Investigação epidemiológica e geoespacial da esquistossomose mansônica em área ocupada por trabalhadores rurais sem terra

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Genilde Gomes de
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3624
• topic: Ciências da saúde; Esquistossomose mansoni; Epidemiologia; Análise espacial; Trabalhadores rurais sem terra; Epidemiology; Spatial analysis; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

Introduction: The schistosoniasis mansoni is a disease caused by digenetic trematode Schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in 78 tropical and subtropical countries. In Brazil it affects the states of Alagoas, Pernambuco, Bahia, Sergipe, Bahia and Minas Gerais. Landless movement, is a Brazilian movement whose goal is to implement agrarian reform, they invade lands, considered by them as unproductive and settle on properties without ideal conditions of housing, having to use river water for consumption, leisure, household activities and agriculture, enabling the maintenance of the evolutionary cycle of the disease. In the midst of the difficulties to control the disease, there is a tool to assist in controlling and monitoring technology, geo-spatial, and with it the GIS (Geographic Information System) and GPS (Geografic Positioning System). These are facilitating the integration of the land observation, determining environmental parameters with health data for the development of surveillance of diseases and models of control. Goals: Facing this problem, we sought to describe and analyze epidemiological and geo-spatial aspects of schistosomiasis mansoni in landless families in the southern region of Sergipe investigated and treated in the year 2010 with segment in 2015. Method: It is about cross-sectional studies conducted in 2010 and 2015, when13 Landless settlements were investigated. In the year 2010, 601 individuals were included in the research, in 2015, 1139. In both surveys the TF Test ® was used for analysis of faeces and in the second survey, the positives had abdominal echography performed. For the mapping of the area it was used GPS. The collected data were analyzed through the technique of exploratory interpolation, estimate kernel, this technique has generated a surface density for the visual detection of "hot areas" or “hotspots”, understood as a concentration of events that indicates in some way the agglomeration in a spatial distribution. Results: In 2010, we obtained a proportion of parasitological positive for S. mansoni of 4.3%, all of them in the intestines chronic phase. In 2015, 2.6% was infected, and eight of them in hepatointestinal phase. In the second survey, the settlements kept the demographic characteristics of the first one such as the lack of basic sanitation, sewage system, treated water for consumption and education. In both surveys the positives human cases were treated, and the most severe referred to the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe for follow-up. Out of the 13 settlements surveyed in 2010, 08 (61.5%) tested positive for mansoni. In 2015, 11 (84.6%) has positive results. In both surveys, it was demonstrated the occurrence of nine species of helminthes and four of protozoa. The results of spatial analysis indicate the existence of eight areas of main risks situated in the southern region of Sergipe state. Conclusion: The spatial analysis showed that the distribution of the disease was not homogeneous. The prevalence of the disease in the region is low, however the socio demographic characteristics indicate a worrying scenario with outbreaks in 11 out of the 13 settlements. We are all aware of the urgent need for government intervention when it comes to prevention and control of disease.