Prevalência de lactentes sibilantes e associação com fatores de risco na cidade de Maceió, Alagoas

• Autor(a) principal: Medeiros, Mércia Lamenha [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9960
• topic: Asma/epidemiologia; Fatores de Risco; Lactente; Prevalência; Pré-Escolar; Recidiva; asthma prevalence; child; wheezing; Infant; Sons Respiratórios

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of wheezing and associated factors in infants the first year of life and associated risk factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 1183 infants, aged between 12 and 15 months, whose parents sought health units routinely in the city of Maceió. We used the EISL’s (Estudio Iternacional de Sibilancia en Lactentes) standardized questionnaire. The statistical analyses was used to demonstrate the prevalence of wheezing and associated risk factors. They were calculated by logistic regression. Results: Among 477 (40.4%) wheezing infants 225 (19.1%) were occasional (less than three episodes) and 252 (21.4%) recurrent (three or more episodes). Independent risk factors associated with wheezing in the fisrt year of life were: have had pneumonia that led to hospitalization (OR=3.29; IC95%:1.97-5.50; p=0.00), age at first upper respiratory infection before five month of age (OR=1.78; IC95%:1.35- 2.36; p=0.00), family history of asthma (OR=1.66; IC95%: 1.25-2.22; p=0.00), presence of moisture at home (OR=1.61;IC95%: 1.21-2.15; p=0.00) and air pollution (OR= 1.40; IC95%: 1.04-1.87; p=0.02). Protective factors identified were: to have less than four episodes of colds (OR=0.36; IC95%: 0.27-0.48; p=0.00), living with less than five people (OR=0.66; IC95%: 0.55-0.86; p=0.00) do not use processed foods (OR=0.55; IC95%: 0.35-0.88, p=0.01) and to have bathroom at home (OR=0.53; IC95%: 0.33-0.83, p=0.00). Conclusions: Wheezing starts early in life and has high morbidity. Genetic inheritance, environmental conditions and respiratory symptoms and their evolution in infants are highly influential. Early identify and adopt apprpriate therapeutic approaches can probably influence the prognosis and outcome.