Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17359 |
Resumo: | The world's electricity consumption increases every day along with concerns about the environment. In order to supply the increase in the demand for electric power in Brazil there has been in recent years a great expansion in the generation of renewable sources of electric energy. These sources are mainly provided by photovoltaic panels (PVs) and wind turbines associated with a reduction in the number of new hydroelectric power plants. In this sense, a study aimed at the application and use of photovoltaic panels has great importance. This is relates to the increased power and efficiency of PV panels that can be optimized by tracking systems, solar concentrators, cooling mechanisms and heat utilization. This dissertation is the development of a systematic control and monitoring standard for photovoltaic plants that allows experimental studies on the radiation tracking, solar concentration and cooling of photovoltaic panels aiming at maximizing the resulting power and efficiency via a remote communication channel. In this development was used as a prototype the experimental PV power plant of CEESP/UFSM. For this research, the communication and actuation system was designed in a modular way with the use of microcontrollers in charge of five different functions. The first one is responsible for measuring the electrical power generation, the second is controlling the panel cooling down, the third and fourth controlled the panel movements in two distinct axes and the fifth makes the acquisition of meteorological data. The microcontrollers are connected to a communication network and a master microcontroller that coordinates the information flow with the necessary controls for this diversified photovoltaic plant. The monitoring of the energy generation variables in the PV panels, such as voltage, current and temperature, showed a very acceptable approximation rate of around 97%. The voltage and current measurements had very low errors, less than 0.5%. In the movement, the errors of performance were also quite reduced, of the order of 0.2 ° to 0.3 °. For the cooling of the PV panels using geothermal energy and closed circulation through a water reservoir, the temperature remained very stable in the PV plate, around 35 to 40 °C. Finally, practical tests were done to compare some configurations, such as fixed photovoltaic panels and with manual tracking. Photovoltaic panels with two-axis tracking gears achieved a power generation efficiency 32% higher than that obtained in the reference PV panel with an optimal fixed position at 30° thereby demonstrating the operation effectiveness of this proposal. |
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Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiênciaMonitoring and remote control of the movement and cooling of photovoltaic panels for maximizing power and efficiencyPainéis fotovoltaicosRastreamentoArrefecimentoMonitoramentoComunicação remotaRede de comunicaçãoPhotovoltaic panelsTracking systemsCoolingMonitoringRemote communicationCommunication networkCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICAThe world's electricity consumption increases every day along with concerns about the environment. In order to supply the increase in the demand for electric power in Brazil there has been in recent years a great expansion in the generation of renewable sources of electric energy. These sources are mainly provided by photovoltaic panels (PVs) and wind turbines associated with a reduction in the number of new hydroelectric power plants. In this sense, a study aimed at the application and use of photovoltaic panels has great importance. This is relates to the increased power and efficiency of PV panels that can be optimized by tracking systems, solar concentrators, cooling mechanisms and heat utilization. This dissertation is the development of a systematic control and monitoring standard for photovoltaic plants that allows experimental studies on the radiation tracking, solar concentration and cooling of photovoltaic panels aiming at maximizing the resulting power and efficiency via a remote communication channel. In this development was used as a prototype the experimental PV power plant of CEESP/UFSM. For this research, the communication and actuation system was designed in a modular way with the use of microcontrollers in charge of five different functions. The first one is responsible for measuring the electrical power generation, the second is controlling the panel cooling down, the third and fourth controlled the panel movements in two distinct axes and the fifth makes the acquisition of meteorological data. The microcontrollers are connected to a communication network and a master microcontroller that coordinates the information flow with the necessary controls for this diversified photovoltaic plant. The monitoring of the energy generation variables in the PV panels, such as voltage, current and temperature, showed a very acceptable approximation rate of around 97%. The voltage and current measurements had very low errors, less than 0.5%. In the movement, the errors of performance were also quite reduced, of the order of 0.2 ° to 0.3 °. For the cooling of the PV panels using geothermal energy and closed circulation through a water reservoir, the temperature remained very stable in the PV plate, around 35 to 40 °C. Finally, practical tests were done to compare some configurations, such as fixed photovoltaic panels and with manual tracking. Photovoltaic panels with two-axis tracking gears achieved a power generation efficiency 32% higher than that obtained in the reference PV panel with an optimal fixed position at 30° thereby demonstrating the operation effectiveness of this proposal.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqO consumo de energia elétrica no mundo aumenta a cada dia juntamente com as preocupações com o meio ambiente. Para suprir o aumento da demanda de energia elétrica no Brasil está havendo nos últimos anos uma grande expansão na geração de energia elétrica a partir das fontes renováveis. Tais fontes são principalmente providas por painéis fotovoltaicos (PVs) e turbinas eólicas associadas ainda a uma redução do número de novas usinas hidroelétricas. Neste sentido, um estudo que vise à aplicação e aproveitamento dos painéis fotovoltaicos tem grande importância. Isto se relaciona ao aumento da potência e da eficiência de painéis PVs que podem ser otimizados por sistemas de rastreamento, concentradores solares, mecanismos de arrefecimento e aproveitamento de calor. Esta dissertação é o desenvolvimento de um padrão sistemático de controle e monitoramento para usinas fotovoltaicas que permita estudos experimentais sobre a movimentação, concentração solar e o arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos visando à maximização de potência e eficiência via um canal de comunicação remoto. Como protótipo será utilizado a usina experimental do CEESP/UFSM. Para esta pesquisa, o sistema de comunicação e atuação foi projetado de forma modular com a utilização de microcontroladores encarregados de cinco especialidades diferentes. A primeira delas é responsável pela medição da geração de energia elétrica, a segunda realiza o controle do