Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Moterle, Diovane Freire
Data de Publicação: 2008
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
dARK ID: ark:/26339/0013000005z87
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5474
Resumo: In soils containing minerals with potassium in non-exchangeable forms, crops uptake a larger amount of this nutrient than that the chemical method can extract, making more difficult the establishment of availability classes and sufficiency levels for potassium. The aims of this study were: a) investigate crop response with potassic fertilization in an Ultisol; b) estimate the capacity of potassium supply in Ultisol and Oxisol, with a long report of addition of potassic fertilization; and c) verify mineralogical alterations of the clay fraction in these soils submitted to successive crop cultivations. The study was based on two experiments: The first one was installed in 1991 in an Ultisol with addition of 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1, evaluating crop yield and potassium levels in soil using Mehlich-1. The second one consisted in a succession of plant cultivation in two types of soil with long history of potassic fertilization. The first experiment was located in the experimental field of the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, a typical Ultisol, and the second one, classified as Oxisol, in the experimental field of Embrapa Soja, Londrina-PR. The soil samples were collected in the experiments with less and higher concentration of potassium combined with an addition of 0, 30 and 90 mg kg-1 of potassium for every cultivation. There were 11 cultivations in the Ultisol and 8 in the Oxisol. From every cultivation soil samples were collected and the amount of potassium extracted by Mehlich-1 after the 5° and 11° cultivation in the Oxisol 4° and 8° cultivation in the Oxisol was determined. The samples were submitted at extraction with NaTPB, HNO3 and HF. The mineralogy of the clay fraction of the treatments with less and higher concentration of potassium was characterized. Crops respond to the potassium fertilization when the concentration in soil was lower then 50 mg kg-1. This result shows that the doses to maintain potassium concentration do not need to be larger than the amount exported by crops and that the fertilization of correction is only necessary when exhaustion of potassium occurs. The chemical extractor Mehlich-1 was sensitive to evaluate the availability of potassium in short time, while the chemical extractors NaTPB and HNO3 can estimate satisfactorily the depletion of potassium with successive cultivations. The Ultisol showed a greater ability to supply the plant needs than the Oxisol. The crop cultivation in the Ultisol, without the addition of potassium, has altered the soil mineralogy, as detected by X-ray diffraction. On the other hand, in the Oxisol, after successive cultivations, none mineralogy alteration was perceptible by X-ray diffraction.
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spelling Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubaçãoPotassium availability affected for sucessive cultivations in soils with long therm fertilizationNível de suficiênciaFertilização potássicaExtratores químicosMineralogia do soloSufficient levelsPotassic fertilizationChemical extractorsSoil mineralogyCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIAIn soils containing minerals with potassium in non-exchangeable forms, crops uptake a larger amount of this nutrient than that the chemical method can extract, making more difficult the establishment of availability classes and sufficiency levels for potassium. The aims of this study were: a) investigate crop response with potassic fertilization in an Ultisol; b) estimate the capacity of potassium supply in Ultisol and Oxisol, with a long report of addition of potassic fertilization; and c) verify mineralogical alterations of the clay fraction in these soils submitted to successive crop cultivations. The study was based on two experiments: The first one was installed in 1991 in an Ultisol with addition of 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1, evaluating crop yield and potassium levels in soil using Mehlich-1. The second one consisted in a succession of plant cultivation in two types of soil with long history of potassic fertilization. The first experiment was located in the experimental field of the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, a typical Ultisol, and the second one, classified as Oxisol, in the experimental field of Embrapa Soja, Londrina-PR. The soil samples were collected in the experiments with less and higher concentration of potassium combined with an addition of 0, 30 and 90 mg kg-1 of potassium for every cultivation. There were 11 cultivations in the Ultisol and 8 in the Oxisol. From every cultivation soil samples were collected and the amount of potassium extracted by Mehlich-1 after the 5° and 11° cultivation in the Oxisol 4° and 8° cultivation in the Oxisol was determined. The samples were submitted at extraction with NaTPB, HNO3 and HF. The mineralogy of the clay fraction of the treatments with less and higher concentration of potassium was characterized. Crops respond to the potassium fertilization when the concentration in soil was lower then 