Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFS |
Texto Completo: | http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17087 |
Resumo: | The use of natural gas is growing worldwide due to its low pollution potential. Although it is composed by light hydrocarbons, besides contaminants as CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2S (hydrogen sulfide). These compounds are corrosive to steel (in the presence of moisture) and H2S has an additional trouble of being a toxic substance. Therefore, the removal of this natural gas contaminant is crucial to reduce operating costs and the environmental impacts associated with its use. Various processes for removing H2S are used in industry mainly those ones using alkyl amines, widely used in continuous processes in most processing plants along the world. Motivated by the existence of stranded natural gas fields having high H2S concentrations, similar to the situation in associated gas from sub-salt oilfields, this theoretical work based on a previous experimental study by the same authors, aims the mathematical modeling of hydrogen sulfide removal from natural gas through chemical absorption in a bubble column containing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide as absorbent, operating in a semi-continuous fashion. At the gas outlet, a device measured H2S concentration over time and recorded the medium saturation. Mathematical modeling of this process led to the solution of an equation system derived from the phenomenological treatment of the chemical absorption process, validated against available experimental data. Global volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KGa) and kinetics parameters were estimated. The simulations were performed using the computational package EMSO - Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization, which is an environment with capabilities similar to the classic structured languages, with the advantage of having a friendlier interface. The results supported the determination of the controlling step, predicted values of the parameters of the absorption process with satisfactory adjustment level, and allowed the study of system behavior in situations other than those ones studied experimentally. |
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Lima Sobrinho, Raimundo AlvesMarques, José JailtonSantana, Pedro Leite de2023-02-07T23:58:05Z2023-02-07T23:58:05Z2015-02-27LIMA SOBRINHO, Raimundo Alves. Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural. 2015. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2015.http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17087The use of natural gas is growing worldwide due to its low pollution potential. Although it is composed by light hydrocarbons, besides contaminants as CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2S (hydrogen sulfide). These compounds are corrosive to steel (in the presence of moisture) and H2S has an additional trouble of being a toxic substance. Therefore, the removal of this natural gas contaminant is crucial to reduce operating costs and the environmental impacts associated with its use. Various processes for removing H2S are used in industry mainly those ones using alkyl amines, widely used in continuous processes in most processing plants along the world. Motivated by the existence of stranded natural gas fields having high H2S concentrations, similar to the situation in associated gas from sub-salt oilfields, this theoretical work based on a previous experimental study by the same authors, aims the mathematical modeling of hydrogen sulfide removal from natural gas through chemical absorption in a bubble column containing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide as absorbent, operating in a semi-continuous fashion. At the gas outlet, a device measured H2S concentration over time and recorded the medium saturation. Mathematical modeling of this process led to the solution of an equation system derived from the phenomenological treatment of the chemical absorption process, validated against available experimental data. Global volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KGa) and kinetics parameters were estimated. The simulations were performed using the computational package EMSO - Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization, which is an environment with capabilities similar to the classic structured languages, with the advantage of having a friendlier interface. The results supported the determination of the controlling step, predicted values of the parameters of the absorption process with satisfactory adjustment level, and allowed the study of system behavior in situations other than those ones studied experimentally.O uso do gás natural vem crescendo em todo o mundo devido ao seu baixo potencial poluidor. Embora seja composto basicamente de hidrocarbonetos leves, apresenta também em sua composição gases contaminantes como CO2 (dióxido de carbono) e H2S (sulfeto de hidrogênio). Esses gases ácidos são corrosivos ao aço (em presença de umidade) e o H2S tem o agravante de ser uma substância tóxica. Portanto, a remoção deste contaminante do gás natural é crucial para a redução dos custos operacionais e para a redução dos impactos ambientais associados ao seu uso. Vários processos para remoção do H2S do gás natural são utilizados na indústria, com destaque para os que utilizam alquilaminas, largamente utilizadas em processos contínuos na maioria das plantas de processamento em todo o mundo. Motivado pela existência de campos em áreas isoladas com altas concentrações de H2S no gás produzido, a exemplo do que acontece atualmente no pré-sal e em campos de gás não associado de áreas remotas, este trabalho de cunho teórico, porém baseado num estudo experimental prévio do mesmo autor do presente trabalho, visa à modelagem matemática do processo de remoção do H2S do gás natural por absorção com reação química, utilizando o método da lavagem alcalina numa coluna de borbulhamento contendo uma solução aquosa de hidróxido de sódio, a qual operava de modo contínuo em relação ao gás e em batelada em relação ao líquido. À saída da coluna um equipamento media a concentração de H2S ao longo do tempo e registrava a saturação do meio. A modelagem matemática desse processo culminou com a solução de um sistema de equações oriundo do tratamento fenomenológico do processo de absorção com reação química, validando-se as soluções do mesmo com dados experimentais disponíveis. Para a transferência de massa, foi obtido o coeficiente volumétrico global de transferência de massa ( ) e, para a cinética de reação, foram estimados a constante da taxa de velocidade de reação ( ) e demais parâmetros cinéticos. As simulações foram executadas utilizando-se o pacote computacional EMSO – Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization, que é um ambiente com potencialidades semelhantes às linguagens estruturadas clássicas, com a vantagem de apresentar-se mais amigável ao usuário. Os resultados subsidiaram a determinação da etapa controladora e predisseram os valores dos parâmetros do processo de absorção com nível de ajuste satisfatório, bem como permitiu o estudo do comportamento do sistema em situações distintas das que foram estudadas experimentalmente.