Use of the sensitive/less-sensitive (detuned) EIA strategy for targeting genetic analysis of HIV-1 to recently infected blood donors

• Autor(a) principal: Machado, Daisy M. [UNIFESP}
• Data de Publicação: 2002
• Outros Autores: Delwart, E. L., Diaz, Ricardo Sobhie [UNIFESP], Oliveira, Carlos F. de [UNIFESP], Alves, Katia [UNIFESP], Rawal, B. D., Sullivan, M., Gwinn, M., Clark, K. A., Busch, M. P.
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200201040-00014; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/26730
• topic: acute infection; epidemiology; HIV diagnostic tests; HIV sequence variability; seroprevalence; surveillance; detuned EIA

Objective: To corroborate the validity of the recently developed sensitive/less sensitive (S/LS) dual enzyme immunoassay (EIA) strategy for the detection of recently infected individuals and to genetically analyze recently transmitted strains of HIV-1 in a US blood donor population.Design: the S/LS EIA strategy was used to identify 33 recently infected subjects among 281 enrolled HIV-1 seropositive blood donors (from a total of 410 HIV-1 infected subjects identified from 5 230 463 blood donations screened by participating US blood centers in 1995-1996)Methods: We analysed three host response and viral characteristics were associated with recent HIV-1 infection: rapidly increasing EIA optical density (OD) values, genetically homogeneous env gene quasispecies, and putative non-syncytium inducing env V3 loop sequences. the drug resistance genotypes of the recently transmitted strains were determined by DNA sequencing.Results: Increasing EIA OD values, clonal HIV-1 quasispecies and V3 loop sequences with inferred NSI phenotypes were generally detected in LS EIA non-reactive samples, Thirty-two subtype B and one CRF02_AG recombinant HIV-1 were detected. Genetic evidence for drug resistance to zidovudine (K70R) and non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (VI 081) was detected in one strain each, and three other strains showed the presence of accessory protease inhibitor resistance mutations.Conclusions: Immunologic and virologic results further substantiate the validity of the S/LS EIA strategy for the detection of recent infections and illustrate its use for targeting molecular and epidemiological investigations to incident cases identified from large cross-sectional screening programs, rather than the more costly and logistically difficult longitudinal studies. (C) 2002 Lippincott Williams Wilkins.