Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4334 |
Resumo: | A trial was conducted to evaluate the ingestive behavior, pastures dynamics and productivity of cows of the Jersey and Holstein s breeds grazing annual-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul. From April 29th to October 29th of 2010, eleven tester-cows of each breed group, and a variable number of regulator-cows, were managed in rotational grazing with variable stocking rate and received a commercial concentrate at a rate of 1 kg of concentrate for every 3 liters of milk produced up to 15 liters/cow/day. Eight tester-cows of each breed group, two of each stage of lactation, were used in evaluations of ingestive behavior, held on September 27th and October 27th and during the two-day occupation of the paddocks. Pastures management allowed similar conditions between the two tested herds and showed to not limit production of pasture and animals. Adopted supplementation criteria reflected in the provision of large quantities of concentrate for Holstein cows, which had individual milk productions, milk corrected to 4% of fat and total solids higher than the Jersey breed. The Holstein herd was managed with higher stocking rates than the Jersey herd, which reflected directly in superiority on animal production and supply of concentrate per area for the Holstein s herd. For each kilogram of concentrate supplied individually, the Jersey cows had higher individual productions than Holstein, suggesting advantages for the Jersey breed on the conversion of the supplement in animal products and on the economic aspect. The advance of the grazing season and structural changes in the sward conditioned reductions in grazing time and increased rumination, for both breeds, but did not affect the time required for completing other activities. Jersey cows spent more time on grazing activities and less on rumination than Holstein breed, probably to compensate the lower level of supplementation. Only in the second evaluation time (October) difference was found in bite rate between the breeds, with superiority for the Holstein cows, and for both breeds, late lactation cows presented larger number of steps between feeding stations than the cows in early lactation. Additionally, in Holstein, the increase in the number of steps between feeding stations was accompanied by a reduction in sward height of the grazing site visited. Differences between stages of lactation were seen only on variables that represent choices at the level of grazing patches (sward height of the grazing site visited and the number of steps between feeding stations), indicating that adaptations of animals in different physiological stages occur at the level of displacement through the pasture and realization of the bit. |
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Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anualIngestive behaviour and productivity of cows of Jersey and Holstein s breeds in annual ryegrass pasturesLolium multiflorumComportamento ingestivoDinâmica das pastagensProdução de leite por vacaProdução de leite por áreaRaças de bovinos leiteirosDairy cattle s breedsIngestive behaviorLolium multiflorumMilk production per cowMilk production per areaPastures dynamicsCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIAA trial was conducted to evaluate the ingestive behavior, pastures dynamics and productivity of cows of the Jersey and Holstein s breeds grazing annual-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul. From April 29th to October 29th of 2010, eleven tester-cows of each breed group, and a variable number of regulator-cows, were managed in rotational grazing with variable stocking rate and received a commercial concentrate at a rate of 1 kg of concentrate for every 3 liters of milk produced up to 15 liters/cow/day. Eight tester-cows of each breed group, two of each stage of lactation, were used in evaluations of ingestive behavior, held on September 27th and October 27th and during the two-day occupation of the paddocks. Pastures management allowed similar conditions between the two tested herds and showed to not limit production of pasture and animals. Adopted supplementation criteria reflected in the provision of large quantities of concentrate for Holstein cows, which had individual milk productions, milk corrected to 4% of fat and total solids higher than the Jersey breed. The Holstein herd was managed with higher stocking rates than the Jersey herd, which reflected directly in superiority on animal production and supply of concentrate per area for the Holstein s herd. For each kilogram of concentrate supplied individually, the Jersey cows had higher individual productions than Holstein, suggesting advantages for the Jersey breed on the conversion of the supplement in animal products and on the economic aspect. The advance of the grazing season and structural changes in the sward conditioned reductions in grazing time and increased rumination, for both breeds, but did not affect the time required for completing other activities. Jersey cows spent more time on grazing activities and less on rumination than Holstein breed, probably to compensate the lower level of supplementation. Only in the second evaluation time (October) difference