Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22565 |
Resumo: | The growth in demand for electricity and the search for sustainable sources of electricity put photovoltaic generation (PV) as one of the main alternatives. Taking into account that PV panels are used to generate electrical energy from the sun's rays, the forecast of their durability and efficiency is essential for planning more consistent with the reality of each PV installation topology. In this sense, this dissertation seeks to identify the main degradation causes of the PV modules to predict the degradation rates and the performance of the panels in different configurations of installation. Firstly, a mathematical model was developed to calculate the performance of the generation for which data on climatic conditions in different locations are obtained. Thereafter, contribution weights were applied to each cause of degradation and thus obtain the value of the average rate of degradation (DR) in the fixed PV topology. Once the main causes of degradation and their respective contribution weights have been identified, fuzzy modeling is applied to find degradation in PV topologies using cooling or solar tracking. A first case study was developed to verify the performance profile of the three topologies in the city of Santa Maria as approached in this dissertation for a typical summer day and a typical winter day. DR was applied in a second case study to verify the durability of PV panels over 25 years in different locations. A third case study considered the degradation rates and the performance of each PV topology for technical and economic analyzes. The two main computer programs used for modeling PV generation and for simulations were OpenDSS and Homer. From the results obtained in this dissertation it was possible to predict the durability of the panels and the analysis of the energy generated in the different topologies of PV installation. It was observed that the guarantee of the PV panel supplied by the manufacturer is not consistent for all simulated locations of installation. The cooling of the PV panels contributed to a decrease of up to 3.1% and the installation with tracking increased the degradation rate by up to 2.43% in relation to the fixed panels. With this, there was an improvement in the durability and efficiency of the panels provided by cooling. The solar tracking increased the degradation in the panels, but generated more electrical energy than the other topologies in the simulated period. Therefore, this study concludes that in hot climates with high degradation, PV generation may be even greater over the period of its guarantee than in places where the degradation is less, but with low production of electricity. The financial analysis concluded that cooling and solar tracking are feasible, that the fixed panel topology has the highest net present value and that, despite the higher costs for the operation and maintenance of the PV modules with tracking, the cash flow is positively higher than in other configurations analyzed. Among the various contributions from this dissertation, the main ones are better predictability of power generation and a more well-grounded analysis of investments for the expansion of PV generation according to the topology used. |
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Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologiasMethodology for forecasting durability and efficiency of photovoltaic generation in its different topologiesPrevisão da geração PVEficiênciaDurabilidade de painéis fotovoltaicosPainéis PVTopologias PVPV generation forecastEfficiencyDurability of PV panelsPV panelsPV topologiesCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICAThe growth in demand for electricity and the search for sustainable sources of electricity put photovoltaic generation (PV) as one of the main alternatives. Taking into account that PV panels are used to generate electrical energy from the sun's rays, the forecast of their durability and efficiency is essential for planning more consistent with the reality of each PV installation topology. In this sense, this dissertation seeks to identify the main degradation causes of the PV modules to predict the degradation rates and the performance of the panels in different configurations of installation. Firstly, a mathematical model was developed to calculate the performance of the generation for which data on climatic conditions in different locations are obtained. Thereafter, contribution weights were applied to each cause of degradation and thus obtain the value of the average rate of degradation (DR) in the fixed PV topology. Once the main causes of degradation and their respective contribution weights have been identified, fuzzy modeling is applied to find degradation in PV topologies using cooling or solar tracking. A first case study was developed to verify the performance profile of the three topologies in the city of Santa Maria as approached in this dissertation for a typical summer day and a typical winter day. DR was applied in a second case study to verify the durability of PV panels over 25 years in different locations. A third case study considered the degradation rates and the performance of each PV topology for technical and economic analyzes. The two main computer programs used for modeling PV generation and for simulations were OpenDSS and Homer. From the results obtained in this dissertation it was possible to predict the durability of the panels and the analysis of the energy generated in the different topologies of PV