on the guidelines of the Brazilian Diabetes Society and the Nursing Interventions Classifcation. The diferences between glycated hemoglobin, adherence to self-care, and knowledge about initial and fnal diabetes were estimated to verify the efect of patient navigation by nurses, according to the tool applied in the frst and last consultations. Interaction analyses between variables were also performed. Student’s t-test, Generalized Estimating Equations, Wilcoxon test, and McNemar test were used. Results The fnal sample consisted of 152 participants, of which 85 (55.9%) were women, with a mean age of 45±12 years, and diabetes duration of 23.6±11.1 years. Nurse navigators conducted 812 teleconsultations and 158 face-to-face consultations. After the intervention, glycemic control improved in 37 (24.3%) participants (p<0.001), and knowledge about diabetes also improved in 37 (24.3%) participants (p<0.001). Adherence to self-care increased in 82 (53.9%) patients (p<0.001). The analysis of the interaction between glycemic control and the results from the questionnaire of knowledge about diabetes showed an interaction efect (p=0.005). However, we observed no interaction efect between glycemic control and the results from the questionnaire on adherence to self-care (p=0.706). Conclusions Our results showed improvement in glycemic control, adherence to self-care, and knowledge of diabetes in the study participants. In addition, they suggest that patient navigation performed by nurses is promising and feasible in improving care for patients with type 1 diabetes.