Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/15254 |
Resumo: | The objectives of this thesis were to (i) discuss the importance of maize crop nowadays and its crucial role in the future for food production in scenarios of water defcit, and its importance in the conservation of landrace cultivars, which hold a considerable part of this reserve of genetic variability and (ii) to compare the tolerance to water defcit of improved and landrace, maize cultivars in the field and in rain exclused environment and to determine FATS threshold in the reproductive period. Information from the temperature shows that in several places, with the aid of the Genetic Improvement, the characteristic of plants that lead to drought tolerance were established. It is concluded that for a cultivar to be accepted by the farmers, in addition to the adaptation characteristics, it must have a high grain yield and information needs to be disclosed. To quantify the tolerance of local cultivars, field experiments were conducted in the 2015/2016, 2016/2017 and 2016/2017, 2017/2018 growing season for FTSW in the experimental area of the Plant Science Department at UFSM, Santa Maria, RS. The landraces cultivars presented similar yield in the irrigated and non irrigated system, while the improved cultivars increased yield in the irrigated. For FTSW, 'AS 1573PRO' and 'Cinquentinha' presented similar values in the first year, and 'Bico de ouro' was smaller. In the second year 'AS 1573PRO' presented FTSW, followed by 'Cinquentinha' and again smaller 'Bico de ouro'. The cultivar 'AS 1573PRO' had the highest tolerance indicated by FTSW, in a short period of deficiency. The 'Cinquentinha' showed a smaller tolerance for FTSW, but as indicated by gas exchange measurements under conditions with prolonged water stress, it is more tolerant, producing ears with grains even under extreme conditions of water deficit in the FATS experiment. |
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2019-01-09T10:56:25Z2019-01-09T10:56:25Z2018-05-25http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/15254The objectives of this thesis were to (i) discuss the importance of maize crop nowadays and its crucial role in the future for food production in scenarios of water defcit, and its importance in the conservation of landrace cultivars, which hold a considerable part of this reserve of genetic variability and (ii) to compare the tolerance to water defcit of improved and landrace, maize cultivars in the field and in rain exclused environment and to determine FATS threshold in the reproductive period. Information from the temperature shows that in several places, with the aid of the Genetic Improvement, the characteristic of plants that lead to drought tolerance were established. It is concluded that for a cultivar to be accepted by the farmers, in addition to the adaptation characteristics, it must have a high grain yield and information needs to be disclosed. To quantify the tolerance of local cultivars, field experiments were conducted in the 2015/2016, 2016/2017 and 2016/2017, 2017/2018 growing season for FTSW in the experimental area of the Plant Science Department at UFSM, Santa Maria, RS. The landraces cultivars presented similar yield in the irrigated and non irrigated system, while the improved cultivars increased yield in the irrigated. For FTSW, 'AS 1573PRO' and 'Cinquentinha' presented similar values in the first year, and 'Bico de ouro' was smaller. In the second year 'AS 1573PRO' presented FTSW, followed by 'Cinquentinha' and again smaller 'Bico de ouro'. The cultivar 'AS 1573PRO' had the highest tolerance indicated by FTSW, in a short period of deficiency. The 'Cinquentinha' showed a smaller tolerance for FTSW, but as indicated by gas exchange measurements under conditions with prolonged water stress, it is more tolerant, producing ears with grains even under extreme conditions of water deficit in the FATS experiment.Os principais objetivos deste trabalho foram (i) discutir a importância da cultura do milho na atualidade e o papel crucial que pode desempenhar no futuro para a produção de alimentos em cenários de deficiência hídrica, bem como, a importância de conservar as cultivares crioulas, que detêm uma parcela considerável dessa reserva de variabilidade genética e (ii) comparar a tolerância à deficiência hídrica de cultivares melhoradas e crioulas de milho em campo e em ambiente de exclusão de chuva determinar a Fração de Água Transpirável no Solo (FATS na fase reprodutiva. As informações reunidas demostram que, em vários locais, com o auxílio do Melhoramento Genético, foram fixadas nas plantas características que conferem tolerância a deficiência hídrica. Conclui-se que, para uma cultivar ser aceita pelos produtores, além das características de adaptação, precisa ter alta produção de grãos e informações dessas características precisam ser divulgadas. Para conhecer a tolerância de cultivares com diferente variabilidade genética, foram conduzidos experimentos de campo nos anos agrícolas 2015/2016, 2016/2017 e 2016/2017, 2017/2018 para a FATS, na área experimental do Departamento de Fitotecnia da UFSM, Santa Maria, RS. Pelo experimento no campo foi possível verificar que as cultivares crioulas apresentaram produtividade similar no sistema irrigado e não irrigado, enquanto as melhoradas demostraram aumento sob irrigação. Para a FATS, o ‘AS 1573PRO’ e ‘Cinquentinha’ apresentaram valores similares no primeiro ano, e ‘Bico de ouro’, menor; já no segundo ano ‘AS 1573PRO’ apresentou maior FATS, seguido pela ‘Cinquentinha’ e, novamente, menor a ‘Bico de ouro’. A cultivar ‘AS 1573PRO’ possui maior tolerância indicada pela FATS, quando se trata de um período curto de deficiência. ‘Cinquentinha’ demostrou tolerância menor pela FATS, porém como indicado pelas medidas de trocas gasosas, em condições com estresse hídrico prolongado, é mais tolerante. Esta cultivar crioula produz grãos mesmo em condições extremas de deficiência hídrica.