installation. It was observed that the guarantee of the PV panel supplied by the manufacturer is not consistent for all simulated locations of installation. The cooling of the PV panels contributed to a decrease of up to 3.1% and the installation with tracking increased the degradation rate by up to 2.43% in relation to the fixed panels. With this, there was an improvement in the durability and efficiency of the panels provided by cooling. The solar tracking increased the degradation in the panels, but generated more electrical energy than the other topologies in the simulated period. Therefore, this study concludes that in hot climates with high degradation, PV generation may be even greater over the period of its guarantee than in places where the degradation is less, but with low production of electricity. The financial analysis concluded that cooling and solar tracking are feasible, that the fixed panel topology has the highest net present value and that, despite the higher costs for the operation and maintenance of the PV modules with tracking, the cash flow is positively higher than in other configurations analyzed. Among the various contributions from this dissertation, the main ones are better predictability of power generation and a more well-grounded analysis of investments for the expansion of PV generation according to the topology used.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqO crescimento da demanda por energia elétrica e a busca por fontes sustentáveis de eletricidade colocam a geração fotovoltaica (PV) como uma das principais alternativas. Tendo em vista que os painéis PV são utilizados para gerar energia elétrica a partir dos raios solares, a previsão da durabilidade e eficiência dos mesmos é fundamental para um planejamento mais coerente com a realidade de cada topologia de instalação PV. Nesse sentido, esta dissertação procura identificar as principais causas da degradação dos módulos PV para prever as taxas de degradação e o desempenho dos painéis em diferentes configurações de instalação. Inicialmente foi desenvolvida uma modelagem matemática para o cálculo do desempenho da geração para a qual são obtidos os dados das condições climáticas de diversas localidades. Posteriormente, foram aplicados pesos de contribuição para cada causa de degradação e assim obter o valor da taxa média de degradação (DR) na topologia PV fixa. Uma vez identificadas as principais causas de degradação e os seus respectivos pesos de contribuição, a modelagem nebulosa é então utilizada para encontrar a degradação nas topologias PV usando arrefecimento ou rastreamento solar. Um primeiro estudo de caso foi elaborado para verificar o perfil do desempenho das três topologias na cidade de Santa Maria tais como abordadas nesta dissertação para um dia típico de verão e um dia típico de inverno. A DR foi aplicada em um segundo estudo de caso para verificar a durabilidade dos painéis PV ao longo de 25 anos em diferentes localidades. Um terceiro estudo de caso considerou as taxas de degradação e o desempenho de cada topologia PV para as análises técnicas e econômicas. Os dois principais programas computacionais utilizados para a modelagem da geração PV e para as simulações foram o OpenDSS e o Homer. A partir dos resultados obtidos nesta dissertação foi possível prever a durabilidade dos painéis e a análise da energia gerada nas diferentes topologias de instalação PV. Observou-se que a garantia de desempenho dos painéis PV que o fabricante fornece não se mostra condizente para todos os locais de instalação simulados. O arrefecimento dos painéis PV contribuiu para uma diminuição de até 3,1% e a instalação com rastreamento aumentou em até 2,43% a taxa de degradação em relação aos painéis fixos. Com isto verificou-se uma melhoria na durabilidade e eficiência dos painéis proporcionadas pelo arrefecimento. O rastreamento solar aumentou a degradação nos painéis, porém gerou mais energia elétrica do que as demais topologias no período simulado. Portanto, este estudo conclui que em climas quentes com elevada degradação, a geração PV pode ser ainda maior ao longo do período da sua garantia do que em locais onde a degradação for menor, mas com baixa produção de energia elétrica. A análise financeira concluiu que o arrefecimento e o rastreamento solar são viáveis, que a topologia de painéis fixos possui o maior valor presente líquido e que, apesar dos custos serem mais altos para a operação e manutenção dos módulos PV com rastreamento, o fluxo de caixa é positivamente maior do que nas demais configurações analisadas. Entre as diversas contribuições desta dissertação as principais são uma melhor previsibilidade de geração de energia e uma análise mais bem fundamentada dos investimentos para a expansão da geração PV de acordo com a topologia usada.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilEngenharia ElétricaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia ElétricaCentro de TecnologiaFarret, Felix Albertohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5783619992936443Simoes, Marcelo GodoyMartins, Geomar MachadoMarafiga, Eduardo BonnuncielliPiotrowski, Leonardo Jonas2021-10-25T12:08:24Z2021-10-25T12:08:24Z2020-02-28info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22565porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2021-12-31T13:44:18Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/22565Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-12-31T13:44:18Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias Methodology for forecasting durability and efficiency of photovoltaic generation in its different topologies |
