Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Araújo, Adelson Paulo de
Data de Publicação: 1992
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
Texto Completo: https://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9015
Resumo: Foram conduzidos três experimentos em casa-de-vegetação, em solos desinfestados, para avaliar a efetividade de fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares (FMVA) para o tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., cv. Angela I-5100). No primeiro experimento, oito espécies de FMVA e um controle foram testados. Glomus clarum, Glomus etunicatum e Gigaspora margarita foram selecionados, pelo aumento do teor e conteúdo de P na parte aérea e pela sua capacidade infectiva. No segundo experimento, estas três espécies de FMVA e um controle foram comparados em quatro doses de P aplicado (30, 60, 120 e 240 mg P.kg-1 solo). Houve resposta para P até 120 mg.kg-1 na matéria seca de parte aérea e raiz, e até 240 mg.kg-1 na área foliar, teor e conteúdo de P. Em 60 mg.kg-1 as plantas micorrizadas apresentaram maior matéria seca de parte aérea que as não-micorrizadas, sem aumentos no teor e conteúdo de P. Em 30 mg.kg-1 G. clarum e G. margarita foram superiores a G. etunicatum, e em 120 mg.kg-1 G. etunicatum superior a G. clarum, na matéria seca de parte aérea. G. clarum elevou a matéria seca e o conteúdo de P de raiz em relação ao controle. A infecção micorrízica foi maior em 30 e 60 mg.kg-1 do que em 240 mg.kg-1. No terceiro experimento o tomateiro, inoculado ou não com G. etunicatum, foi cultivado em duas doses de P aplicado (60 e 120 mg P.kg-1 solo). Foi utilizado um método funcional de análise de crescimento, com dez coletas semanais (dos 27 aos 90 dias após transplante) e leitura fotométrica de área radicular. Entre os modelos matemáticos testados para ajuste dos dados - Gompertz, Logística, exponenciais polinomiais de 2o grau e de 3o grau - o último foi o escolhido. Foi observada contínua redução da relação matéria seca de raiz:parte aérea (R:S), da área foliar específica, do raio radicular e do teor de P nas partes vegetais. Em 120 mg.kg-1 houve aumento de área foliar, matéria seca e raio radicular, e diminuição da relação R:S. FMVA aumentou a área e matéria seca radicular, e diminuiu o raio radicular. Em 60 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou a matéria seca de caule, e em 120 mg.kg-1 a relação R:S e a área foliar específica. FMVA aumentou o conteúdo de P no caule. Em 120 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou o conteúdo de P na folha, fruto e total. Em 120 mg.kg-1 houve aumento da taxa de crescimento relativo, das taxas de acumulação de P e do fluxo líquido de P, e diminuição da taxa de utilização específica de P. A taxa de assimilação líquida foi pouco afetada. Numa primeira fase, FMVA reduziu as taxas de crescimento, de assimilação líquida e de utilização de P, mais acentuadamente em 120 mg.kg-1. Depois observou-se aumento dessas taxas e retardamento da senescência vegetal. Em 120 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou as taxas de acumulação de P, sem estímulo à fotossíntese, reduzindo a taxa de utilização específica de P. O estímulo de FMVA à produção de raízes acarretou a redução do fluxo líquido de P.
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spelling Araújo, Adelson Paulo deAlmeida, Dejair Lopes deSilva, Eliane Maria Ribeiro daRossiello, Roberto Oscar PereyraAlmeida, Dejair Lopes deSilva, Eliane Maria Ribeiro daRossiello, Roberto Oscar Pereyrahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6175http://lattes.cnpq.br/53940222320153182023-12-21T18:33:31Z2023-12-21T18:33:31Z1992-11-13ARAÚJO, Adelson Paulo de. Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares. 1992. 175 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia, Ciência do Solo) - Instituo de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 1992.https://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9015Foram conduzidos três experimentos em casa-de-vegetação, em solos desinfestados, para avaliar a efetividade de fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares (FMVA) para o tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., cv. Angela I-5100). No primeiro experimento, oito espécies de FMVA e um controle foram testados. Glomus clarum, Glomus etunicatum e Gigaspora margarita foram selecionados, pelo aumento do teor e conteúdo de P na parte aérea e pela sua capacidade infectiva. No segundo experimento, estas três espécies de FMVA e um controle foram comparados em quatro doses de P aplicado (30, 60, 120 e 240 mg P.kg-1 solo). Houve resposta para P até 120 mg.kg-1 na matéria seca de parte aérea e raiz, e até 240 mg.kg-1 na área foliar, teor e conteúdo de P. Em 60 mg.kg-1 as plantas micorrizadas apresentaram maior matéria seca de parte aérea que as não-micorrizadas, sem aumentos no teor e conteúdo de P. Em 30 mg.kg-1 G. clarum e G. margarita foram superiores a G. etunicatum, e em 120 mg.kg-1 G. etunicatum superior a G. clarum, na matéria seca de parte aérea. G. clarum elevou a matéria seca e o conteúdo de P de raiz em relação ao controle. A infecção micorrízica foi maior em 30 e 60 mg.kg-1 do que em 240 mg.kg-1. No terceiro experimento o tomateiro, inoculado ou não com G. etunicatum, foi cultivado em duas doses de P aplicado (60 e 120 mg P.kg-1 solo). Foi utilizado um método funcional de análise de crescimento, com dez coletas semanais (dos 27 aos 90 dias após transplante) e leitura fotométrica de área radicular. Entre os modelos matemáticos testados para ajuste dos dados - Gompertz, Logística, exponenciais polinomiais de 2o grau e de 3o grau - o último foi o escolhido. Foi observada contínua redução da relação matéria seca de raiz:parte aérea (R:S), da área foliar específica, do raio radicular e do teor de P nas partes vegetais. Em 120 mg.kg-1 houve aumento de área foliar, matéria seca e raio radicular, e diminuição da relação R:S. FMVA aumentou a área e matéria seca radicular, e diminuiu o raio radicular. Em 60 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou a matéria seca de caule, e em 120 mg.kg-1 a relação R:S e a área foliar específica. FMVA aumentou o conteúdo de P no caule. Em 120 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou o conteúdo de P na folha, fruto e total. Em 120 mg.kg-1 houve aumento da taxa de crescimento relativo, das taxas de acumulação de P e do fluxo líquido de P, e diminuição da taxa de utilização específica de P. A taxa de assimilação líquida foi pouco afetada. Numa primeira fase, FMVA reduziu as taxas de crescimento, de assimilação líquida e de utilização de P, mais acentuadamente em 120 mg.kg-1. Depois observou-se aumento dessas taxas e retardamento da senescência vegetal. Em 120 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou as taxas de acumulação de P, sem estímulo à fotossíntese, reduzindo a taxa de utilização específica de P. O estímulo de FMVA à produção de raízes acarretou a redução do fluxo líquido de P.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoThree experiments were conducted in the greenhouse, in desinfested soils, to evaluate the effectivity of vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) to the tomato plant (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., cv. Angela I-5100). In the first experiment, eight species of VAMF and a control were tested. Glomus clarum, Glomus etunicatum, and Gigaspora margarita were selected, due to their improve on shoot P concentration and content and their infectivity. In the second experiment, these three VAMF species and a control were compared at four levels of added P (30, 60, 120 and 240 mg P.kg-1 soil). Responses to P levels were observed on shoot and root dry matter up to 120 mg.kg-1, and on leaf area, P concentration and content up to 240 mg.kg-1. At 60 mg.kg-1, mycorrhizal plants showed higher shoot dry matter than the nonmycorrhizal ones, with no increases in P concentration and content. At 30 mg.kg-1, G. clarum and G. margarita were superior to G. etunicatum, and at 120 mg.kg-1, G. etunicatum was superior to G. clarum, with respect to shoot dry matter. G. clarum increased root dry matter and root P content, when compared to the control. The mycorrhizal infection was higher at 30 and 60 mg.kg-1 than at 240 mg.kg-1. In the third experiment, tomato plants, inoculated or not with G. etunicatum, were cultivated at two levels of added P (60 and 120 mg P.kg-1 soil). A functional method of growth analysis was used, with ten weekly harvests (27 until 90 days after transplant) and fotometric measurement of root area. From the mathematical models tested for data adjustment - Gompertz, Logistic, second degree and third degree exponential polynomials - the last one was chosen. A continuous reduction of root:shoot (R:S) ratio (dry matter), specific leaf area, root radius, and P concentration in plant portions were observed. At 120 mg.kg-1, leaf area, dry matter, and root radius were increased, and R:S ratio was decreased. VAMF increased root dry matter and root area, and reduced root radius. At 60 mg.kg-1, VAMF increased stem dry matter, and at 120 mg.kg-1, increased R:S ratio and specific leaf area. VAMF increased stem P content. At 120 mg.kg-1, VAMF increased leaf, fruit and total P content. At 120 mg.kg-1, the relative growth rate, the P accumulation rates, and the net P flux were increased, and the specific P utilization rate was decreased. The net assimilation rate was little affected. In the early stages, VAMF reduced the growth, the net assimilation and the P utilization rates, mainly at 120 mg.kg-1. Thereafter, an increase of these rates was observed, and also a delay in plant senescence. At 120 mg.kg-1, VAMF enhanced P accumulation, with no photosynthetic stimulation, reducing the specific P utilization rate. 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Plant and Soil, The Hague, 38: 509-523, 1973. WILCOX, G.E. Effect of phosphorus fertilization on tomato seedling growth rate. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science, Geneva, 90: 330-334, 1967. WILLIAMS, R.F. The physiology of plant growth with special reference to the concept of net assimilation rate. Annals of Botany, London, 10: 41-72, 1946. WOOLEY, J.T.; BROYER, T.C. Foliar symptoms of deficiency of inorganic elements in tomato. Plant Physiology, Bethesda, 32: 148-151, 1957. YOST, R.S.; FOX, R.L. Influence of mycorrhizae on the mineral contents of cowpea and soybean grown in an Oxisol. 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
title Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
spellingShingle Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
Araújo, Adelson Paulo de
tomateiro
adubação
fósforo
fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
Lycopersicum esculentum
Glomus
Gigaspora
tomato plant
vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
phosphorus
fertilizing
Agronomia
title_short Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
title_full Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
title_fullStr Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
title_full_unstemmed Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
title_sort Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
author Araújo, Adelson Paulo de
author_facet Araújo, Adelson Paulo de