50 mg kg-1. This result shows that the doses to maintain potassium concentration do not need to be larger than the amount exported by crops and that the fertilization of correction is only necessary when exhaustion of potassium occurs. The chemical extractor Mehlich-1 was sensitive to evaluate the availability of potassium in short time, while the chemical extractors NaTPB and HNO3 can estimate satisfactorily the depletion of potassium with successive cultivations. The Ultisol showed a greater ability to supply the plant needs than the Oxisol. The crop cultivation in the Ultisol, without the addition of potassium, has altered the soil mineralogy, as detected by X-ray diffraction. On the other hand, in the Oxisol, after successive cultivations, none mineralogy alteration was perceptible by X-ray diffraction.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorEm solos contendo minerais portadores de potássio em formas não trocáveis, as culturas absorvem maiores quantidades do elemento que o método químico de rotina consegue extrair, dificultando o estabelecimento do nível de suficiência e das classes de disponibilidade. O presente trabalho tem por objetivos: a) investigar a resposta de culturas à adubação potássica em um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico típico; b) estimar a capacidade de suprimento de potássio em um Argissolo e Latossolo com longo histórico de adições de fertilizantes potássicos; e c) verificar as alterações mineralógicas dos argilominerais desses solos pelo cultivo sucessivo com plantas. Conduziram-se dois experimentos: o primeiro foi instalado em 1991 em um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico com a adição de 0, 30, 60 e 90 kg ha-1 de K2O, avaliando o rendimento das culturas e os teores de potássio no solo por Mehlich-1. O segundo experimento consistiu no cultivo sucessivo de plantas em casa de vegetação utilizando-se amostras de dois solos com longo histórico de fertilização potássica. O primeiro experimento estava localizado no campo experimental da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico típico e o segundo, no campo experimental da Embrapa-Soja em Londrina PR, correspondendo a um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico. As amostras de solo foram coletadas nos tratamentos testemunha e de maior dose, combinadas com a adição de 0, 30 e 90 mg kg-1 de potássio a cada cultivo. Realizou-se 11 cultivos no Argissolo e 8 no Latossolo. Amostras do solo foram coletadas a cada cultivo e nelas foram determinados os teores de potássio extraído por Mehlich-1, sendo que as amostras coletadas após o 5° e 11° cultivo no Argissolo e após o 4° e 8° no Latossolo foram submetidas também à extração com NaTPB, HNO3 e HF. A fração argila dos tratamentos com a menor e maior dose de fertilizante potássico foi caracterizada mineralogicamente. Os maiores rendimentos foram obtidos quando o nível de suficiência foi próximo ao valor original do solo que foi de 50 mg kg-1 de potássio. As doses de manutenção não necessitam ser superiores às quantidades exportadas pelas culturas e a adubação de correção só é necessária quando há esgotamento de potássio, mas apenas em doses adequadas para retornar aos níveis de suficiência. O extrator de potássio Mehlich-1 foi sensível para a avaliação do potássio disponível em curto prazo, enquanto que os extratores do potássio denominado de não trocável , NaTPB e HNO3, estimaram satisfatoriamente a depleção no decorrer de cultivos sucessivos. O Argissolo apresentou maior capacidade de suprimento de potássio que o Latossolo. O cultivo de plantas no Argissolo sem adição de potássio mostrou alteração na mineralogia do solo, detectável por difratometria de raios X. Já no Latossolo, após os cultivos sucessivos, não houve alteração na mineralogia do solo que fosse perceptível por difratometria de raios X.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBRAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloKaminski, Joãohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783777Y9Bortoluzzi, Edson Campanholahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4707576E6Santos, Danilo Rheinheimer doshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785480Z6Moterle, Diovane Freire2017-03-222017-03-222008-02-15info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfapplication/pdfMOTERLE, Diovane Freire. Potassium availability affected for sucessive cultivations in soils with long therm fertilization. 2008. 110 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5474ark:/26339/0013000005z87porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2017-07-25T14:17:28Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/5474Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2017-07-25T14:17:28Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
Potassium availability affected for sucessive cultivations in soils with long therm fertilization
title Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
spellingShingle Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
Moterle, Diovane Freire
Nível de suficiência
Fertilização potássica
Extratores químicos
Mineralogia do solo
Sufficient levels
Potassic fertilization
Chemical extractors
Soil mineralogy
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
title_short Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