title |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias |
spellingShingle |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias Piotrowski, Leonardo Jonas Previsão da geração PV Eficiência Durabilidade de painéis fotovoltaicos Painéis PV Topologias PV PV generation forecast Efficiency Durability of PV panels PV panels PV topologies CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA |
title_short |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias |
title_full |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias |
title_fullStr |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias |
title_full_unstemmed |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias |
title_sort |
Metodologia para previsão da durabilidade e eficiência de geração fotovoltaica em suas diferentes topologias |
author |
Piotrowski, Leonardo Jonas |
author_facet |
Piotrowski, Leonardo Jonas |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Farret, Felix Alberto http://lattes.cnpq.br/5783619992936443 Simoes, Marcelo Godoy Martins, Geomar Machado Marafiga, Eduardo Bonnuncielli |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Piotrowski, Leonardo Jonas |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Previsão da geração PV Eficiência Durabilidade de painéis fotovoltaicos Painéis PV Topologias PV PV generation forecast Efficiency Durability of PV panels PV panels PV topologies CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA |
topic |
Previsão da geração PV Eficiência Durabilidade de painéis fotovoltaicos Painéis PV Topologias PV PV generation forecast Efficiency Durability of PV panels PV panels PV topologies CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA |
description |
The growth in demand for electricity and the search for sustainable sources of electricity put photovoltaic generation (PV) as one of the main alternatives. Taking into account that PV panels are used to generate electrical energy from the sun's rays, the forecast of their durability and efficiency is essential for planning more consistent with the reality of each PV installation topology. In this sense, this dissertation seeks to identify the main degradation causes of the PV modules to predict the degradation rates and the performance of the panels in different configurations of installation. Firstly, a mathematical model was developed to calculate the performance of the generation for which data on climatic conditions in different locations are obtained. Thereafter, contribution weights were applied to each cause of degradation and thus obtain the value of the average rate of degradation (DR) in the fixed PV topology. Once the main causes of degradation and their respective contribution weights have been identified, fuzzy modeling is applied to find degradation in PV topologies using cooling or solar tracking. A first case study was developed to verify the performance profile of the three topologies in the city of Santa Maria as approached in this dissertation for a typical summer day and a typical winter day. DR was applied in a second case study to verify the durability of PV panels over 25 years in different locations. A third case study considered the degradation rates and the performance of each PV topology for technical and economic analyzes. The two main computer programs used for modeling PV generation and for simulations were OpenDSS and Homer. From the results obtained in this dissertation it was possible to predict the durability of the panels and the analysis of the energy generated in the different topologies of PV installation. It was observed that the guarantee of the PV panel supplied by the manufacturer is not consistent for all simulated locations of installation. The cooling of the PV panels contributed to a decrease of up to 3.1% and the installation with tracking increased the degradation rate by up to 2.43% in relation to the fixed panels. With this, there was an improvement in the durability and efficiency of the panels provided by cooling. The solar tracking increased the degradation in the panels, but generated more electrical energy than the other topologies in the simulated period. Therefore, this study concludes that in hot climates with high degradation, PV generation may be even greater over the period of its guarantee than in places where the degradation is less, but with low production of electricity. The financial analysis concluded that cooling and solar tracking are feasible, that the fixed panel topology has the highest net present value and that, despite the higher costs for the operation and maintenance of the PV modules with tracking, the cash flow is positively higher than in other configurations analyzed. Among the various contributions from this dissertation, the main ones are better predictability of power generation and a more well-grounded analysis of investments for the expansion of PV generation according to the topology used. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-28 2021-10-25T12:08:24Z 2021-10-25T12:08:24Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22565 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22565 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Engenharia Elétrica UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica Centro de Tecnologia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Engenharia Elétrica UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica Centro de Tecnologia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
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1805922063388508160 |