THE EVOLUTION OF JUVENILE LAW IN BRAZIL: A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF CHANGES IN THE LEGISLATION FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS THROUGHOUT THE 20TH CENTURY (1927-1979)

• Autor(a) principal: de Castro, Alexander
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista Eletrônica do Curso de Direito da UFSM
• Texto Completo: http://periodicos.ufsm.br/revistadireito/article/view/84887
• topic: Code for Minors;; FUNABEM;; Minorism;; Doctrine of Integral Protection;; Fundamental Rights;; Código de Menores;; FUNABEM;; Menorismo;; Doctrina de la Protección Integral;; Derechos Fundamentales de la Personalidad;; Código de Menores;; FUNABEM;; Menorismo;; Doutrina da Proteção Integral;; Direitos Fundamentais da Personalidade;; História do direito do menor;; história do direito da criança e do adolescente;; FUNABEM;; FEBEM;; Primeira República; República Velha; Ditadura Militar;; Direitos Fundamentais da Personalidade

We study the development of legal regulations on children in Brazil throughout the 20th century. We begin by analyzing the introduction of a juvenile legal system in the First Republic (1889-1930) within a cultural context marked by the  dissemination of pseudoscientific theories that guided attempts to modernize the country. Subsequently, we analyze the reform of this juvenile law during the military governments (1964-1985) and the resistance to accept the influence of the discourse on human rights of children in it in order to keep it focus exclusively on the resolution of the so-called “minors’ problem”, i.e. to the repressive management of the country’s underprivileged youth. In this way, Brazilian 1970’s juvenile law became a way to perpetrate violations of fundamental rights against children. With re-democratization, we saw the end of what became known as the minorist period and the rise of children's human rights with the adoption of the doctrine of integral protection (corollary of the principle of the dignity of the human person) and the recognition of the fundamental rights of immature individuals.