title_full Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
title_fullStr Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
title_full_unstemmed Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
title_sort Disponibilidade de potássio afetada por cultivos em solos com longo histórico de adubação
author Moterle, Diovane Freire
author_facet Moterle, Diovane Freire
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Kaminski, João
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783777Y9
Bortoluzzi, Edson Campanhola
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4707576E6
Santos, Danilo Rheinheimer dos
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785480Z6
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Moterle, Diovane Freire
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Nível de suficiência
Fertilização potássica
Extratores químicos
Mineralogia do solo
Sufficient levels
Potassic fertilization
Chemical extractors
Soil mineralogy
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
topic Nível de suficiência
Fertilização potássica
Extratores químicos
Mineralogia do solo
Sufficient levels
Potassic fertilization
Chemical extractors
Soil mineralogy
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
description In soils containing minerals with potassium in non-exchangeable forms, crops uptake a larger amount of this nutrient than that the chemical method can extract, making more difficult the establishment of availability classes and sufficiency levels for potassium. The aims of this study were: a) investigate crop response with potassic fertilization in an Ultisol; b) estimate the capacity of potassium supply in Ultisol and Oxisol, with a long report of addition of potassic fertilization; and c) verify mineralogical alterations of the clay fraction in these soils submitted to successive crop cultivations. The study was based on two experiments: The first one was installed in 1991 in an Ultisol with addition of 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1, evaluating crop yield and potassium levels in soil using Mehlich-1. The second one consisted in a succession of plant cultivation in two types of soil with long history of potassic fertilization. The first experiment was located in the experimental field of the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, a typical Ultisol, and the second one, classified as Oxisol, in the experimental field of Embrapa Soja, Londrina-PR. The soil samples were collected in the experiments with less and higher concentration of potassium combined with an addition of 0, 30 and 90 mg kg-1 of potassium for every cultivation. There were 11 cultivations in the Ultisol and 8 in the Oxisol. From every cultivation soil samples were collected and the amount of potassium extracted by Mehlich-1 after the 5° and 11° cultivation in the Oxisol 4° and 8° cultivation in the Oxisol was determined. The samples were submitted at extraction with NaTPB, HNO3 and HF. The mineralogy of the clay fraction of the treatments with less and higher concentration of potassium was characterized. Crops respond to the potassium fertilization when the concentration in soil was lower then 50 mg kg-1. This result shows that the doses to maintain potassium concentration do not need to be larger than the amount exported by crops and that the fertilization of correction is only necessary when exhaustion of potassium occurs. The chemical extractor Mehlich-1 was sensitive to evaluate the availability of potassium in short time, while the chemical extractors NaTPB and HNO3 can estimate satisfactorily the depletion of potassium with successive cultivations. The Ultisol showed a greater ability to supply the plant needs than the Oxisol. The crop cultivation in the Ultisol, without the addition of potassium, has altered the soil mineralogy, as detected by X-ray diffraction. On the other hand, in the Oxisol, after successive cultivations, none mineralogy alteration was perceptible by X-ray diffraction.
publishDate 2008
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2008-02-15
2017-03-22
2017-03-22
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv MOTERLE, Diovane Freire. Potassium availability affected for sucessive cultivations in soils with long therm fertilization. 2008. 110 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008.
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5474
dc.identifier.dark.fl_str_mv ark:/26339/0013000005z87
identifier_str_mv MOTERLE, Diovane Freire. Potassium availability affected for sucessive cultivations in soils with long therm fertilization. 2008. 110 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008.
ark:/26339/0013000005z87
url http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5474
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
BR
Agronomia
UFSM
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
BR
Agronomia
UFSM
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
instacron:UFSM
instname_str Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
instacron_str UFSM
institution UFSM
reponame_str Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
collection Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
repository.name.fl_str_mv Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com
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