Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFS |
Texto Completo: | https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17969 |
Resumo: | In the Lower São Francisco River, northeast of Brazil, information on the effects of constant environmental changes caused by climatic and anthropic variations is still scarce. Thus, continuous environmental monitoring is necessary to develop mitigating actions to understand geoenvironmental changes and evolutionary dynamics over time. The first study was carried out to analyze changes in land usage and occupation, changes in vegetation pattern, and landscape metrics, in a stretch of Permanent Preservation Area, in the region of Santana do São Francisco, through satellite images from Sentinel 2A. The total studied area corresponds to 596 ha, and 60% of the riparian areas are degraded. The relevant forest fragments are distant and with little or no connectivity. It makes it possible to infer the risks to genetic diversity, both locally and regionally, concerning autochthonous resources. In a second study, the geomorphological changes in the São Francisco River canal, near its mouth, were analyzed via the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and the changes in the left river bank, from 1986 to 2020. For this, Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images were used. In the studied region, the sedimented areas above the river water level occupy 10.64 km2, 22% more, considering the beginning of the evaluation (1986). The São Francisco River lost approximately 20% of its area. Rainfall and flow data present a positive correlation with MNDWI values; and negative for those of sedimentation. There was an advance of about 86.36m into the river, for each transect. In a third study, the development stage of a stretch of a riparian forest area under restoration process was evaluated, after 18 years of implantation, through the analysis of the landscape and biotic and edaphic indicators. It was observed that in 2010 the restored area had 100% of the soil covered with dense vegetation. In the seed rain, the presence of 1,198 propagules, belonging to 27 different species, was observed. The seed bank presented only species of arboreal habit. In the seedling bank, 28 botanical families were recorded and 57% of the individuals belong to the arboreal-shrubby structure of the forest. There was an increase in biomass, gross primary production of CO2, and soil fertility improved over time with restoration actions, proving the reestablishment of its ecological functions. In the region, there are changes in the forest, hydrological and geomorphological levels. The São Francisco River canal responds to any environmental change. The reforestation carried out in the riparian forest area has brought benefits to the region and can serve as a model for future restoration projects. The methodology was based on the analysis of the conservation stage of the region in forest and geomorphological aspects, and it can be applied to evaluate regions with similar physiographic features. |
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Torres, Maria Fernanda OliveiraFerreira, Robério Anastácio2023-07-28T22:19:43Z2023-07-28T22:19:43Z2022-02-07TORRES, Maria Fernanda Oliveira. Alterações de paisagem na região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental. 2022 111 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agricultura e Biodiversidade) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 2022.https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17969In the Lower São Francisco River, northeast of Brazil, information on the effects of constant environmental changes caused by climatic and anthropic variations is still scarce. Thus, continuous environmental monitoring is necessary to develop mitigating actions to understand geoenvironmental changes and evolutionary dynamics over time. The first study was carried out to analyze changes in land usage and occupation, changes in vegetation pattern, and landscape metrics, in a stretch of Permanent Preservation Area, in the region of Santana do São Francisco, through satellite images from Sentinel 2A. The total studied area corresponds to 596 ha, and 60% of the riparian areas are degraded. The relevant forest fragments are distant and with little or no connectivity. It makes it possible to infer the risks to genetic diversity, both locally and regionally, concerning autochthonous resources. In a second study, the geomorphological changes in the São Francisco River canal, near its mouth, were analyzed via the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and the changes in the left river bank, from 1986 to 2020. For this, Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images were used. In the studied region, the sedimented areas above the river water level occupy 10.64 km2, 22% more, considering the beginning of the evaluation (1986). The São Francisco River lost approximately 20% of its area. Rainfall and flow data present a positive correlation with MNDWI values; and negative for those of sedimentation. There was an advance of about 86.36m into the river, for each transect. In a third study, the development stage of a stretch of a riparian forest area under restoration process was evaluated, after 18 years of implantation, through the analysis of the landscape and biotic and edaphic indicators. It was observed that in 2010 the restored area had 100% of the soil covered with dense vegetation. In the seed rain, the presence of 1,198 propagules, belonging to 27 different species, was observed. The seed bank presented only species of arboreal habit. In the seedling bank, 28 botanical families were recorded and 57% of the individuals belong to the arboreal-shrubby structure of the forest. There was an increase