Efeito neuroprotetor do Carvacrol em dois modelos experimentais da Doença de Parkinson: evidências comportamentais e imunohistoquímicas

• Autor(a) principal: Lins, Lívia Cristina Rodrigues Ferreira
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3648
• topic: Ciências da saúde; Monoterpenos; Neuroproteção; Reserpina; Doença de Parkinson; Transtornos parkinsonianos; Oxidopamina; Monoterpene; Neuroprotection; Reserpine; Parkinson’s disease; Parkinsonian disorders; Oxidopamine; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars compact (SNpc) with consequent depletion of dopamine in the striatum, which gives rise to characteristic motor symptoms of PD. Although its etiology of is unknown, several studies have been suggested that oxidative stress and inflammation play a critical function in the physiopathology of PD and antioxidant and ani-inflammatory agents could be helpful to slown down the dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Thus, many studies have evaluated the potential neuroprotective effect of these agentes, including Carvacrol (CA). CA is a phenolic monoterpene found in essential oils of many aromatic plants and it has a variety of pharmacological effects on Central Nervous System, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate a possible neuroprotective effect of CA in two rat models of PD. Two experiments were performed: in the experiment I, male Wistar rats were submitted to repeated administration of a low dose (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) of reserpine (RES) or vehicle of reserpine (VR) and concomitantly treated with CA at doses of 12.5 or 25 mg/kg (i.p.) or vehicle of carvacrol (VC). Across the treatment, the animal motor behavior was evaluated by catalepsy test, open field test and assessment of oral movements. In the experiment II, male Long-Evans rats were pretreated for seven days with CA at doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg (i.p.) or VC, and were then submitted to unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or vehicle of 6-OHDA into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). The animals were treated with CA or VC for three weeks after injection. Thereafter, they were assessed for motor behavioral function by open field, cylinder test, rotarod and amphetamine-induced circling test. In both experiments, upon completion behavioral tests, rats were perfused and theirs brains were subjected for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical analysis. In the experiment I, the results showed that the CA treatment, in both doses 12.5 e 25 mg/kg, was able to prevent the catalepsy behavior and the development of vacuous chewing movements induced by RES, however, CA failed to revert the decreased locomotor activity induced by RES in the open field test. In addition, CA in both doses prevented the depletion of TH immunostaining induced by RES in the SNpc and dorsal striatum. In the experiment II, the treatment with CA at dose of 50 mg/kg prevented the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA injection in the open field test, cylinder test and rotarod, and increased the number of rotations induced by amphetamine. Moreover, CA attenuated the dopaminergic neurons damage in the SNpc and dorsal striatum induced by 6-OHDA injection. Taken together, our results suggest that CA shows neuroprotective effect, preventing or attenuating motor and neurochemical impairments induced by RES and 6-OHDA, so it may be regarded a promising therapeutic candidate for the prevention or treatment of PD.