Análise comparativa da coordenação motora grossa entre escolares obesos/sobrepeso e eutróficos de 6 a 9 anos de idade

• Autor(a) principal: Dias, Fabiana do Socorro da Silva [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=5201112; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/50379
• topic: Child; Schoolchildren; Nutritional status; Motor coordination; Körperkoordinations test fur kinder; Ktk; Criança; Escolar; Estado nutricional; Coordenação motora; Körperkoordinations test fur kinder; Ktk

Background: Gross motor coordination might be impaired in overweight/obese children, compared with euthrofic children. Objectives: To compare gross motor coordination in overweight/obese schoolchildren with eutrophic children at same age and to analyze factors associated with motor coordination. Methods: a crosssectional study was carried out including schoolchildren of two public schoool from Itabuna/BA. Males and females children from 6 to 9 year old classified according to nutritional status in eutrophic and overweight/obese children were included. Children with congenital malformations, osteomioarticular deformities, neurological disorders and thinness were excluded. Gross motor coordination was evaluated by the Koöperkoordination Test für Kinder (KTK), wich is composed: (1) backward walking, (2) single-leg jumps, (3) side-by-side jumps and, (3) lateral shifiting. The score of each test was analised according to age and gender to obtain a motor quocient (MQ) considering insuficient coordnation if MQ <85. Mann-Whitney test or t test were used for comparison of continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Factors associated with lower scores of MQ or MQ < 85, were analysed by linear regression or logistic regression, respectively. SPSS programm for Win / v.17.0 was used for statistical analysis, considering significant p <0.05. Results: In this study, 169 (81.3%) children were included, being, 84 (49.7%) females and 48 (28.4%) overweight/obese children. The percentage of children who practice sports < 2 times/week was similar in both groups (eutrophics: 80.2% vs. overweight/obese: 87.5%). The mean score of MQ on single-leg jumps (127.9±10.1 vs. 132.3±12.1), backward walking (84.2±13.2 vs. 91.0±15.0), shifiting plataform (123.5±23.4 vs. 129.8±14.9) and total MQ (112.5±14.8 vs. 118.8±11.6) were significantly lower in the overweight/obese, compared with eutrophic group. The percentage of children with MQ <85 on the backward walking was higher in the overweight/obesity compared to eutrophic group (60.4% vs. 36.4%) and similar on the side-by-side jumping (18.8 vs. 9.9%) and shifiting plataforms (6.3 vs. 0.8%). By multiple linear regression analysis, the lowest MQ was associated with the female sex in side-by-side jumping (-10.7 points). The variable overweight/obesity was associated with the lowest MQ in single-leg jump (-2.9), backward walking (-6.0) and shifiting plataform (-6.3). Each aditional year on children’ age was associated with lower MQ in single-leg jumps (-5.8) and in backward walking (-2.9). Overall MQ was negatively associated with female sex (-13.3 points), overweight/obesity (-16.2), aditional year of age (-10.6) sports practice <2 times/week (-15.1). By multiple logistic regression, the odds ratio of presenting MQ <85 in side-by-side jumps were 5.1 times higher in females. The chance of presenting MQ <85 in the backward walking was greater with each year over children’age (1.4 times) and overweight/obesity (2,5). In shifiting plataforms, each additional point in BMI increased by 32% the chance of MQ <85. The chance of presenting good or very good motor quotient was lower in females (2.1), each aditional year of age (1.6), overweight/obesity (2.7) and sports practice <2 times/week (2.6). Conclusions: Children with overweight/obesity presented lower scores in motor coordination tests, compared to eutrophic ones. The factors associated with worse performance in gross motor coordination were female gender, overweight/obesity, older age and sports practice <2 times/week.