Cultivo org?nico do feijoeiro pelo sistema de plantio direto utilizando milheto e crotal?ria como cobertura morta

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Luiz Cl?udio
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2955
• topic: Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Trichoderma; Plantio direto; no-tillage; Agronomia

Brazil is the second largest producer of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). In the 2009-2010 harvest was recorded total area of 3.4 million ha and production of 3.2 million tons, 70% of production from family farming. The conventional bean planting is subject to various cause environmental damage, including environmental contamination by the use of pesticides and soil degradation through the misuse of agricultural machinery. Farmers mining Forest Zone face problems in bean cultivation due to high incidence of white mold and lack of technologies suited to cultivation in their irregular relief. The use of no-tillage in organic agriculture is related to the various benefits provided, they can stand out from the soil protection against erosion, nutrient supply the succession of plants through the use of green manure, the suppression of weeds and the possibility control plant pathogens in the soil. The cultivation of green manure in the fallow, especially legumes and grasses, preceding the beans in direct sowing culture, has been a promising alternative for the supplementation of N, providing increased productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of management of mulch associated with the addition of Trichoderma on the agronomic characteristics of the bean in areas infested with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, causative pathogen of white mold. The experiment was conducted in the city of Coimbra, located in the region of Minas Gerais Forest Zone, using a split plot experimental design with three replications. The treatments consisted of different arrangements, combining two kinds of coverage, with a legume (sunnhemp - Crotalaria juncea) and other grass (Pennisetum americanum sin millet-tiphoydes.). Additionally, we considered portions without covering (control). Thus, the treatments were: single sunnhemp; millet single; sunnhemp + millet without cover. The subplots received two different treatments, with the addition or not of Trichoderma. For evaluations, were observed incidence and severity of white mold and productive bean parameters. At the end of the experiment it was observed that the different arrangements of cover crops suppressed the spontaneous vegetation. The use of Trichoderma did not influence the severity and incidence of white mold in dry beans. The pre-cultivation of cover crops did not interfere significantly in the occurrence and severity of white mold can therefore be used as conservation management in areas with occurrence of Sclerotinea sclerotiorum.