Valorization of cashew apple bagasse using acetic acid pretreatment: production of cellulosic ethanol and lignin for their use as sunscreen ingredients

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Domingos Fabiano de Santana
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Padilha, Carlos Eduardo de Araújo, Nogueira, Cleitiane da Costa, Oliveira Filho, Marcos Antônio, Oliveira, Jackson Araújo de, Santos, Everaldo Silvino dos
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/45107
• topic: Acetic acid; Lignocellulosic material; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Ethanol fermentation; Spent liquor recycling; Sunscreen lotion

The present study focuses on the fractionation of cashew apple bagasse via a pretreatment using acetic acid as a delignifying agent and sulfuric acid as an external catalyst. As expected, the concentrations of both acids and the incubation time dramatically affected delignification and hemicellulose solubilization. Under the optimal pretreatment conditions, recycling of the spent liquor had no apparent impact on the chemical composition of the pretreated material, yield of sugar produced via enzymatic hydrolysis (∼37 g/L reducing sugars at 7.5% (w/v) solid loading), or yield of ethanol obtained via fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (∼16 g/L at 10% (w/ v) solid loading). The lignin recovered from the spent liquor showed a good ultraviolet protective effect; the addition of 5% (w/w) of the biopolymer increased the sun protection factor of a commercial sunscreen lotion from 21.62 to 40.71. The combined use of hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet radiation reduced the organosolv lignin color (absorbance at 450 nm was four times lower) owing to aromatic ring cleavage, but cosmetics containing whitened organosolv lignin had low sun protection factor values. In summary, the results obtained in this study demonstrate the utility of organic acid pretreatment in the valorization of lignocellulosic materials