Remoção de enxofre de óleo diesel utilizando extração por microemulsão e oxidação

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Geneyse Grazielle Cruz Monteiro da
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/38318
• topic: Diesel.; Dessulfurização.; Extração.; Oxidação.; Tensoativo.; Microemulsão.

Diesel is a fuel originated from oil. It is a hydrocarbon fossil that has contaminants such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and metals in small proportions amounts. The problems caused by the emission of gases from the burning of those contaminants are a global concern, because of their contribution for the greenhouse effect and harmfulness to the environment. Conventional fuel sulfur removal methods are very expensive. They have high-energy expenditure and technological limitations such as a need for more efficient catalyzers. This research aimed to develop new alternatives for desulfurizing commercial diesel oil with the technique of liquid-liquid extraction through microemulsion, which is a technique that has low energy expenditure at room temperature and pressure. It was also studied the effect of a previous oxidation with hydrogen peroxide, in order to optimize the extraction process. Initially, pseudoternary diagrams were studied based on the balance of Winsor to select points that would be used in the extraction. The aqueous phase was varied to study the influence of salt concentration. Two experimental designs 2² were carried, both with two factors, with 95% confidence level. For extraction were used as variables the concentrations of CaCl2 (20 and 1500 ppm) and sulfur concentration (300 ppm and 1100 ppm). For extraction with oxidation were used as variables the volume of H2O2 (2 and 10 mL) and time ( 24 and 72 hours), the research used diesel S1100 and the microemulsion with 20 ppm of CaCl2. The previous oxidation is satisfactory when compared to the percentage of isolated extraction removal using the same microemulsion (μ1), and the same diesel oil (S1100). For the extraction were obtained percentage removal of 8.27% and 8.66% using 24 hours stirring and the volume to 10 mL H2O2 oxidation what brought the result of 16.94% removal of the sulfur from the diesel. This study shows that the liquid-liquid extraction through microemulsion is a promising technique for the desulfurization of fuels, being an alternative when associated with other techniques, in order to obtain fuels that meet the quality specifications.