Caracteriza??o das emiss?es sonoras de baleia jubarte, Megaptera novaeangliae ( Borowski, 1781) na regi?o de Abrolhos no per?odo de 2005 a 2016

• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Eduardo Cabral Casado
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5079
• topic: Bioac?stica; Can??o; Megaptera novaeangliae; Bioacustic; Song; Biologia Geral

The objective of this study was to analyze the variation of the structure of the humpback whale song (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Abrolhos Bank Region during the period from 2005 to 2016, describing the hierarchical level of Phrases and Themes throughout this period. Humpback whale sound recordings were conducted by the Baleia Jubarte Institute (IBJ) team from 2005 to 2016, in the Abrolhos region, Bahia, Brazil. The reading of the hierarchical level of Phrases and Themes was carried out from the Raven 1.5 software, with five parameters being evaluated: (1) Lowest Frequency (Hz); (2) Higher frequency (Hz); (3) Frequency delta (Hz); (4) Peak Frequency (Hz); (5) Delta duration (s). The mean, standard deviation (Dp), minimum value (Vmin) and maximum value (Vmax) of each parameter in each sentence were calculated. Student's t-test, applied in the Phrases that occurred in two years and analysis of variances (ANOVA) and the Tukey test applied in the Phrases that occurred in three years were carried out to verify if there were significant variations between the years of study. At the hierarchical level of Themes, the units that composed the phrases with the best visualization for analysis of the measurement of two parameters measured in Raven 1.5 software were selected: (1) Peak frequency (Hz) and (2) duration of time (s). We analyzed 6 hours, 07 minutes and 04 seconds with a 9-year scope for the study, being only the year 2010, presenting many noises in the samples, therefore not used in the analyzes. The results show a number of 16 Phrases and 13 Themes over the years of study. It is evidenced, therefore, that the song of the humpback whale is quite variable in relation to its structures, Units, Phrases and Themes, not presenting a fixed pattern in its song. Phrases and Themes that were found in this work, were also found around the world. An example is theme 5, composed of the phrase 6, which in 2006 is very similar to that found in Madagascar the same year. This fact may suggest that there is a transmission of learning in the feeding areas which may be occurring in the Antarctic food area. The monitoring over the years will allow us to evaluate the changes that occur in the reproductive seasons, helping to understand the evolution of the Themes and Phrases, reinforcing the idea that there may be similarities between them with populations from other places around the world.