Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/26111 |
Resumo: | BACKGROUND: Ayahuasca is a plant tea containing the psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala monoamine-oxidase inhibitors. Acute administration leads to neurophysiological modifications in brain regions of the default mode network, purportedly through a glutamatergic mechanism. Post-acutely, ayahuasca potentiates mindfulness capacities in volunteers and induces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients. However, the mechanisms underlying these fast and maintained effects are poorly understood. Here, we investigated in an open-label uncontrolled study in 16 healthy volunteers ayahuasca-induced post-acute neurometabolic and connectivity modifications and their association with mindfulness measures. METHODS: Using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional connectivity, we compared baseline and post-acute neurometabolites and seed-to-voxel connectivity in the posterior and anterior cingulate cortex after a single ayahuasca dose. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed post-acute reductions in glutamate+glutamine, creatine, and N-acetylaspartate+N-acetylaspartylglutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex. Connectivity was increased between the posterior cingulate cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex, and between the anterior cingulate cortex and limbic structures in the right medial temporal lobe. Glutamate+glutamine reductions correlated with increases in the "nonjudging" subscale of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Increased anterior cingulate cortex-medial temporal lobe connectivity correlated with increased scores on the self-compassion questionnaire. Post-acute neural changes predicted sustained elevations in nonjudging 2 months later. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the involvement of glutamate neurotransmission in the effects of psychedelics in humans. They further suggest that neurometabolic changes in the posterior cingulate cortex, a key region within the default mode network, and increased connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and medial temporal lobe structures involved in emotion and memory potentially underlie the post-acute psychological effects of ayahuasca. |
id |
UFRN_630858e6f97079e6b10582bcf1b7f321 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:https://repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/26111 |
network_acronym_str |
UFRN |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Sampedro, Fredericde la Fuente Revenga, MarioValle, MartaRoberto, NataliaDomínguez-Clavé, ElisabetElices, MatildeLuna, Luís EduardoCrippa, José Alexandre SHallak, Jaime E CAraújo, Dráulio Barros deFriedlander, PabloBarker, Steven AÁlvarez, EnriqueSoler, JoaquimPascual, Juan CFeilding, AmandaRiba, Jordi2018-11-14T12:54:15Z2018-11-14T12:54:15Z2017-06-13SAMPEDRO, F. et al. Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol., v. 20, n. 9, p. 698-711, set./2017.https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2611110.1093/ijnp/pyx036engayahuascahumanmagnetic resonance imagingmindfulnesspsychedelic after-effectsAssessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacitiesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleBACKGROUND: Ayahuasca is a plant tea containing the psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala monoamine-oxidase inhibitors. Acute administration leads to neurophysiological modifications in brain regions of the default mode network, purportedly through a glutamatergic mechanism. Post-acutely, ayahuasca potentiates mindfulness capacities in volunteers and induces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients. However, the mechanisms underlying these fast and maintained effects are poorly understood. Here, we investigated in an open-label uncontrolled study in 16 healthy volunteers ayahuasca-induced post-acute neurometabolic and connectivity modifications and their association with mindfulness measures. METHODS: Using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional connectivity, we compared baseline and post-acute neurometabolites and seed-to-voxel connectivity in the posterior and anterior cingulate cortex after a single ayahuasca dose. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed post-acute reductions in glutamate+glutamine, creatine, and N-acetylaspartate+N-acetylaspartylglutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex. Connectivity was increased between the posterior cingulate cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex, and between the anterior cingulate cortex and limbic structures in the right medial temporal lobe. Glutamate+glutamine reductions correlated with increases in the "nonjudging" subscale of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Increased anterior cingulate cortex-medial temporal lobe connectivity correlated with increased scores on the self-compassion questionnaire. Post-acute neural changes predicted sustained elevations in nonjudging 2 months later. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the involvement of glutamate neurotransmission in the effects of psychedelics in humans. They further suggest that neurometabolic changes in the posterior cingulate cortex, a key region within the default mode network, and increased connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and medial temporal lobe structures involved in emotion and memory potentially underlie the post-acute psychological effects of ayahuasca.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRNinstname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)instacron:UFRNTEXTDraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing the psychedelic.pdf.txtDraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing the psychedelic.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain74827https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/3/DraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing%20the%20psychedelic.pdf.txtdcd2e638587f91d464187478de92e48fMD53THUMBNAILDraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing the psychedelic.pdf.jpgDraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing the psychedelic.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg12208https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/4/DraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing%20the%20psychedelic.pdf.jpgbb4cb1907b97b515410eb8f33ec8b903MD54ORIGINALDraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing the psychedelic.pdfDraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing the psychedelic.pdfDraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing the psychedelicapplication/pdf14012105https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/1/DraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing%20the%20psychedelic.pdfe65aecb2a7a3785319b7b4a101125bccMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/2/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52123456789/261112021-07-08 15:28:54.521oai:https://repositorio.ufrn.br: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Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttp://repositorio.ufrn.br/oai/opendoar:2021-07-08T18:28:54Repositório Institucional da UFRN - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
