Bone Plasticity in Response to Exercise Is Sex-Dependent in Rats

• Autor(a) principal: Vicente, Wagner S.
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Outros Autores: Reis, Luciene M. dos, Graciolli, Rafael G., Graciolli, Fabiana G., Dominguez, Wagner V., Wang, Charles Chenwei [UNIFESP], Fonseca, Tatiana L., Velosa, Ana P., Roschel, Hamilton, Teodoro, Walcy R., Gualano, Bruno, Jorgetti, Vanda
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064725; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/36354

Purpose: To characterize the potential sexual dimorphism of bone in response to exercise.Methods: Young male and female Wistar rats were either submitted to 12 weeks of exercise or remained sedentary. the training load was adjusted at the mid-trial (week 6) by the maximal speed test. A mechanical test was performed to measure the maximal force, resilience, stiffness, and fracture load. the bone structure, formation, and resorption were obtained by histomorphometric analyses. Type I collagen (COL I) mRNA expression and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) mRNA expression were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).Results: the male and female trained rats significantly improved their maximum speed during the maximal exercise test (main effect of training; p<0.0001). the male rats were significantly heavier than the females, irrespective of training (main effect of sex; p<0.0001). Similarly, both the weight and length of the femur were greater for the male rats when compared with the females (main effect of sex; p<0.0001 and p<0.0001, respectively). the trabecular volume was positively affected by exercise in male and female rats (main effect of training; p = 0.001), whereas the trabecular thickness, resilience, mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate increased only in the trained males (within-sex comparison; p<0.05 for all parameters), demonstrating the sexual dimorphism in response to exercise. Accordingly, the number of osteocytes increased significantly only in the trained males (within-sex comparison; p<0.05). Pearson's correlation analyses revealed that the COL I mRNA expression and TRAP mRNA expression were positively and negatively, respectively, related to the parameters of bone remodeling obtained from the histomorphometric analysis (r = 0.59 to 0.85; p<0.05).Conclusion: Exercise yielded differential adaptations with respect to bone structure, biomechanical proprieties, and molecular signaling in male and female rats.