arrefecimento, a terceira e a quarta fazem o controle da movimentação dos painéis em dois eixos distintos e uma quinta faz a aquisição dos dados meteorológicos. Os microcontroladores estão conectados a uma rede de comunicação e a um microcontrolador mestre que coordena o fluxo de informações com os controles necessários para esta planta fotovoltaica diversificada. O monitoramento das variáveis da geração de energia nos painéis PVs, tais como tensão, corrente e temperatura apresentaram uma taxa de sucesso bastante aceitável, algo em torno de 97%. As medições de tensão e corrente tiveram erros baixíssimos, menores do que 0,5%. Na movimentação, os erros de atuação foram também bastante reduzidos, da ordem de 0,2° a 0,3°. Para o arrefecimento dos painéis PVs usando energia geotérmica e circulação fechada de água de reservatórios, a temperatura manteve-se bem estável na placa PV, em torno de 35 a 40°C. Por fim, fizeram-se testes práticos para comparação entre algumas configurações, tais como painéis fotovoltaicos fixos e com rastreamento manual. Os painéis fotovoltaicos com rastreamento em dois eixos atingiram uma eficiência de geração 32% maior do que aquela obtida num painel PV de referência com uma posição fixa ótima a 30° com isso demonstrando o efetivo funcionamento desta proposta.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilEngenharia ElétricaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia ElétricaCentro de TecnologiaFarret, Felix Albertohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5783619992936443Bernardon, Daniel Pinheirohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6004612278397270Marafiga, Eduardo Bonnunciellihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6155053729183876Miotto, Maicon2019-07-09T13:38:46Z2019-07-09T13:38:46Z2019-03-07info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17359porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2019-07-10T06:01:25Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/17359Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2019-07-10T06:01:25Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência Monitoring and remote control of the movement and cooling of photovoltaic panels for maximizing power and efficiency |
title |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência |
spellingShingle |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência Miotto, Maicon Painéis fotovoltaicos Rastreamento Arrefecimento Monitoramento Comunicação remota Rede de comunicação Photovoltaic panels Tracking systems Cooling Monitoring Remote communication Communication network CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA |
title_short |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência |
title_full |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência |
title_fullStr |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência |
title_full_unstemmed |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência |
title_sort |
Monitoramento e acionamento remoto da movimentação e arrefecimento de painéis fotovoltaicos para maximização da potência e eficiência |
author |
Miotto, Maicon |
author_facet |
Miotto, Maicon |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Farret, Felix Alberto http://lattes.cnpq.br/5783619992936443 Bernardon, Daniel Pinheiro http://lattes.cnpq.br/6004612278397270 Marafiga, Eduardo Bonnuncielli http://lattes.cnpq.br/6155053729183876 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Miotto, Maicon |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Painéis fotovoltaicos Rastreamento Arrefecimento Monitoramento Comunicação remota Rede de comunicação Photovoltaic panels Tracking systems Cooling Monitoring Remote communication Communication network CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA |
topic |
Painéis fotovoltaicos Rastreamento Arrefecimento Monitoramento Comunicação remota Rede de comunicação Photovoltaic panels Tracking systems Cooling Monitoring Remote communication Communication network CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA |
description |
The world's electricity consumption increases every day along with concerns about the environment. In order to supply the increase in the demand for electric power in Brazil there has been in recent years a great expansion in the generation of renewable sources of electric energy. These sources are mainly provided by photovoltaic panels (PVs) and wind turbines associated with a reduction in the number of new hydroelectric power plants. In this sense, a study aimed at the application and use of photovoltaic panels has great importance. This is relates to the increased power and efficiency of PV panels that can be optimized by tracking systems, solar concentrators, cooling mechanisms and heat utilization. This dissertation is the development of a systematic control and monitoring standard for photovoltaic plants that allows experimental studies on the radiation tracking, solar concentration and cooling of photovoltaic panels aiming at maximizing the resulting power and efficiency via a remote communication channel. In this development was used as a prototype the experimental PV power plant of CEESP/UFSM. For this research, the communication and actuation system was designed in a modular way with the use of microcontrollers in charge of five different functions. The first one is responsible for measuring the electrical power generation, the second is controlling the panel cooling down, the third and fourth controlled the panel movements in two distinct axes and the fifth makes the acquisition of meteorological data. The microcontrollers are connected to a communication network and a master microcontroller that coordinates the information flow with the necessary controls for this diversified photovoltaic plant. The monitoring of the energy generation variables in the PV panels, such as voltage, current and temperature, showed a very acceptable approximation rate of around 97%. The voltage and current measurements had very low errors, less than 0.5%. In the movement, the errors of performance were also quite reduced, of the order of 0.2 ° to 0.3 °. For the cooling of the PV panels using geothermal energy and closed circulation through a water reservoir, the temperature remained very stable in the PV plate, around 35 to 40 °C. Finally, practical tests were done to compare some configurations, such as fixed photovoltaic panels and with manual tracking. Photovoltaic panels with two-axis tracking gears achieved a power generation efficiency 32% higher than that obtained in the reference PV panel with an optimal fixed position at 30° thereby demonstrating the operation effectiveness of this proposal. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-07-09T13:38:46Z 2019-07-09T13:38:46Z 2019-03-07 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17359 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17359 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Engenharia Elétrica UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica Centro de Tecnologia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Engenharia Elétrica UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica Centro de Tecnologia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922069462908928 |