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESSão CristóvãoporEngenharia químicaGás naturalQuímicaAbsorçãoDessulfuraçãoAbsorção químicaDessulfurizaçãoNatural gasChemical absorptionDesulphurizationENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICAModelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás naturalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisPós-Graduação em Engenharia QuímicaUniversidade Federal de Sergipereponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSinstname:Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)instacron:UFSinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81475https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17087/1/license.txt098cbbf65c2c15e1fb2e49c5d306a44cMD51ORIGINALRAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdfRAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdfapplication/pdf1842604https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17087/2/RAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdfcf8425f15bf859aa1861a9ba5b069a72MD52TEXTRAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdf.txtRAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain129991https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17087/3/RAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdf.txtafbcdeda81c76bf78039ec27c5682a7eMD53THUMBNAILRAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdf.jpgRAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1207https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/17087/4/RAIMUNDO_ALVES_LIMA_SOBRINHO.pdf.jpg3be0f72af66e02b168c08d9b0594e272MD54riufs/170872023-02-07 20:58:05.666oai:ufs.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://ri.ufs.br/oai/requestrepositorio@academico.ufs.bropendoar:2023-02-07T23:58:05Repositório Institucional da UFS - Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural |
title |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural |
spellingShingle |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural Lima Sobrinho, Raimundo Alves Engenharia química Gás natural Química Absorção Dessulfuração Absorção química Dessulfurização Natural gas Chemical absorption Desulphurization ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural |
title_full |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural |
title_fullStr |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural |
title_sort |
Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural |
author |
Lima Sobrinho, Raimundo Alves |
author_facet |
Lima Sobrinho, Raimundo Alves |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lima Sobrinho, Raimundo Alves |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Marques, José Jailton |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Santana, Pedro Leite de |
contributor_str_mv |
Marques, José Jailton Santana, Pedro Leite de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Engenharia química Gás natural Química Absorção Dessulfuração Absorção química Dessulfurização Natural gas Chemical absorption Desulphurization |
topic |
Engenharia química Gás natural Química Absorção Dessulfuração Absorção química Dessulfurização Natural gas Chemical absorption Desulphurization ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
The use of natural gas is growing worldwide due to its low pollution potential. Although it is composed by light hydrocarbons, besides contaminants as CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2S (hydrogen sulfide). These compounds are corrosive to steel (in the presence of moisture) and H2S has an additional trouble of being a toxic substance. Therefore, the removal of this natural gas contaminant is crucial to reduce operating costs and the environmental impacts associated with its use. Various processes for removing H2S are used in industry mainly those ones using alkyl amines, widely used in continuous processes in most processing plants along the world. Motivated by the existence of stranded natural gas fields having high H2S concentrations, similar to the situation in associated gas from sub-salt oilfields, this theoretical work based on a previous experimental study by the same authors, aims the mathematical modeling of hydrogen sulfide removal from natural gas through chemical absorption in a bubble column containing an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide as absorbent, operating in a semi-continuous fashion. At the gas outlet, a device measured H2S concentration over time and recorded the medium saturation. Mathematical modeling of this process led to the solution of an equation system derived from the phenomenological treatment of the chemical absorption process, validated against available experimental data. Global volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KGa) and kinetics parameters were estimated. The simulations were performed using the computational package EMSO - Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization, which is an environment with capabilities similar to the classic structured languages, with the advantage of having a friendlier interface. The results supported the determination of the controlling step, predicted values of the parameters of the absorption process with satisfactory adjustment level, and allowed the study of system behavior in situations other than those ones studied experimentally. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2015-02-27 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-02-07T23:58:05Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-02-07T23:58:05Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
LIMA SOBRINHO, Raimundo Alves. Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural. 2015. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2015. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17087 |
identifier_str_mv |
LIMA SOBRINHO, Raimundo Alves. Modelagem matemática do processo de lavagem alcalina do gás natural. 2015. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2015. |
url |
http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17087 |
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por |
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por |
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Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química |
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Universidade Federal de Sergipe |
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