Relação entre a antropometria, aptidão física e pliometria com o desempenho de acertos de gols em arremessos de 9 metros no handebol

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Newton Carlos Pereira da
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/19503
• topic: Educação física; Aptidão física; Handebol; Desempenho atlético; Antropometria; Desempenho esportivo; Esporte; Performance; Rendimento; Pliometria; Sports performance; Handball; Sport; Plyometrics; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA

Introduction: Handball is a team sport with high physical, technical and mental demands that requires the player to be prepared to maintain a high physical pace during training and competition, have high levels of muscular strength, throwing speed, high ability to combine aerobic and anaerobic efforts, as well as technical and psychological preparation to perform well in the game. Performance measurement is one of the main topics of study in sports science, as it plays a fundamental role in planning training and competition. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the components of physical fitness and anthropometry in the 9-meter handball throw and verify the effect of plyometric training on physical fitness and sports performance in scoring goals in 9-meter handball throws. Methodology: In this way, three studies were developed: Study 1: Physical performance, plyometrics and sports performance in handball throws. The objective of the study was to present the relationship between handball throws with plyometrics and physical performance. In this study we found that further studies are needed to explore the possible relationships between physical performance, plyometrics and handball throws, both in categories of base as adults in both sexes; Study 2: What is the relationship between physical fitness and anthropometry in the performance of 9-meter throws in young adult handball athletes? The sample consisted of 22 young adult athletes aged between 18 and 24 years (19.11 ± 1.88) of both sexes chosen for convenience. Physical fitness tests were carried out for speed, agility, flexibility, lower and upper limb strength and anthropometric measurements. The tests were correlated with the 9-meter throw in a simulated training session. Results: Of the components of physical fitness, only upper limb strength showed a significant correlation with 9-meter throw performance (p 0.009; Spearman's r 0.557), in relation to anthropometric measurements, mass (p 0.04; r Spearman's r 0.439) and body mass index (p 0.02; Spearman's r 0.486) showed significant correlations with performance in 9-meter throws in young handball athletes. Study 3: Plyometrics and throwing performance in handball. The sample involved 19 male and female athletes, aged between 18 and 24 years (18.79 ± 1.61). An intervention was carried out with plyometric training of 8 weeks before the technical/tactical training of the handball teams, physical fitness tests were also carried out for speed, agility, flexibility, lower and upper limb strength and a simulated 9 meter throw training before and after the intervention with the plyometrics. After 8 weeks of interventions, a t-test for paired samples was carried out to compare the results. Results: Of the components of physical fitness, the strength/power of the lower limbs increased significantly where the athletes improved their indexes in the jump test, obtaining an average of (32.30 ± 7.95) for an average of (36.13 ± 7.54) with p < 0.001 already in the test in jumping with counter movement the mean increased from (32.76 ± 8.88) to (36.49 ± 8.31) with p < 0.001. It also significantly increased upper limb strength (5.03 ± 1.11) to (5.36 ± 1.14) with p < 0.001. As for the agility variable, there was no evolution during the investigation, where the athletes obtained an average of (10.23 ± 0.92) and started to do the same route with an average of (10.81 ± 0.93) with p < 0.001. Goal scoring performance, although it increased from (1.53 ± 0.96) to (1.63 ± 0.95), was not significant in the study p = 0.65. Final considerations: Given the results obtained, it was identified that there is a significant correlation between the anthropometric measurements of mass and body mass index with the 9-meter throw in handball, there is also a significant correlation between the strength/power of the upper limbs with the throw 9 meters. After an intervention with plyometric training, there is still a significant improvement in the components of physical fitness (strength/power of upper limbs and lower limbs) and a significant decrease in the agility component, there was also no significant improvement in the performance of 9- meter handball throws after plyometric training, which indicates that in addition to the physical and psychic components, an accurate throwing technique is very important for the sports performance in handball, finally, we found that new studies are needed that indicate the relationship between physical performance, plyometrics and sports performance in handball throws.