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia AgrícolaUFSMBrasilEngenharia AgrícolaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessZea mays LVariabilidade genéticaProdução de alimentosFATSDéficit hídricoGenetic variabilityFood productionFTSWWater deficitCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLAMilho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentarLandrace and improved: tolerance to water defcit on a perspective of food securityinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisStreck, Nereu Augustohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8121082379157248Alberto, Cleber Maushttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2747295128900648Tironi, Luana Fernandeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9454013527647467Reiniger, Lia Rejane Silveirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5739294882585391Petry, Mirta Teresinhahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0358609083747198http://lattes.cnpq.br/5887756288904276Langner, Josana Andreia5003000000086003b01ed40-f2a9-4cc8-9109-59e6f482b05da1f86d51-e941-4e26-9ab0-c5f7614b6fac230e02d7-1833-4ce8-8e70-9f6efe563e0f6e3f46cc-ab7b-40f8-807e-fb3abab76b5a004ca9b1-6d17-4367-a060-65a1923109a7a2cfd8e6-b55c-4244-8096-a6de655f5cd5reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALTES_PPGEA_2018_LANGNER_JOSANA.pdfTES_PPGEA_2018_LANGNER_JOSANA.pdfTese de Doutoradoapplication/pdf1232001http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/15254/1/TES_PPGEA_2018_LANGNER_JOSANA.pdf1e6e768a3ba2c3718bd077c83222b51eMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Landrace and improved: tolerance to water defcit on a perspective of food security |
title |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar |
spellingShingle |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar Langner, Josana Andreia Zea mays L Variabilidade genética Produção de alimentos FATS Déficit hídrico Genetic variability Food production FTSW Water deficit CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA |
title_short |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar |
title_full |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar |
title_fullStr |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar |
title_sort |
Milho crioulo e melhorado: tolerância a deficiência hídrica na perspectiva da segurança e soberania alimentar |
author |
Langner, Josana Andreia |
author_facet |
Langner, Josana Andreia |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Streck, Nereu Augusto |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8121082379157248 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Alberto, Cleber Maus |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2747295128900648 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Tironi, Luana Fernandes |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9454013527647467 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Reiniger, Lia Rejane Silveira |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5739294882585391 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Petry, Mirta Teresinha |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0358609083747198 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5887756288904276 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Langner, Josana Andreia |
contributor_str_mv |
Streck, Nereu Augusto Alberto, Cleber Maus Tironi, Luana Fernandes Reiniger, Lia Rejane Silveira Petry, Mirta Teresinha |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Zea mays L Variabilidade genética Produção de alimentos FATS Déficit hídrico |
topic |
Zea mays L Variabilidade genética Produção de alimentos FATS Déficit hídrico Genetic variability Food production FTSW Water deficit CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Genetic variability Food production FTSW Water deficit |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA |
description |
The objectives of this thesis were to (i) discuss the importance of maize crop nowadays and its crucial role in the future for food production in scenarios of water defcit, and its importance in the conservation of landrace cultivars, which hold a considerable part of this reserve of genetic variability and (ii) to compare the tolerance to water defcit of improved and landrace, maize cultivars in the field and in rain exclused environment and to determine FATS threshold in the reproductive period. Information from the temperature shows that in several places, with the aid of the Genetic Improvement, the characteristic of plants that lead to drought tolerance were established. It is concluded that for a cultivar to be accepted by the farmers, in addition to the adaptation characteristics, it must have a high grain yield and information needs to be disclosed. To quantify the tolerance of local cultivars, field experiments were conducted in the 2015/2016, 2016/2017 and 2016/2017, 2017/2018 growing season for FTSW in the experimental area of the Plant Science Department at UFSM, Santa Maria, RS. The landraces cultivars presented similar yield in the irrigated and non irrigated system, while the improved cultivars increased yield in the irrigated. For FTSW, 'AS 1573PRO' and 'Cinquentinha' presented similar values in the first year, and 'Bico de ouro' was smaller. In the second year 'AS 1573PRO' presented FTSW, followed by 'Cinquentinha' and again smaller 'Bico de ouro'. The cultivar 'AS 1573PRO' had the highest tolerance indicated by FTSW, in a short period of deficiency. The 'Cinquentinha' showed a smaller tolerance for FTSW, but as indicated by gas exchange measurements under conditions with prolonged water stress, it is more tolerant, producing ears with grains even under extreme conditions of water deficit in the FATS experiment. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2018-05-25 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-01-09T10:56:25Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2019-01-09T10:56:25Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/15254 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/15254 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
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500300000008 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Engenharia Agrícola |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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