Análise perioperatória de morbimortalidade em neurocirurgia pediátrica

• Autor(a) principal: Mekitarian Filho, Eduardo [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/8939
• topic: Child; Postoperative care; Intensive care units, pediatric; Morbidity; Risk factors; Neurosurgery; Criança; Cuidados pós-operatórios; Unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica; Morbidade; Fatores de risco; Neurocirurgia

Introduction. The increasing complexity and improving care assistance and monitoring of children undergoing neurosurgical procedures has been remarkable in recent years. However, there are few publications about the main characteristics of perioperative morbidity and risk factors associated with worse outcomes from them. Objectives. To study, retrospectively, the main determinants of morbidity and mortality in children undergoing neurosurgical procedures hospitalized in the Hospital Santa Catarina’s Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and characterize them in to know the profile of the service studied. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical records review between 2005 to 2009 of all patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures, from 1 month to 16 years, and the main data regarding the diagnosis and surgical postoperative outcome and main complications and outcome of patients during hospitalization were reviewed. Results. We studied data from 198 patients during the study period. The most common diagnoses were craniosynostosis (31.3%), supratentorial tumors (19.7%), ventriculoperitoneal shunts (16.7%), spinal cord tumors (9.1%) and infratentorial tumors (8.6%) . Altogether, 57.6% of patients were male with a mean age of 50 months, mean ICU stay of 3.4 days and hospital stay of 7.2 days with an average time of mechanical ventilation of 6.6 hours. The most frequent complications were bleeding (48.5%), fever (30.3%), hypothermia (16.2%) and post-extubation laryngitis (15.2%). In the multivariate analysis, the risk factors associated with longer ICU lenght-of-stay were fever (p = 0.001), laryngitis (p = 0.001) and infection (p = 0.003); with greater hospital stay, fever (p = 0.001) and infection (p = 0.003) and with greater duration of mechanical ventilation, fever (p = 0.015), bleeding (p = 0.04), laryngitis (p = 0.007), coagulation disorders (p <0.001) and use of corticosteroids (p <0.001). There were two deaths in this population due to intracranial hypertension. Conclusions. It’s very important to study the major complications associated with poor prognosis in pediatric neurosurgery. Fever and bleeding were very frequent, impacting on almost all outcomes studied. Case series with the largest number of patients are needed to better establish the risk factors.