Avaliação e simulação do comportamento do fogo no refúgio de vida silvestre Mata do Junco, Sergipe, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Marcus Vinicius Noronha de
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3008
• topic: Agricultura; Incêndios florestais; Incêndios florestais -- Prevenção e controle; Combustíveis; Material combustível; Mata do Junco, SE; BehavePlus; EFSS; Forest fires; Fuel load; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS

Forest fires are one of the most serious environmental problems of today's world, caused, mainly, from the misuse of fire in agricultural activities. Studies show that they have direct influence on the biodiversity reduction and in the increase of greenhouse effect, beside negatively affect soil fertility. The situation is even more serious when the fire reaches conservation areas. In Sergipe, areas of preserved Atlantic Forest share spaces with sugarcane monoculture, in which, every year, control burns are carried out during the harvest procedure. This misuse of fire is responsible for environmental problems every year. Therefore, researchers have been working to understand the main factors that contribute to the higher incidence of forest fires, seeking to better predict the fire behavior and thus, establish more effective fire prevention programs. This work fits in this perspective and has as objective, quantify the surface fuel load and assess the fire behavior in different vegetation types of the Wildlife Refuge Mata do Junco, Capela, Sergipe, thus generating important knowledge for science and useful information for the design of an operational plan to prevent forest fires in the region. The study area with approximately 897 ha, has a relevant ecological interest. Rare and endemic species such as the Callicebus coimbrai are present there, as also the Lagartixo river, an important stream that supply water for the region. As methodology, the sampling fieldwork were done from January to October 2015, in three different vegetation types: Bamboo Fields, Closed Forests and Transition Areas, were 60 samples of surface fuel load were collected and classified according to the Rothermel (1972) model. The fuel moisture content and climate variables as air temperature and air relative humidity were also measured during the sampling procedure. All the fuel load collected was properly labeled and used during the experimental burns. All the data were stored in Excel 2007 and processed in the JMP 10.0 software. The fire behavior during the experimental burns was compared with simulations using the software Eucalyptus Fire Safety System 1.0 and the BehavePlus 5.0 in order to evaluate their efficiency. The total fuel load collected weighted 117,23 kg with an average moisture content of 35,40%, equivalent to an average of 16,68 t/ha of dry fuel load. The Bamboo Fields were defined as the vegetation type most susceptible to forest fires occurrence and were the fire is more intense and difficult to control. It is expected that the results from this work can contribute to the knowledge of the fire behavior in the study area and, therefore, to the protection of this important patch of Atlantic Forest in the state of Sergipe.