Dinâmicas ambientais e transformações da paisagem no cerrado piauiense

• Autor(a) principal: Barbosa, Anézia Maria Fonsêca
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5574
• topic: Paisagens; Geografia agrícola; Geografia ambiental; Meio ambiente - Piauí (Brasil); Agricultural geography; Environmental geography; Landscape; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA

The production system in Brazil has been increasingly consolidated in the global circuit of food and grain production. The measures promoted by the Brazilian managers during the second half of the 20th century facilitated the expansion of the agricultural frontier, creating proper territories for the development of this economic activity. Thus, the region comprising the Savanna bioma received a big part of the public policies developed as a way of enabling the increase of the agricultural circuit throughout the Brazilian territory. Moreover, this expansion has been accompanied by strong processes of spatial transformations in a considerable part of Brazil, which causes a very accentuated change in the natural and social environments of the places directly involved with this economic activity. In the Northeast, for example, the state of Piauí was included in this organizational logic of the world market at the end of the last century, as this condition has contributed to the new socioenvironmental organizations that have promoted conflict in local ecosystems. Thus, this paper aims at analyzing the environmental dynamics derived from the agricultural expansion that led to the transformation of the landscape in the municipalities of Piauí cerrado, which triggered environmental impacts. Thus, the methodology used in this study is divided into three stages: the first stage is the cabinet one, which involves the bibliographic and cartographic surveys and images. The second stage corresponds to the field to collect the primary data and the photographic records, and the third and last stage corresponds to the synthesis which is the moment of analysis of the results, of the maps that confirm the hypothesis. We also emphasize that the theoretical-methodological model used in the research is the GTP, ie Geosystem, Territory, Landscape, proposed by Bertrand (1971), which provides an understanding of the object from a systemic and inclusive view of all physical and anthropogenic elements that constitute the geographic space, moreover, one can more closely get involved with the relationship between society and nature. Thus, the analysis has concluded that the appropriation of the Piauiense space by the modern agriculture has contributed to diversify and organize several territories of production of grain or small settlements, which have provided the emergence of various social environments very different from each other not only in countryside but also in the city. Thus, the expansion of trade, the splitting of the urban zone into rich and poor areas, the lack of sanitation, the poor accommodation of the urban waste, the releasing of sewage into water sources, the exploitation of minerals, among other aspects, are the main conflicts identified in the surveyed area, which promote, at every moment, dynamics in the local settings.