in biomass, gross primary production of CO2, and soil fertility improved over time with restoration actions, proving the reestablishment of its ecological functions. In the region, there are changes in the forest, hydrological and geomorphological levels. The São Francisco River canal responds to any environmental change. The reforestation carried out in the riparian forest area has brought benefits to the region and can serve as a model for future restoration projects. The methodology was based on the analysis of the conservation stage of the region in forest and geomorphological aspects, and it can be applied to evaluate regions with similar physiographic features.Na região do Baixo São Francisco, Nordeste do Brasil, informações sobre os efeitos das constantes alterações ambientais causadas pelas variações climáticas e antrópicas ainda são escassas. Assim, faz-se necessário o monitoramento ambiental contínuo para desenvolver ações mitigatórias, visando entender as alterações geoambientais e a dinâmica evolutiva no tempo. O primeiro estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de analisar as modificações no uso e ocupação dos solos, as alterações no padrão vegetacional e nas métricas da paisagem, em trecho de Área de Preservação Permanente, na região de Santana do São Francisco, por meio de imagens de satélite do Sentinel 2A. A área total estudada corresponde a 596 ha e 60% das áreas ciliares encontram-se degradadas. Os fragmentos florestais relevantes encontram-se distantes e com pouca ou nenhuma conectividade. Isso permite inferir sobre os riscos à diversidade genética, tanto local quanto regional, em relação aos recursos autóctones. Em um segundo estudo, analisou-se as modificações geomorfológicas na calha do Rio São Francisco, próximo à sua foz, via Índice de Água por Diferença Normalizada Modificado (MNDWI) e as alterações da margem esquerda do rio, no período de 1986 e 2020. Para isto, foram utilizadas imagens dos satélites Landsat 5 e 8. Na região estudada, as áreas sedimentadas acima do nível das águas do rio ocupam 10,64 km2, 22% a mais, considerando o início da avaliação (1986). O Rio São Francisco perdeu aproximadamente 20% da sua área. Os dados de chuva e vazão apresentam correlação positiva com os valores de MNDWI; e negativa para os de sedimentação. Houve um avanço de cerca de 86,36 m rio adentro, para cada transecto. Em um terceiro estudo, foi avaliado o estágio de desenvolvimento de um trecho de área de mata ciliar sob processo de restauração florestal, após 18 anos de implantação, por meio da análise da paisagem e indicadores bióticos e edáficos. Observou-se que no ano de 2010 a área restaurada apresentava 100% do solo coberto com vegetação densa. Na chuva de sementes foi observada a presença de 1.198 propágulos, pertencentes a 27 espécies distintas. O banco de sementes apresentou somente espécies de hábito arbóreo. No banco de plântulas foram registradas 28 famílias botânicas e 57% dos indivíduos são pertencentes à estrutura arbórea-arbustiva da floresta. Houve incremento de biomassa, produção primária bruta de CO2 e a fertilidade do solo melhorou ao longo do tempo, com as ações de restauração, comprovando o reestabelecimento das suas funções ecológicas. Na região ocorrem alterações em níveis florestais, hidrológicos e geomorfológicos. A calha do Rio São Francisco responde a qualquer alteração ambiental. O reflorestamento realizado na área de mata ciliar trouxe benefícios à região e pode servir como modelo para futuros projetos de restauração. A metodologia se apoiou na estratégia de análise do estágio de conservação da região no aspecto florestal e geomorfológico, e pode ser aplicada para avaliar regiões com características fisiográficas semelhantes.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporHidrologiaSensoriamento remotoEcologia das paisagensDegradação ambientalPaisagensDesenvolvimento de recursos hídricosRecharge areasRemote sensingLandscape ecologyRiver systemsEnvironmental degradationDegraded areas recoveryCIENCIAS AGRARIASAlterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambientalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisPós-Graduação em Agricultura e BiodiversidadeUniversidade Federal de Sergipereponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSinstname:Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)instacron:UFSinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessORIGINALMARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdfMARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdfapplication/pdf5844318https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17969/2/MARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdfaebfb3f1f129cf049b05fac0f9109314MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81475https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17969/1/license.txt098cbbf65c2c15e1fb2e49c5d306a44cMD51TEXTMARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdf.txtMARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain302188https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17969/3/MARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdf.txt6da7dd1081e7ac474b16b5f101b6f9c9MD53THUMBNAILMARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdf.jpgMARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1365https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17969/4/MARIA_FERNANDA_OLIVEIRA_TORRES.pdf.jpg90007f49337bbefef42e0c645b532fe8MD54riufs/179692023-07-28 19:19:49.877oai:ufs.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://ri.ufs.br/oai/requestrepositorio@academico.ufs.bropendoar:2023-07-28T22:19:49Repositório Institucional da UFS - Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental |
title |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental |
spellingShingle |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental Torres, Maria Fernanda Oliveira Hidrologia Sensoriamento remoto Ecologia das paisagens Degradação ambiental Paisagens Desenvolvimento de recursos hídricos Recharge areas Remote sensing Landscape ecology River systems Environmental degradation Degraded areas recovery CIENCIAS AGRARIAS |
title_short |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental |
title_full |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental |
title_fullStr |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental |
title_full_unstemmed |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental |
title_sort |
Alterações de paisagem na Região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental |
author |
Torres, Maria Fernanda Oliveira |
author_facet |
Torres, Maria Fernanda Oliveira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Torres, Maria Fernanda Oliveira |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Robério Anastácio |
contributor_str_mv |
Ferreira, Robério Anastácio |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Hidrologia Sensoriamento remoto Ecologia das paisagens Degradação ambiental Paisagens Desenvolvimento de recursos hídricos |
topic |
Hidrologia Sensoriamento remoto Ecologia das paisagens Degradação ambiental Paisagens Desenvolvimento de recursos hídricos Recharge areas Remote sensing Landscape ecology River systems Environmental degradation Degraded areas recovery CIENCIAS AGRARIAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Recharge areas Remote sensing Landscape ecology River systems Environmental degradation Degraded areas recovery |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS AGRARIAS |
description |
In the Lower São Francisco River, northeast of Brazil, information on the effects of constant environmental changes caused by climatic and anthropic variations is still scarce. Thus, continuous environmental monitoring is necessary to develop mitigating actions to understand geoenvironmental changes and evolutionary dynamics over time. The first study was carried out to analyze changes in land usage and occupation, changes in vegetation pattern, and landscape metrics, in a stretch of Permanent Preservation Area, in the region of Santana do São Francisco, through satellite images from Sentinel 2A. The total studied area corresponds to 596 ha, and 60% of the riparian areas are degraded. The relevant forest fragments are distant and with little or no connectivity. It makes it possible to infer the risks to genetic diversity, both locally and regionally, concerning autochthonous resources. In a second study, the geomorphological changes in the São Francisco River canal, near its mouth, were analyzed via the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and the changes in the left river bank, from 1986 to 2020. For this, Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images were used. In the studied region, the sedimented areas above the river water level occupy 10.64 km2, 22% more, considering the beginning of the evaluation (1986). The São Francisco River lost approximately 20% of its area. Rainfall and flow data present a positive correlation with MNDWI values; and negative for those of sedimentation. There was an advance of about 86.36m into the river, for each transect. In a third study, the development stage of a stretch of a riparian forest area under restoration process was evaluated, after 18 years of implantation, through the analysis of the landscape and biotic and edaphic indicators. It was observed that in 2010 the restored area had 100% of the soil covered with dense vegetation. In the seed rain, the presence of 1,198 propagules, belonging to 27 different species, was observed. The seed bank presented only species of arboreal habit. In the seedling bank, 28 botanical families were recorded and 57% of the individuals belong to the arboreal-shrubby structure of the forest. There was an increase in biomass, gross primary production of CO2, and soil fertility improved over time with restoration actions, proving the reestablishment of its ecological functions. In the region, there are changes in the forest, hydrological and geomorphological levels. The São Francisco River canal responds to any environmental change. The reforestation carried out in the riparian forest area has brought benefits to the region and can serve as a model for future restoration projects. The methodology was based on the analysis of the conservation stage of the region in forest and geomorphological aspects, and it can be applied to evaluate regions with similar physiographic features. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2022-02-07 |
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2023-07-28T22:19:43Z |
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2023-07-28T22:19:43Z |
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
TORRES, Maria Fernanda Oliveira. Alterações de paisagem na região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental. 2022 111 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agricultura e Biodiversidade) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 2022. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17969 |
identifier_str_mv |
TORRES, Maria Fernanda Oliveira. Alterações de paisagem na região do Baixo São Francisco e estratégias para a restauração ambiental. 2022 111 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agricultura e Biodiversidade) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 2022. |
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Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade |
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Universidade Federal de Sergipe |
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