Áreas úmidas no litoral semiárido brasileiro: complexo estuarino do rio Piancó-Piranhas-Açu (RN)

• Autor(a) principal: Saldanha, Denise Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/42799
• topic: Geografia; Geography; Rio Piancó-Piranhas-Açu; River Piancó-Piranhas-Açu; Áreas Úmidas Costeiras; Coastal wetlands

Wetlands are periodically flooded ecosystems, natural or artificial, resulting from the of water from rivers or lakes, has a biodiversity/communities (fauna and flora) that adapt to environmental conditions. Occurring in almost all parts of the globe, in Brazil, these ecosystems are well distributed, representing 20% of the territory, due to the physical conditions (climate, geology, hydrography, geomorphology). According to the ecological, economic and the services that these environments presented, there was a need to make a study, as there are few studies related to the location, distribution and extension of coastal ecosystems in Brazil. The research was based on the hypothesis that a significant diversity of wetlands is found in the Piancó-Piranhas-Açu (RN) estuarine complex due to the influence of the semi-arid climate (natural factors). In this perspective, the present study aimed to perform a classification of the coastal wetlands located in the estuarine zone of the river Piancó-Piranhas-Açu (RN). Study area is located in the municipalities of Macau and Porto do Mangue (RN), being the largest and most complex of the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, about 20 km wide, about 15 km long, make up a system of three estuarine channels: Cavalos, Conchas and Açu. The methodology used in this work was divided into three stages: 1) bibliographical and cartographic survey of the area; 2) cartographic base assembly, digital image processing and classification of the wetlands found in the study area; and 3) preliminary identification of the ecosystem services provided in the estuary area of the river Piancó-Piranhas-Açu (RN). From the bibliographic review and the use of geotechnology tools, six ecosystems were identified: mangrove, apicum, estuary, lagoons, solar salt and shrimp farming; occupying a total area of 299km2 of the study area. It can be observed that in the study area the ecosystem with the greatest extension is like solar salt, occupying around 36% of the total area, referring to a total of 10,740ha the ecosystem with a lower occupancy area is shrimp farming, with only 6% of the total area, referring to 1,965ha. Ecosystem services identified in the estuarine zone are listed according to a CICES classification, divided into provision (local food/ gastronomy, chemical compounds, biofuels, etc), maintenance and regulation (biological filter, water flow maintenance, climate regulation, etc), and cultural (natural remedies, landscape value, etc).Therefore, a monograph proposal becomes of fundamental importance, because there is a need to conserve and conserve those areas, which is a development research, studies and research.