was found in bite rate between the breeds, with superiority for the Holstein cows, and for both breeds, late lactation cows presented larger number of steps between feeding stations than the cows in early lactation. Additionally, in Holstein, the increase in the number of steps between feeding stations was accompanied by a reduction in sward height of the grazing site visited. Differences between stages of lactation were seen only on variables that represent choices at the level of grazing patches (sward height of the grazing site visited and the number of steps between feeding stations), indicating that adaptations of animals in different physiological stages occur at the level of displacement through the pasture and realization of the bit.Foram estudados o comportamento ingestivo, a dinâmica das pastagens e a produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum) no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento foi conduzido de 29/04/2010 a 29/10/2010, sendo utilizadas, no total, onze vacas-testes de cada grupo racial e um número variável de vacas-reguladoras. Oito vacas de cada grupo racial, duas de cada estágio de lactação, foram utilizadas nas avaliações do comportamento ingestivo, realizadas em 27/9 e 27/10 e durante os dois dias de ocupação dos potreiros. Os animais foram manejados em pastoreio rotativo com lotação variável e receberam concentrado comercial à razão de 1 kg de concentrado para cada 3 litros de leite produzidos acima de 15 litros/vaca/dia. O manejo das pastagens permitiu condições de pastejo semelhantes entre as duas raças testadas e se mostrou não limitante à produção de pasto e dos animais. O critério de suplementação adotado refletiu no fornecimento de maiores quantidades de concentrado para as vacas da raça Holandesa, que apresentaram produções individuais de leite, leite corrigido a 4% de gordura e de sólidos totais superiores às da raça Jersey. As vacas da raça Holandesa foram manejadas com carga animal superior às da raça Jersey, o que refletiu diretamente em superioridade na produção animal e no fornecimento de concentrado por unidade de área para a raça Holandesa. Para cada quilograma de concentrado fornecido individualmente, as vacas da raça Jersey apresentaram produções individuais superiores às da raça Holandesa, sugerindo vantagens para a raça Jersey quanto à conversão do suplemento em produto animal e sob o aspecto econômico. O avanço do período de utilização das pastagens e as alterações estruturais do dossel forrageiro condicionaram a redução dos tempos de pastejo e o aumento dos de ruminação, para ambas as raças, mas não alterou o tempo destinado à realização de outras atividades. Vacas da raça Jersey desprenderam mais tempo em atividades de pastejo e menos em ruminação que as da raça Holandesa, provavelmente para compensar o menor nível de suplementação. Apenas na segunda época de avaliação (outubro) foi verificada diferença na taxa de bocados entre as raças, com superioridade para as vacas da raça Holandesa, e, para ambas as raças, as vacas de final de lactação desenvolveram maior número de passos entre estações alimentares que as de início de lactação. Adicionalmente, na raça Holandesa, o incremento no número de passos entre estações alimentares foi acompanhado pela redução da altura do sítio de pastejo visitado. Diferenças entre os estágios de lactação foram percebidas apenas em variáveis que representam escolhas em nível de patch de pastejo (altura do sítio de pastejo visitado e número de passos entre estações alimentares), indicando que as adaptações dos animais nos distintos estágios fisiológicos se dão ao nível de deslocamento na pastagem e realização do bocado.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBRZootecniaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaQuadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9202266292366562Montardo, Daniel Portellahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4889438301379544Kozloski, Gilberto Vilmarhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1966801022255836Ribeiro Filho, Henrique Mendonça Nuneshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8550194926612730Berto, Jorge Luizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8911848521956573Maixner, Adriano Rudi2017-06-052017-06-052011-12-02info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfapplication/pdfMAIXNER, Adriano Rudi. Ingestive behaviour and productivity of cows of Jersey and Holstein s breeds in annual ryegrass pastures. 2011. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2011.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4334porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-03-17T16:45:02Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/4334Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-03-17T16:45:02Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual Ingestive behaviour and productivity of cows of Jersey and Holstein s breeds in annual ryegrass pastures |
title |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual |
spellingShingle |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual Maixner, Adriano Rudi Lolium multiflorum Comportamento ingestivo Dinâmica das pastagens Produção de leite por vaca Produção de leite por área Raças de bovinos leiteiros Dairy cattle s breeds Ingestive behavior Lolium multiflorum Milk production per cow Milk production per area Pastures dynamics CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
