Crit?rios ambientais para estabelecimento de a??es de manejo em plan?cies de inunda??o do Rio Para?ba do Sul

• Autor(a) principal: Baptista, Marcelle Nardelli
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4165
• topic: servi?os ambientais; planejamento ambiental; manejo de recursos h?dricos; environmental services; environmental planning; management of water resources; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal

Floodplain is the range of the terrain in / effluent to flooded river valley, where they perform groundwater recharge and flows regulation, important environmental services. We conducted a survey of the flood plains of the Para?ba do Sul River, located in southeastern Brazil. Through GIS techniques, using ArcGIS 10 and ENVI 4.7 software, the flood plains were isolated and characterized morphometrically. Through cluster analysis, the plains were grouped according to their abilities to management based on the renaturation of its hydrological functions: a) outlier due to the extensive area (unit), b) low potential for management (9 units); c) Average potential renaturation (15 units), d) high potential management (52 units). From this group, we selected flood plain with high management potential, in order to generate information that will enhance the ability of water regulation, spatialising uses of areas as potential for renaturation of hydrological functions of floodplains and the consequent generation of environmental services in the basin of the Para?ba do Sul river was measured height of the groundwater table through the installation and / or measurement of piezometers in urban areas (13 piezometers) in non-urbanized areas (09 piezometers) and the margins of the trough (03 piezometers). Statistical analysis between different situations, we used the method of model identity. Significant difference between the piezometers located in the urbanized area and not urbanized area. We conclude that urbanization inhibits hydrological functions and recommended the shield of non-urbanized areas of the floodplains of the same cluster of the study area through the creation of PAs that direct use by prezem and environmental planning. The total area of floodplain (215,660.22 ha) represents 3.87% of the basin area, demonstrating that focal actions in specific areas of the basin, that protect the functions of floodplains, can bring considerable returns on water regulation and continuity of flow. These actions give higher responses with less investment. The survey and classification of floodplains in accordance with management potential are fundamental to what actions are carried out in locations with favorable deployment of conservation management strategies to increase the storage capacity of water features.