title |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
spellingShingle |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities Sampedro, Frederic ayahuasca human magnetic resonance imaging mindfulness psychedelic after-effects |
title_short |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
title_full |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
title_fullStr |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
title_sort |
Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities |
author |
Sampedro, Frederic |
author_facet |
Sampedro, Frederic de la Fuente Revenga, Mario Valle, Marta Roberto, Natalia Domínguez-Clavé, Elisabet Elices, Matilde Luna, Luís Eduardo Crippa, José Alexandre S Hallak, Jaime E C Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Friedlander, Pablo Barker, Steven A Álvarez, Enrique Soler, Joaquim Pascual, Juan C Feilding, Amanda Riba, Jordi |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
de la Fuente Revenga, Mario Valle, Marta Roberto, Natalia Domínguez-Clavé, Elisabet Elices, Matilde Luna, Luís Eduardo Crippa, José Alexandre S Hallak, Jaime E C Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Friedlander, Pablo Barker, Steven A Álvarez, Enrique Soler, Joaquim Pascual, Juan C Feilding, Amanda Riba, Jordi |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Sampedro, Frederic de la Fuente Revenga, Mario Valle, Marta Roberto, Natalia Domínguez-Clavé, Elisabet Elices, Matilde Luna, Luís Eduardo Crippa, José Alexandre S Hallak, Jaime E C Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Friedlander, Pablo Barker, Steven A Álvarez, Enrique Soler, Joaquim Pascual, Juan C Feilding, Amanda Riba, Jordi |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
ayahuasca human magnetic resonance imaging mindfulness psychedelic after-effects |
topic |
ayahuasca human magnetic resonance imaging mindfulness psychedelic after-effects |
description |
BACKGROUND: Ayahuasca is a plant tea containing the psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala monoamine-oxidase inhibitors. Acute administration leads to neurophysiological modifications in brain regions of the default mode network, purportedly through a glutamatergic mechanism. Post-acutely, ayahuasca potentiates mindfulness capacities in volunteers and induces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients. However, the mechanisms underlying these fast and maintained effects are poorly understood. Here, we investigated in an open-label uncontrolled study in 16 healthy volunteers ayahuasca-induced post-acute neurometabolic and connectivity modifications and their association with mindfulness measures. METHODS: Using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional connectivity, we compared baseline and post-acute neurometabolites and seed-to-voxel connectivity in the posterior and anterior cingulate cortex after a single ayahuasca dose. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed post-acute reductions in glutamate+glutamine, creatine, and N-acetylaspartate+N-acetylaspartylglutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex. Connectivity was increased between the posterior cingulate cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex, and between the anterior cingulate cortex and limbic structures in the right medial temporal lobe. Glutamate+glutamine reductions correlated with increases in the "nonjudging" subscale of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Increased anterior cingulate cortex-medial temporal lobe connectivity correlated with increased scores on the self-compassion questionnaire. Post-acute neural changes predicted sustained elevations in nonjudging 2 months later. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the involvement of glutamate neurotransmission in the effects of psychedelics in humans. They further suggest that neurometabolic changes in the posterior cingulate cortex, a key region within the default mode network, and increased connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and medial temporal lobe structures involved in emotion and memory potentially underlie the post-acute psychological effects of ayahuasca. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2017-06-13 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2018-11-14T12:54:15Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2018-11-14T12:54:15Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SAMPEDRO, F. et al. Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol., v. 20, n. 9, p. 698-711, set./2017. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/26111 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1093/ijnp/pyx036 |
identifier_str_mv |
SAMPEDRO, F. et al. Assessing the psychedelic "after-glow" in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol., v. 20, n. 9, p. 698-711, set./2017. 10.1093/ijnp/pyx036 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/26111 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) instacron:UFRN |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) |
instacron_str |
UFRN |
institution |
UFRN |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/3/DraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing%20the%20psychedelic.pdf.txt https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/4/DraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing%20the%20psychedelic.pdf.jpg https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/1/DraulioAraujo_ICe_2017_Assessing%20the%20psychedelic.pdf https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/26111/2/license.txt |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
dcd2e638587f91d464187478de92e48f bb4cb1907b97b515410eb8f33ec8b903 e65aecb2a7a3785319b7b4a101125bcc 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UFRN - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1802117612729008128 |