title_short |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual |
title_full |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual |
title_fullStr |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual |
title_sort |
Comportamento ingestivo e produtividade de vacas das raças Jersey e Holandesa em pastagens de azevém anual |
author |
Maixner, Adriano Rudi |
author_facet |
Maixner, Adriano Rudi |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de http://lattes.cnpq.br/9202266292366562 Montardo, Daniel Portella http://lattes.cnpq.br/4889438301379544 Kozloski, Gilberto Vilmar http://lattes.cnpq.br/1966801022255836 Ribeiro Filho, Henrique Mendonça Nunes http://lattes.cnpq.br/8550194926612730 Berto, Jorge Luiz http://lattes.cnpq.br/8911848521956573 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Maixner, Adriano Rudi |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Lolium multiflorum Comportamento ingestivo Dinâmica das pastagens Produção de leite por vaca Produção de leite por área Raças de bovinos leiteiros Dairy cattle s breeds Ingestive behavior Lolium multiflorum Milk production per cow Milk production per area Pastures dynamics CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
topic |
Lolium multiflorum Comportamento ingestivo Dinâmica das pastagens Produção de leite por vaca Produção de leite por área Raças de bovinos leiteiros Dairy cattle s breeds Ingestive behavior Lolium multiflorum Milk production per cow Milk production per area Pastures dynamics CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
description |
A trial was conducted to evaluate the ingestive behavior, pastures dynamics and productivity of cows of the Jersey and Holstein s breeds grazing annual-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul. From April 29th to October 29th of 2010, eleven tester-cows of each breed group, and a variable number of regulator-cows, were managed in rotational grazing with variable stocking rate and received a commercial concentrate at a rate of 1 kg of concentrate for every 3 liters of milk produced up to 15 liters/cow/day. Eight tester-cows of each breed group, two of each stage of lactation, were used in evaluations of ingestive behavior, held on September 27th and October 27th and during the two-day occupation of the paddocks. Pastures management allowed similar conditions between the two tested herds and showed to not limit production of pasture and animals. Adopted supplementation criteria reflected in the provision of large quantities of concentrate for Holstein cows, which had individual milk productions, milk corrected to 4% of fat and total solids higher than the Jersey breed. The Holstein herd was managed with higher stocking rates than the Jersey herd, which reflected directly in superiority on animal production and supply of concentrate per area for the Holstein s herd. For each kilogram of concentrate supplied individually, the Jersey cows had higher individual productions than Holstein, suggesting advantages for the Jersey breed on the conversion of the supplement in animal products and on the economic aspect. The advance of the grazing season and structural changes in the sward conditioned reductions in grazing time and increased rumination, for both breeds, but did not affect the time required for completing other activities. Jersey cows spent more time on grazing activities and less on rumination than Holstein breed, probably to compensate the lower level of supplementation. Only in the second evaluation time (October) difference was found in bite rate between the breeds, with superiority for the Holstein cows, and for both breeds, late lactation cows presented larger number of steps between feeding stations than the cows in early lactation. Additionally, in Holstein, the increase in the number of steps between feeding stations was accompanied by a reduction in sward height of the grazing site visited. Differences between stages of lactation were seen only on variables that represent choices at the level of grazing patches (sward height of the grazing site visited and the number of steps between feeding stations), indicating that adaptations of animals in different physiological stages occur at the level of displacement through the pasture and realization of the bit. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-12-02 2017-06-05 2017-06-05 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
MAIXNER, Adriano Rudi. Ingestive behaviour and productivity of cows of Jersey and Holstein s breeds in annual ryegrass pastures. 2011. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4334 |
identifier_str_mv |
MAIXNER, Adriano Rudi. Ingestive behaviour and productivity of cows of Jersey and Holstein s breeds in annual ryegrass pastures. 2011. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2011. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4334 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Zootecnia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Zootecnia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922018403549184 |