author_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Araújo, Adelson Paulo de
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Almeida, Dejair Lopes de
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Silva, Eliane Maria Ribeiro da
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv Rossiello, Roberto Oscar Pereyra
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Almeida, Dejair Lopes de
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Silva, Eliane Maria Ribeiro da
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Rossiello, Roberto Oscar Pereyra
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6175
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5394022232015318
contributor_str_mv Almeida, Dejair Lopes de
Silva, Eliane Maria Ribeiro da
Rossiello, Roberto Oscar Pereyra
Almeida, Dejair Lopes de
Silva, Eliane Maria Ribeiro da
Rossiello, Roberto Oscar Pereyra
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv tomateiro
adubação
fósforo
fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
Lycopersicum esculentum
Glomus
Gigaspora
topic tomateiro
adubação
fósforo
fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares
Lycopersicum esculentum
Glomus
Gigaspora
tomato plant
vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
phosphorus
fertilizing
Agronomia
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv tomato plant
vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
phosphorus
fertilizing
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv Agronomia
description Foram conduzidos três experimentos em casa-de-vegetação, em solos desinfestados, para avaliar a efetividade de fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares (FMVA) para o tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., cv. Angela I-5100). No primeiro experimento, oito espécies de FMVA e um controle foram testados. Glomus clarum, Glomus etunicatum e Gigaspora margarita foram selecionados, pelo aumento do teor e conteúdo de P na parte aérea e pela sua capacidade infectiva. No segundo experimento, estas três espécies de FMVA e um controle foram comparados em quatro doses de P aplicado (30, 60, 120 e 240 mg P.kg-1 solo). Houve resposta para P até 120 mg.kg-1 na matéria seca de parte aérea e raiz, e até 240 mg.kg-1 na área foliar, teor e conteúdo de P. Em 60 mg.kg-1 as plantas micorrizadas apresentaram maior matéria seca de parte aérea que as não-micorrizadas, sem aumentos no teor e conteúdo de P. Em 30 mg.kg-1 G. clarum e G. margarita foram superiores a G. etunicatum, e em 120 mg.kg-1 G. etunicatum superior a G. clarum, na matéria seca de parte aérea. G. clarum elevou a matéria seca e o conteúdo de P de raiz em relação ao controle. A infecção micorrízica foi maior em 30 e 60 mg.kg-1 do que em 240 mg.kg-1. No terceiro experimento o tomateiro, inoculado ou não com G. etunicatum, foi cultivado em duas doses de P aplicado (60 e 120 mg P.kg-1 solo). Foi utilizado um método funcional de análise de crescimento, com dez coletas semanais (dos 27 aos 90 dias após transplante) e leitura fotométrica de área radicular. Entre os modelos matemáticos testados para ajuste dos dados - Gompertz, Logística, exponenciais polinomiais de 2o grau e de 3o grau - o último foi o escolhido. Foi observada contínua redução da relação matéria seca de raiz:parte aérea (R:S), da área foliar específica, do raio radicular e do teor de P nas partes vegetais. Em 120 mg.kg-1 houve aumento de área foliar, matéria seca e raio radicular, e diminuição da relação R:S. FMVA aumentou a área e matéria seca radicular, e diminuiu o raio radicular. Em 60 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou a matéria seca de caule, e em 120 mg.kg-1 a relação R:S e a área foliar específica. FMVA aumentou o conteúdo de P no caule. Em 120 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou o conteúdo de P na folha, fruto e total. Em 120 mg.kg-1 houve aumento da taxa de crescimento relativo, das taxas de acumulação de P e do fluxo líquido de P, e diminuição da taxa de utilização específica de P. A taxa de assimilação líquida foi pouco afetada. Numa primeira fase, FMVA reduziu as taxas de crescimento, de assimilação líquida e de utilização de P, mais acentuadamente em 120 mg.kg-1. Depois observou-se aumento dessas taxas e retardamento da senescência vegetal. Em 120 mg.kg-1 FMVA aumentou as taxas de acumulação de P, sem estímulo à fotossíntese, reduzindo a taxa de utilização específica de P. O estímulo de FMVA à produção de raízes acarretou a redução do fluxo líquido de P.
publishDate 1992
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 1992-11-13
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2023-12-21T18:33:31Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2023-12-21T18:33:31Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv ARAÚJO, Adelson Paulo de. Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares. 1992. 175 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia, Ciência do Solo) - Instituo de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 1992.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9015
identifier_str_mv ARAÚJO, Adelson Paulo de. Crescimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) adubado com fósforo e colonizado com fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares. 1992. 175 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia, Ciência do Solo) - Instituo de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 1992.
url https://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9015
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
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